NDUSTRIAL WASTE WATE

TREATMENT

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
BRIEF HISTORY OF THE COMPANY
INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT
1. Source of industrial waste water
EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT {E T P}
a. Steps involved
b. Water samples
SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT {S T P}
1. There are three types of process
overview

a. Pre- Treatment
b. Screening
c. Grit Removal
d. Flow Equalization
e. Fat & grease Removal
f. Primary Treatment
g. Secondary Treatment
i. Tertiary Treatment
2. Aeration
3. Reading of untreated water sample
4. Reading of treated water sample
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

INTRODUCTI
Some of the major important types of
ON
wastewater treatment process are as follows:
1. Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP) 2. Sewage
Treatment Plants (STP) 3. Common and
Combined Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP).
It is estimated that every year 1.8 million
people die due to suffering from waterborne
diseases. A large part of these deaths can be
indirectly attributed to improper sanitation.

Wastewater treatment is an important initiative

which has to be taken more seriously for the
betterment of the society and our future.
Wastewater treatment is a process, wherein the
contaminants are removed from wastewater as
well as household sewage, to produce waste
stream or solid waste suitable for discharge or
reuse. Wastewater treatment methods are
categorized into three sub-divisions, physical,
chemical and biological.

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE

COMPANY
Mr. S. B. Hundre, Mr. D. S. Chitnis & Mr. V. K. Samant, the founders of the
POLYHYDRON GROUP , started their first venture for manufacturing of Hydraulic
Tube Fittings & accessories in the year 1974. Products like Pumps, Valves & Manifolds
were added to manufacturing range in 1981-82 and Power Packs in 1986-87.
Polyhydron Systems Pvt. Ltd.:
PSPL was formerly known as Oilgear Towler Polyhydron Private Limited (The company
had entered into a joint venture collaboration agreement with THE OILGEAR
COMPANY, OILGEAR TOWLER INTERNATIONAL USA in December 1993). The
company was established in 1986-87. Right from its inception, PSPL has been
Manufacturing Oil Hydraulic Systems & Hydraulic Actuators and has later added
Piston Type accumulators to its range of products.
Management
Only Hydraulic Valve & Pump Manufacturing Company in India, which does not have
any foreign collaboration.
Just-In-Time Production System implementation has born unimaginable benefits
inspite of the non-conducive environment in the country.
One of the very few companies in India to Practice Ethical Management and has
developed the concept of Business Ashrama.

INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER
TREATMENT

Industrial wastewater treatment

Cover the mechanisms and
processes used to treat waters
that have been contaminated in
some way by anthropogenic
industrial or commercial
activities prior to its release into
the environment or its reuse

Sources of industrial
wastewater

Agricultural waste
Iron and steel industry
Mines and quarries
Food industries
Complex organic chemical industry
Nuclear industry

Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP

An ETP is a plant where the treatment of industrial
effluents and waste waters is done. The ETP plants are
used widely in industrial sector, for example,
pharmaceutical industry, to remove the effluents from
the bulk drugs.

What is Effluent?
Liquid waste flowing out of a
factory, farm ,commercial
establishment or a household into
a water body Such as a river , lake
or lagoon , or a sewer system
or Reservoir waste discharged into
air is
called as Emission.

STEPS INVOLVED
Removal of oils and chemicals from water and
the water is collected into collecting tank with
capacity of 500 liters
Manual process
- pH of the chemicals is checked ,if pH
is less alum is added to increase the pH upto
14 from 9- 10 so that heavy particles collects
at the surface
-polyalluminium chloride is used to reduce the
pH
to 7 for further process

 1 liter of poly electrolyte is added to

tank where heavy particles are
collected at the bottom and pure
water is separated this is known as
layer breaker
SLAG (heavy impure particles) are
collected in filter bags
DEWATER BAG is used to break the
layer formed and also kill the
bacterias

WATER SAMPLES
Treated & Non treated water
samples

2. Sewage Treatment
Plants (STP):
Sewage treatment, or domestic wastewater
treatment, is the process of removing
contaminants from wastewater and household
sewage, both runoff (effluents) and domestic. It
includes physical, chemical, and biological
processes to remove physical, chemical and
biological contaminants.

THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF PROCESS

OVERVIEW

Pretreatment
Screening
Grit removal
Flow equalization
Fat and Grease removal
Primary Treatment
Secondary Treatment
Tertiary Treatment

 Pre Treatment
Pre- treatment removes materials
that can be easily collected from the
raw waste water before they
damage or clog the pumps and
skimmers of primary treatment
clarifiers {trash, tree limbs, leaves
,etc.}.

 Screening
The influent sewage water is screened to
removal all large object like cans , rags , sticks,
plastic packets etc. Carried in the sewages
streams . This is most commonly done with an
automated mechanically racked bar screen in
modern plants a manually cleaned screen may
be used .The racking action of a mechanical bar
screen is typically placed according to the
accumulation on the bar screen or flow rate. If
gross solid is not removed they become
entrained in pipes & moving parts of the
treatment plant & can cause substantial
damage & inefficiency in the process.

 Grit Removal
Pre- treatment may include a sand or
grit channel or chamber where the
velocity of the incoming wastewater
is adjusted to allow the settlement of
sand ,grit ,stones & broken glass.
These particles are removed because
they may damage pumps & other
equipment. For small sanitary sewer
system ,the grit chamber may not
be necessary ,but grit removal is
desirable at larger plants.

Flow Equalization

Clarifiers & mechanised secondary

treatment are more efficient under uniform
flow condition . Equalization basins may be
used for temporary storage of diurnal or
wet weather flow peaks . Basins provides
a place to temporarily hold incoming
sewage during plant maintenance &a
means of diluting & distributing batch
discharges of toxic or high strength waste
which might otherwise exhibit biological
secondary treatment .Cleaning may be
easier if the basin is downstream of
screening & grit removal.

 Fat & Grease

Removal

In some larger plants , fat & grease is

removed by passing the sewage
through a small tank where skimmers
collects the fat floating on the surface .
Air blowers in the base of the tank may
also be used to help recover the fat as
froth . Many plants , however , use
primary clarifiers with mechanical
surface skimmers for fat & grease
removal.

 Primary Treatment
Primary treatment consists of
temporarily holding the sewage in a
quiescent basin where heavy solids
can settle to the bottom while oil,
grease & lighter solids float to the
surface . The settled & floating
materials are removed and the
remaining liquid may be discharged
or subjected to secondary treatment.

 Secondary Treatment
Secondary treatment removes
dissolved & suspended biological
matter . Secondary treatment is
typically performed by indigenous
,water-borne micro organism in a
managed habitat . Secondary
treatment may require a separation
process to remove the micro
organism from the treated water
prior to discharge or tertiary

 Tertiary Treatment
Tertiary treatment is sometimes
defined as anything more than
primary &secondary treatment in
order to allow rejection into a highly
sensitive or fragile ecosystem .
Treated water is sometimes
disinfected chemically or physically
prior to discharge into a stream ,
river , bay ,lagoon or wetland ,or it
can be used for the irrigation of a
golf course ,green way or park . If t is
sufficiently clean , it can also be

AERATION

 READING OF UNTREATED WATER

SAMPLE.

pH 9
Alkalinity - 120 mg /liter
Ammonia - 3 mg /liter
Nitrate
- Absent
Chloride
- Absent
Total hardness - 350 mg / liter
Nitrite
-Absent

 READING OF TREATED WATER

SAMPLE

pH -6
Alkalinity
- 25 mg/liter
Ammonia - Absent
Nitrate
- Absent
Chloride
- Absent
Total hardness - 50 mg /liter
Nitrite
- Absent