Reproductive System
Module :
Production Team:
Director
: Kiki Lukman, MD, MSc, FINACS (Dig.)
Script writer : Kiki Lukman, MD, MSc, FINACS (Dig.)
Main contributors
: Kiki Lukman, MD, MSc, FINACS (Dig.)
Yayat Ruchiyat, MD, FINACS (Dig.)
Warko Karnadihardja, MD, FINACS (Dig.)
Nurhayat Usman, dr., SpB-KBD
Lisa Hasibuan, MD
Nina K. Poetri T., SKp,
Dadang Sunarya AMK
Dedy Rusnadi AMK,
Alia Rahmi AMK,
Editorial Team
: Kiki Lukman, MD, MSc, FINACS (Dig.)
Casting
: Kiki Lukman, MD, MSc, FINACS (Dig.)
Artistic
: MIR-C Corporate
Productions : Medical School of Universitas Padjadjaran
Bandung
Credits
Special
thanks to:
Central Operating Theatre Unit of
Hasan Sadikin General Hospital
Introduction
Description
Objectives
Description
Infection
Prevention in Surgical
Setting is one of important
preventive methods in order to
achieve infection control in clinical
and surgical practices.
Objectives
The
history of
sterilization, disinfection, decontamination,
anti and a - septic techniques.
To describe six methods of sterilization.
To describe three categories of surgical
instruments
To describe 6 rules of aseptic techniques
Specific Learning
Objectives :
To perform aseptic techniques correctly,
including (P5):
Definition:
Sterilization : Processes by which all pathogenic
& non pathogenic microorganisms, including
spores, are killed.
Disinfection: Chemical or physical process of
destroying all pathogenic microorganisms,
except spore bearing ones; used for inanimate
objects, but not on tissues.
Definition:
Decontamination : Process or method by which all
contaminated materials that can cause diseases are
removed.
Aseptic techniques : Methods by which contamination
with microorganisms is prevented.
Antiseptic techniques: Prevention of sepsis by the
exclusion, destruction, or inhibition of growth and
multiplication of microorganisms from body tissues and
fluids.
Infection Control
Why
Historical backgrounds :
Ignas Sammelweis (1818 - 1865)
Historical backgrounds :
Joseph Lister (1865)
Methods of Infection
control
Anti
septic techniques
Design
Aseptic
techniques
Sterilization
The objective of modern surgery
For inanimate objects
Problem :
Techniques of
Sterilization
Physical:
Heat
Radiation/ ultraviolet ray
Boiling water
Ultrasound
Chemical:
Liquid
Gas
Heat Sterilization
Dry :
Steam
High pressure spores
Vacuum
constant temperature
Autoclave
Chemical Sterilization
Generally as disinfection
Mechanism of action :
Protein coagulation
Enzyme denaturation in cells
Lysis
Depend on : number of microorganisms, soiling,
Solutions
Solutions
Hexachloropene (Halogenated phenol)
Gas Sterilization
Formaldehyde
Ethilene-oxide
- propionolactone
Boiling Water
Mild boiling
Vigorous boiling
More active, if
Transitional
Zone
Clean
Zone
Semi
Restricted
Area
S
C
R
U
B
S
U
I
T
Restricted area
Sterile
core
unrestricted area
Elevators
Corridors
outside
surgical
suite
unrestricted area
Entrance
Reception
desk
Patient
suite
Transitional Zone
(Video)
Locker
room
Dressing
room
Surgical
suite and
corridors
Sterile core
Putting on surgical
attire
In
are compulsory
Surgical attire
Male
personnel
Female
personnel
Personnel
with veil
Aseptic techniques
Aseptic techniques
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Hand washing
Indications:
Hand washing
Before and after performing sterile procedures
After contact with blood or body substances, mucous
membranes, soiled linen, waste, or contaminated
equipment.
Between tasks at different body sites on the same
patient to prevent cross contamination
After taking care of infected patient
After touching contaminated inanimate sources
Hand washing
Preparation
The
procedure
Surgical Scrubbing
Procedure
Purposes:
To remove debris and transient organisms
from the nails, hands, and forearms.
To reduce the resident microbial count to a
minimum.
To inhibit rapid rebound growth of
microorganisms.
Purposes:
To minimize the re-growth of microorganisms
for the length of the procedure.
To reduce the numbers of microorganisms on
hands
To reduce contamination of the operative site
by recognized or unrecognized breaks in
surgical gloves.
Preparation:
Actual procedure:
Strokes technique
Actual procedure:
Five minute technique
Gowning
The goal:
to ensure a safe, protective, and
aseptic environment to the patient and
the surgical team.
sterile towel
Applying gown
Closed gloving
technique
Open
technique
Closed technique
Skin preparation
The goals:
Skin preparation
Skin
painting
Skin
draping
Gown, Gloves
removal
Simultaneous
removal