Fire

Prevention & Protection

Classification based on
Occupancy
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J

Residential
Educational
Institutional
Assembly
Business
Mercantile
Industrial
Storage
Hazardous

Residential Buildings
Sub-division A-1 Lodging or rooming
houses
Sub-division A-2 One or two-family
private dwellings
Sub-division A-3 Dormitories
Sub-division A-4 Apartment houses
(flats)
Sub-division A-5 Hotels
Sub-division A-6 Hotels (Starred)

Educational Buildings
Sub-division B-1 Schools up to
senior secondary
level
Sub-division B-2 All
others/training
institutions

Institutional Buildings
Sub-division C-1 Hospitals and
sanatoria
Sub-division C-2 Custodial
institutions
Sub-division C-3 Penal and
mental institutions

Assembly Buildings
Sub-division D-1 Buildings having a theatrical stage with fixed seats
for over 1000 persons
Sub-division D-2 Buildings having a theatrical stage with fixed seats
up to 1000 persons
Sub-division D-3 Buildings without a permanent stage having
accommodation for 300 or more persons but no permanent
seating
Sub-division D-4 Buildings without a permanent stage having
accommodation for less than 300 persons with no
permanent seating
Sub-division D-5 All other structures including temporary structures
designed for assembly of people not covered by subdivisions D-1 to D-4, at ground level.
Sub-division D-6 Buildings having mixed occupancies providing
facilities such as hopping, cinema theatres, and restaurants.
Sub-division D-7 All other structures, elevated or underground, for
assembly of people not covered by sub-divisions D-1 to D-6.

Business Buildings
Sub-division E-1 Offices, banks, professional
establishments, like offices of
architects, engineers, doctors,
lawyers and police stations.
Sub-division E-2 Laboratories, research
establishments, libraries and
test houses.
Sub-division E-3 Computer installations.
Sub-division E-4 Telephone exchanges.
Sub-division E-5 Broadcasting stations and
T.V. stations.

Mercantile Buildings
Sub-division F-1 Shops, stores,
departmental stores markets
with area up to 500 m2.
Sub-division F-2 Shops, stores,
departmental stores markets
with area more than 500 m2.
Sub-division F-3 Underground shopping
centres. Storage and service
facilities incidental to the sale
of merchandise and located in
the same building shall be
included under this group.

Industrial Buildings
Sub-division G-1 Buildings used for
low hazard industries.
Sub-division G-2 Buildings used for
moderate hazard
industries.
Sub-division G-3 Buildings used for
high hazard industries.

Fire Zones
Fire Zone No. 1
This shall comprise of areas having
residential (Group A), educational
(Group B), institutional (Group C), and
assembly (Group D), small business
(Subdivisions E-1 ) and retail
mercantile (Group F) buildings, or
mess which are under development
for such occupancies.

Fire Zone No. 2

This shall comprise business (Subdivisions E-2 to E-5) and industrial
buildings (Sub-division G-1 and G-2),
except high hazard industrial
buildings (Sub-division G-3) or areas
which are under development for
such occupancies.

Fire Zone No. 3

This shall comprise areas having high
hazard industrial buildings
(Subdivision G-3), storage buildings
(Group H) and buildings for
hazardous used (Group J) or areas
which are under development for
such occupancies.

F.A.R.
Residential
Educational
Institutional

Type-I Type-2 Type-3 Type-4

UL
2.0
1.4
1.0
UL
UL

2.0
1.5

1.4
1.0

1.0
0.8

Assembly

UL

1.0

0.7

0.5

Business

UL

2.9

2.3

1.6

Mercantile

8.0

1.8

1.4

1.0

Industrial

7.5

1.9

1.6

1.3

6.0

1.5

1.1

0.9

Storage
Hazardous

2.8

UL Unlimited.
NP Not permitted.

1.3
NP

1.0

Life Safety
4.2 General Exit Requirements
4.2.1 An Exit may be a doorway; corridor,
passageway(s)
to an internal staircase, or external staircase, or to
a VERANDAH or terrace(s), which have access to
the street, or to the roof of a building or a refuge
area. An exit may also include a horizontal exit
leading to an adjoining building at the same level.
4.2.2 Lifts and escalators shall not be considered
as exits.

Occupant Load
Group of Occupancy
Group
Group
Group
Group

A
Residential
B
Educational
C
Institutional
D
Assembly
(With Fixed Seating)
(Without Fixed Seating)
Group E Business

Occupant Load, Floor

Area in m2/Person
12.5
4
15

Mercantile
(Street Level & Basement)
(Upper Floors)
Group G
Industrial
Group H
Storage
Group J Hazardous

0.6
1.5
10

Group F

3
6
10
30
10

Occupants per Unit Width

Group of Occupancy

No. of Occupants
Stairs Ramps Doors

Group
Group
Group
Group
Group

A
Residential
B
Educational
C
Institutional
D
Assembly
E Business

25
25
25
50

50
50
50
40
60

75
75
75
50
75

Group
Group
Group
Group

F
Mercantile
G
Industrial
H
Storage
J Hazardous
25

50
50
50
30

60
60
60
40

75
75
75

60

Travel Distance
Group of Occupancy

Minimum Travel Distance

Type-1&2
Type-3&4

Group
Group
Group
Group
30.0
Group

A
B
C
D

Residential
Educational
Institutional
Assembly

30.0
30.0
30.0

22.50
22.50
22.50

E Business

30.0

30.0

Group
Group
Group
Group

F
Mercantile
G
Industrial
H
Storage
J Hazardous
22.5

30.0
45.0
30.0

30.0
-

30.0

Capacities of Exits
4.4.1 The unit of exit width, used to
measure the capacity of any exit,
shall be 500 mm. A clear width of
250 mm shall be counted as an
additional half unit.
Clear widths less than 250 mm shall
not be counted for exit width.

Number of Exits
4.6.2 All buildings, which are 15 m
in height or above, and all buildings
used as educational, assembly,
institutional, industrial, storage,
and hazardous occupancies and
mixed occupancies with any of the
aforesaid occupancies, having area
more than 500 m2 on each floor
shall have a minimum of two
staircases. They shall be of enclosed
type; at least one of them shall be on
external walls of buildings and shall open
directly to the exterior, interior open

4.7.2 No exit doorway shall be less than

1000 mm in width except assembly
buildings where door width shall be not less
than 2000 mm. Doorways shall be not less
than 2000 mm in height.
4.7.4 Exit door shall not open immediately
upon a
flight of stairs; a landing equal to at least
the width of
the door shall be provided in the
stairway at each
doorway; the level of landing shall be the
same as that
of the floor which it serves.

4.8 Corridors and Passageways

4.8.1 Exit corridors and passageways
shall be of width not less than the
aggregate required width of exit
doorways leading from them in the
direction of travel to the exterior.
4.8.2 Where stairways discharge through
corridors and passageways, the height of
corridors and passageways shall be not
less than 2.4 m.
4.8.3 All means of exit including
staircases lifts lobbies and corridors shall

Stairs Width
a) Residential buildlngs (dwellings)

l.0 m

b) Residential hotel buildings

1.5 m

c) Assembly buildings like auditorium,

theatres and cinemas

2.0 m

d) Educational buildings up to 30 m in
height

1.5 m

e) Institutional buildings like hospitals

2.0 m

f) All other buildings

1.5 m

In case of single staircase it shall

terminate at the ground floor
level
and the access to the basement
shall be by a separate staircase.
The second staircase may lead to
basement levels provided the same is
separate at ground level by
ventilated lobby with discharge
points to two different ends through

Fire Fighting
Installations

Fire Extinguishers
Hose Reel
Dry Riser
Wet Riser
Down Comer
Yard Hydrant
Automatic Sprinklers
Manual Fire Alarm
Automatic Fire Alarm System
Under Ground Static water Storage
Tank
Terrace Tank
Pumps

Thank You