Grau de cristalinidade
Holocristalino (cristais)
Holohialino (vidro)
Hipocristalino(*) (cristais + vidro)
Hipohialino(**) (vidro + cristais)
(*)textura de rocha gnea que apresenta componentes cristalino em uma matriz vtrea, numa razo cristal/vidro entre 7:1 e 5:3
(**) textura de rocha gnea que apresenta componentes cristalino em uma matriz vtrea, numa razo cristal/vidro entre 3:5 e 1:7
Granulao (tamanho dos gros)
Granulao
Rocks
Fina
< 1 mm
Mdia
1 - 5 mm
Grossa
5 mm - 3 cm
Muito grossa
> 3 cm
6. HBITO = FORMA
Mineral Habits
Olivine phyric basalt Phenocrysts of olivine and a glomerocryst of smaller olivine (purple)
and plagioclase set in an intergranular matrix of plagioclase and granular pyroxene. Maui,
Hawaii
Textura vitrofrica
Hypohyalline texture
Textura vitrofrica
Obsidian vitrophyre - A vitrophyre is another name for a phenocrystbearing obsidian. The phenocrysts in the photomicrograph are mostly
plagioclase. The groundmass is volcanic glass. The view is under crossed
polarizers. (Sample is from Montana.)
Textura granofrica
Depsito piroclstico
Piroclastos
Principalmente inconsolidado:
Tefra
Principalmente consolidado:
Rocha piroclstica
bomba, bloco
aglomerado
camadas de blocos ou bomba,
bloco tefra
aglomerado
brecha piroclstica
lapli
tufo lapli
cinza grossa
64
2
1/16
Tufitos
(misto piroclsticoepiclstico)
Piroclstica
Aglomerado,
brecha piroclstica
Conglomerados
tufceos, brechas tufceas
64
Epiclstico
(vulcnica e/ou no
vulcnica)
Conglomerado,
Brecha
Tufo lapli
2
grosso
1/16
Arenitos tufceos
Arenito
Tufo (cinza)
Siltitos tufceos
Siltito
fino
1/256
Quantidade
de material
piroclstico
100 a 75%
Argilito, folhelho
75 a 25%
25 a 0%
IGNIMBRITO SOLDADO
(Welded ignimbrite, Aso, Japan)
Many ignimbrites are hard, densly welded glassy rocks. The pumice fragments that characterize
unwelded ignimbrites, are not easily recognizable in welded varieties because they have been
compacted into black glassy pancake shapes, known as fiamme. Note the fiamme in the photo shown
here. A fiamme-bearing ignimbrite is such as this is said to have a eutaxitic texture. Courtesy of Peter
Francis.
Ignimbrito
uma rocha ou depsito formado por uma ou
mais unidades de fluxo piroclstico pumcio
(pmice flow), independente de soldado ou no
(Cas & Wright, 1987)
Grau de soldamento
Dado pela relao mdia do comprimento (Cp)
pela altura (H; em cm) de fiames e de pmices
observados no depsito.
Cp/H
Incipiente - 1:1 a 2:1
Moderado - 3,5:1 a 5:1
Densamente soldado >5,5:1
IGNIMBRITO SOLDADO
(Welded ignimbrite, Aso, Japan)
Many ignimbrites are hard, densly welded glassy rocks. The pumice fragments that characterize
unwelded ignimbrites, are not easily recognizable in welded varieties because they have been
compacted into black glassy pancake shapes, known as fiamme. Note the fiamme in the photo shown
here. A fiamme-bearing ignimbrite is such as this is said to have a eutaxitic texture. Courtesy of Peter
Francis.
IGNIMBRITO
welded tuff
Tephra
welded ignimbrite
welded ignimbrite
View of agglomerate
Agglomerate and tuff
Tufo
Tufo soldado
Fiamme are pumice and glass that have collapsed and compacted.
Fiamme often display flame structures (think of flames in a fire). The
elongated white mass in the center is fiamme. It shows flame
structures on the left and along the bottom. Note the flattened glass
shards draping over minerals.