A

PRESENTATION
ON
NORTH
WESTERN
RAILWAY
SESSION:2015-16
SUBMITTED BY:RAHUL AGARWAL
COLLEGE ID:- 12EC59

INDIAN RAILWAY

It is one of the world's largest railway networks.

It is 162 years old.
It comprises 115,000km of track over a route of 65,436km and

7,172 stations.
Indian Railways is the world'sseventh largest commercial or utility
employer, by number of employees, with over 1.307 million
employees.

An introduction to North Western

Railway
TheNorth Western Railwayis one of the

sixteenrailwayzones inIndia.
This zone came into existence on October 1, 2002.
It is headquartered atJaipur.
It comprises four divisions: Ajmer, Bikaner, Jaipur
& Jodhpur.
Ajmer Division:This division is spread over the
states of Rajasthan and Gujarat.
This division has 130 stations and the total no. of
trains run over the division amounts to 36 in both
the passenger and mail/exp category.

Telecommunication in indian
railway
The telecommunication facilities of IR serve two
main purposes:
(i)Operational-for controlling and monitoring
daily
train movements.
(ii)Administrative
for
collecting
and
transmitting data from various activity centres
like passenger reservation system etc.
The telecommunication activities earlier used
infrastructure provided by the Bharat Sanchar
Nigam Limited (BSNL).

The Railway Reforms Committee (1983) had

recommended that IR should develop its own

network of telecommunication system
independent of BSNLfor transmitting data.
Indian Railway started (1988) laying optical
fibre cable(OFC).
Railtel Corporation of India Limited (RCIL) was
formed in 2001 to exploit surplus telecom
capacity created due to introduction of OFC.
RailTel Corporation is a Mini RatnaPSU.

Process Of Communication-

Stepsa. Input transduction

b. Processing(Amplification and
Modulation)**
c. Transmission**
d. Reception
e. Output transduction

METHODS OF COMMUNICATION IN INDIAN

RAILWAY
OPTICAL FIBER

COMMUNICATION
MICROWAVE
COMMUNICATION
RADIO COMMUNICATION

OPTICAL FIBER
COMMUNICATION
Optical fiber communicationis a method of
transmitting information from one place to another by
sending pulses of light through anoptical fiber. The
light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is
modulated to carry information.

Specification of OFC
Between major stations
Multiple links possible in

between
Fastest and secure
Largest band width
Frequency range
175THz to 220THz.
Can carry very large no.
of channels

Optical Fibre communication system

shall be provided for following types of
communication needs: Control Communication

with emergency
communication
Administrative voice
and data
communication.
For railway track
monitoring.
Mobile train radio
communication.

Microwave
communication
Sending , receiving the

information in form of
microwave.
Microwave freq. spectrum
is from 3Ghz to 300Ghz.
IR started using
microwave
communications (2GHz
and 7GHz (7.125GHz and
7.425GHz) for
administration, 8GHz and
18GHz for control
communications)

Microwave antenna
Due to directive

antenna the signal is

not spread , so
interference of other
communication
system is very
negligible.
At MW freq. there is
no atmospheric or
man made noise.
The only noise is
thermal noise .

Use of microwave
communication
Microwave links are an

alternative to optical
transmission.
Railway microwave
station provide
communication to
control room , railnet
and signaling
department.

Radio Communication(VHF)
Communication by Radio means the transfer of

intelligence from one point to another through space

using radiated electromagnetic energy (Radio Waves).
The frequency band of VHF Communication is 30 to 300
MHz.
The frequency allotted by WPC (Wireless Planning and
Coordination wing of ministry of communication) in VHF
for Indian Railways are in the band:
(a) 85.5 to 86.5 MHz (b) 146.2 to 167.95 MHz.
Communication in this range of frequencies is mainly
due to line of sight, reflection and scattering of waves.

USES OF RADIO COMMUNICATION

- Traffic Control
- Police Duties.
- Mobile Communication
- Point to point communication
- Multy - Rural Radio ( MARR)
Application
- Disaster management

Possible uses of VHF Communication on

Indian Railway are
Communication during Maintenance and Constructional

Blocks
Yard communication
Communication in the train in between Guard & Driver
Mobile Communication in between moving train/vehicle with
fixed
location(Station) or another moving train/ vehicle.
Emergency Communication.
Duplex VHF Sets are utilised for
- extension of exchange number to distant place.
- control working.( Train Traffic Control )/Patching.
- Universal Emergency Communication for communication
between driver, guard, station master & Cabin.

conclusion
We learn about working of communication

system in the railway

Gain knowledge about the instruments used
in those systems.

QUERIES ?????

u
o
y
k
than