Welcome to

Block 6
INTRODUCTION
Basic Medical Science III
HOMEOSTASIS AND
METABOLISM

Metabolism
The set of chemical reactions that
happen in living organisms to maintain
life.
These processes allow organism to :
Grow and reproduce
Maintain their structures
Respond to their environments.

Metabolism
Metabolism is divided into two
catagories : catabolism and
anabolism
Catabolism: degradative pathways
Usually energy-yielding!
Anabolism: biosynthetic pathways
energy-requiring!

Organization in Pathways
Pathways consist of sequential steps
The enzymes may be separate
Or may form a multienzyme complex
Or may be a membrane-bound system
New research indicates that multienzyme
complexes are more common than once
thought

Nutrition
Protein is a rich source of nitrogen and
also provides essential amino acids
Carbohydrates provide needed energy and
essential components for nucleotides and
nucleic acids
Lipids provide essential fatty acids that are
key components of membranes and also
important signal molecules

Organ Systems
Interrelationships
Nutrients and oxygen
are distributed by the
blood
Metabolic wastes are
eliminated by the
urinary and
respiratory systems

Figure 1.2

Homeostasis
Homeostasis = The maintenance of a
stable internal environment.
Maintaining a stable internal environment requires constant monitoring and
adjustments as conditions change.
This adjusting of physiological systems
within the body is called homeostatic
regulation.

 Homeostatic regulation involves three

parts or mechanisms:

1) the receptor,
2) the control center and
3) the effector.

Homeostatic Systems
Three Basic
Components:
1. Receptor

detects change in a
variable (stimulus/stress)
sends input (information)
to a control center

2. Control Center

assesses input; sends

output to effector(s)

3. Effector

causes response, i.e., an

effect which is triggered
by output

For example :
Our bodies control body temperature in a
similar way.
The brain is the control center
The receptor is our body's temperature
sensors,
And the effector is our blood vessels and
sweat glands in our skin.

Homeostasis
System Communications (feed back,
transduction, etc)
Homeostasis & Disturbance of
Homeostasis
Physiological adaptation

BLOCK OBJECTIVE
Explain structure, function and composition of
human body from cellular level and its role in
homeostasis to solve health problem.
Understand the pathophysiology and
management of metabolic and nutrition
disorder.
Understand how to perform physical and
laboratory examination relevant to metabolic
and nutrition disorder.

Block 6
Homeostasis and Metabolism
Lectures
: 24 ITs
Practical and skill lab (11 topics):
Practical
Skill lab

: 8 topics
: 3 topics

Tutorial (4 times)
Homeostasis
Metabolism
Adaptation

: 1 topics
: 2 topics
: 1 topics

Block 6
Homeostasis and Metabolism
Assessment:
- Individual assignment (10%)
- Written test (40%)
- SOCA (30%)
- OSCE and Practical (20%)

Rules of Lecture
WHEN LECTURE IS GOING ON:

Dont play internet.

Turn off your laptop.
Concentrate on the lesson.
Dont play your hand-phone.
Dont walking in and out of the
classroom without permission.

COME TO CLASS AND READ THE BOOK

BEFORE LECTURE

Rules in Labs
General rules:
Using lab coat and name tag
Authorized persons only can access labs
Using lab tools or materials carefully
(microscope; chemical material, etc.)
Eating, drinking, smoking NOT ALLOWED
Be seriously