WORK
CELL THEORY
1. Every organism is composed of one or more
cells
2. The cell is the smallest unit having the
properties of life
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
PLASMA MEMBRANE
Selectively permeable
ORGANELLES
Compartments that
separate reactions and
substances within the
cytoplasm
Each organelle has a
specific function
necessary for the survival
of the cell
NUCLEUS
Master control center
Encloses the DNA
DNA contains instructions for coding proteins (RNA)
Proteins determine the cells structure and function
ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM
SER no ribosomes
RER with ribosomes
Ribosomes platform for
building
proteins
Lysosome contains
active hydrolytic
enzymes
Food vacuole
fuses with
lysosome
Hydrolytic
enzymes digest
food particles
Digestive
enzymes
Lysosome
Plasma membrane
Digestion
Food vacuole
MITOCHONDRIA
Produces ATP which is
the energy for cell
activities
CYTOSKELETON
Cells internal framework
Interconnected fibers, thread
and lattice in the cytoplasm
Gives shape, internal
organization and ability to
move
MOVEMENT OF SUBSTANCES
ACROSS THE CELL: DIFFUSION
AND OSMOSIS
OSMOSIS
-Direct
Diffusion
*No transport protein
*No ATP needed
-Passive
Transport
(Facilitated Diffusion)
*Transport protein is
used
*No ATP needed
ENDOCYTOSIS AND
EXOCYTOSIS
-transport of large
molecules and
particles across the
membrane through
vesicles
Anabolism
- Small molecules Larger molecules (Glucose Starch)
- Energy is stored in the chemical bonds (Products are used as food)
Catabolism
- Large molecules Smaller molecules (Starch Glucose)
- Disassemble molecules releasing components for use by cells
ENZYMES
Enzymes are catalysts speed up
chemical reactions but are not
used up so they can be used over
and over
Make reactions occur 100x to
1000000x faster
Each enzyme interacts only with a
specific substrate
END