Project Characteristics
Temporary
Unique product/service/result
Progressive elaboration
Constrained by limited resources
Project Management
How to meet
Project Requirements ?
By balancing competing demands among:
quality
cost
time
scope
4
PM Knowledge Areas
Areas of Expertise
Needed by the Project Team
PM Body of
Knowledge
(PMBOK)
PMBOK
guide
Application area
knowledge,
standards &
regulations
Interpersonal skills
Understanding
the project
environment
General
management
knowledge &
skills
6
Initial
phase
Intermediate
phases
plan
accomplish
time
7
Final
phase
Adding Value vs
Cost to Change
high
Cost to changes
low
Project time
8
Amount at stake
low
Project time
9
Project Stakeholders
10
Relation between
Stakeholders & Project
project
Project
sponsor
PM
PM team
Project team
Project stakeholder
11
Stakeholders Influence
over Time
Influence of stake holders
high
Cost of changes
low
Project time
12
Inputs
Phases
PM outputs
PM team
Intermediate
Initial
charter
plan
Scope statement
Final
acceptance
baseline
progress
Project
deliverables
13
approval
handover
Product &
Project Life Cycles
Operation
upgrade
Product
life cycle Business
plan
Project
Life Cycle
idea
Initial
product
Intermediate
14
Final
Divestment
Organizational structure
PM authority
% staff
assigned
fulltime to
project
PMs role
Functional
Matrix
Projectized
little
moderate
high
Almost none
0-95%
85-100%
Part time
Full time
Full time
15
Project Management
Processes
Monitoring
& control
Plan
planning
Do
initiating
Act
closing
Check
executing
16
Project Boundaries
Project
deliverables
Monitoring
& control
End
users
planning
Project
initiator/
sponsor
Project
inputs
initiating
closing
executing
Project
records
Project boundaries
17
Process
assets
Level of
process
interaction
Executing
Planning
Initiating
Closing
time
18
PM Process Group
Triangle
Monitoring
& control
Project
process
groups
initiating
closing
executing
Life cycle
phase
Monitoring
& control
planning
initiating
phase
Monitoring
& control
planning
closing initiating
executing
phase
Monitoring
& control
planning
closing
closing initiating
executing
executing
19
PM Process Groups vs
PM Knowledge Areas
process Initia
knowledge
ting
Plan
ning
Executing
Scope
Time
Cost
Quality
Human Resource
Communication
Risk
Procurement
Integration
20
Monitoring
& Control
Closing
21
Project Scope
Management
Includes the processes required to ensure that the project
includes all the work and only the work required to
complete the project successfully.
Project Scope Management is primarily concerned with
controlling what is and what is not in the project
Remember, Scope Management include:
1. Constantly checking to make sure you are completing
all the work
2. Saying no to additional work not included in the project
or not part of the project charter
3. Preventing extra work or gold plating
22
Failure to Satisfy
Customer needs
AGUNG NUGROHO
23
Develop
Project
Charter
Develop
Preliminary
Project Scope
Statement
Project Charter
Preliminary Project
Scope Statement
Develop
Project
Management
Project Scope
Plan
Management Plan
Approved Change Requests
Approved Corrective Actions
Approved
Change
Requests
Scope
Scope
Planning
Definition
Requested Changes
Enterprise
Environmental
Factor
Requested Changes
Create WBS
Organizational
Process
Asset
Direct &
Manage
Project
Execution
Deliverables
Performance
Report
Performance
Reports
Close
Project
Scope
Verification
Work Performance Information
Organizational process
assets (updates)
Accepted Deliverables
Scope
Control
24
Requested Changes
Recommended Corrective Actions
Project Management Plan (Updates)
Project Scope Statement (Updates)
WBS (Updates)
WBS Dictionary (Updates)
Scope Baseline (Updates)
Integration
Change
Control
1. Scope Planning
Creating a project scope management plan that documents how
the project scope will be defined, verified, controlled, and how the
WBS will be created and defined
25
Scope Planning
Definition
The process of progressively elaborating
and documenting the project work (project
scope) that produces the product of the
project
26
Scope Statement
Identify the key deliverables of the project
Identify what to be done to deliver the
project
Output from Scope Planning
A basis to keep your project on track
27
Scope Misinterpretation
Good,
Lets get started
Im in a hurry.
A whole year to
build a house
here?
No problem.
28
Project Scope
Statement
Provides a basis for common understanding of the
project scope among all project stakeholders and
describes the projects major objectives.
Detailed project scope statement include:
Project objective
Product scope description
Project requirements
Project boundaries
Project deliverables
Product acceptance criteria
Project Constraint
Project assumptions
Approval requirement
29
Project Scope
Management Plan
The project scope management plan
provides guidance on how project
scope will be defined, documented,
verified, managed and controlled by
management team.
30
Scope
Management Plan
31
Project Charter
The project charter is the document that formally authorizes a project.
The project charter should address the following information:
1.
Requirement s that satisfy customer, sponsor, and other stakeholder needs,
wants and expectations
2.
Business needs, high level project description, or product requirements that the
project is undertaken to address
3.
Project Purpose or justification
4.
Assigned Project Manager and authority level
5.
Summary milestone schedule
6.
Stakeholder influences
7.
Functional organizations and their participation
8.
Organizational, environmental and external assumptions
9.
Organizational, environmental and external constraints
10. Business case justifying the project, including return of investment
11.
Summary Budget
32
2. Scope Definition
The process of developing a detailed project scope statement
as the basis for future project decisions
33
Scope Definition
A process to subdivide the major project
deliverables (as identified in the scope
statement) into smaller, more manageable
components in order to:
Improve accuracy of cost, duration and
resource estimates
Define a baseline for performance
measurement and control
Facilitate clear responsibility assignment
Proper scope definition is critical to Project
Success
34
3. Create WBS
Subdividing the major project deliverables and project
work into smaller, more manageable components.
35
Sample of WBS
LNG Project
1. Jetty & Harbor
1.1 Design
2.1 Design
3. Process Plant
4. Utility Plant
3.1 Design
4.1 Design
1.2 Procurement
2.2 Procurement
3.2 Procurement
4.2 Procurement
1.3 Construction
2.3 Construction
3.3 Construction
4.3 Construction
37
4. Scope Verification
Formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables
38
Scope Verification Vs
Quality Control
Scope Verification
Verification is primarily concerned with
acceptance of the work result
Formal acceptance: a documentation of client
approval for the deliverable (main), product of
each phase
Quality Control
Quality control is primarily concern with
correctness of the work result
Scope verification and QC process are generally
performed in parallel
39
Scope Verification
Include:
Reviewing work products and results to ensure
that all are completed correctly and
satisfactory
Conducting inspections, reviews, audits
Determining whether results conform to
requirements
Gaining formal sign-off
Documenting completion of deliverables
40
Inspection
Activities such as measuring,
examining, and verifying to
determine whether deliverables
conform to requirement
41
5. Scope Control
Controlling changes to the project scope
42
Scope Change
Control System
1.Is a system or mechanism that defines the
procedures by which the project scope may
be changed.
2.It includes: the documentation, tracking
systems, and approval levels necessary for
authorizing changes.
3.Any changes needs to be assessed whether
they have impact to cost, time, quality, etc.
4.Right changes are mostly value added
issues
43
WBS Dictionary
Is designed to control what work is done and
when, to prevent scope creep and to increase
understanding of the effort for each task
44
45