Journey from conventional grid to smart

Grid

R. Chandrasekaran,
CM /TPS II Neyveli
Lignite Corporation Ltd

M.G. Morshad , ACM /

TPS II
Neyveli Lignite
Corporation Ltd

Electrical energy & countrys development

Classification of countries depending upon the human development index.
1) Developed countries,2) Developing countries, 3) Underdeveloped countries

Human devolvement index :

1)Per capita income (Wealth), 2)Life expectancy (Health), 3)Adult literacy

(Education)

Per capita income :

1) Gross Domestic Product (GDP), 2) Inflow of foreign currency

GDP :
1) Agriculture , 2) Industry, 3) Service

Growth of these three sectors depend upon the power consumption.

Therefore per capita electricity consumption is directly linked to per capita income
Per capita electricity consumption :
1) Availability of electrical energy 2) Cost per KWhr of energy.

Availability of electrical energy at lowest cost is the key factor for the
development of any country.

PER CAPITA ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION : COMPARATIVE POSITION

(kWh)
Sl. No.

Country

Year2008

Canada

17053

USA

13647

Australia

11174

Japan

8072

France

7703

Germany

7148

Korea

8853

UK

6067

Russia

6443

10

Italy

5656

11

South Africa

4770

12

Brazil

2232

High lights of Indian power sector

It is the 4th largest power grid in the world. Installed capacity: 205GW.

Generation & transmission is largely dominated by government owned utilities.

Distribution is mainly owned by state electricity board
Generators are operated on ABT ( Availability Based Tariff) basis for narrowing
the gap between demand & supply
Grid is controlled by 5 regional control centers and 1 national control center.
Huge potential of other energy source
Very high T&D losses in transmission & distribution sectors - about 30%
(>50% in several states!)
400 million+ people have no access to power
Large parts of the country experiences power cuts for several hours every day
which force the customers to keep storage (invertors)/ auto generation facilities.
Power quality being poor, consumers require voltage stabilizers, UPS etc.

Electrical energy
Availability :
1. Energy source ( Renewable & Non renewable)
2. Life ( Depletion rate )
3. Environmental impact ( Pollution)
4. Energy density of the source ( KWhr/Kg , KWHr / Area, KWhr/ Volume)
5. Demand side Management ( Reducing peak load deficiency )
6. Efficiency improvement & energy conservation.

Cost
7. Cost of fuel used( Type of fuel & transportation cost)
8. Cost of generation technology used ( Thermal, Hydral, Nuclear, wind ,Solar etc.)
9. Energy conversion efficiency
10. Transmission & distribution cost ( Distance from generation point to load centre)
11. Technical loss in transmission & distribution (technology used)
12. Commercial loss in distribution ( Meter error, theft)
13. Operating mechanism ( Isolate, Interconnected / Integrated)

Availability of electrical energy

Total installed capacity (GW)

209.27 GW

Available base load supply (MU)

893371 MU

Available peak load supply (GW)

125.23 GW

Demand base load (MU)

985317 MU

Demand peak load (GW)

140.09 GW

Year

T & D Loss

AT & C Loss

2003-04

32.53%

34.78%

2004-05

31.25%

34.33%

2005-06

30.42%

33.02%

2006-07

28.65%

30.62%

2007-08

27.20%

29.45%

2008-09

25.47%

27.37%

2009-10

25.39%

26.58%

2010-11

23.97%

26.15%

Energy Cost

Energy
source

GENERATI
ON (40%)

TRANSMISSION
(95%)
POWER GRID
DISTRIBUTION
(85%)

Lighting
Lighting
Lighting
Lighting
Heating
Heating
Heating
Heating
UTILIZATION (80%)
Pumping
Pumping Pumping
Pumping
Machinin
Machinin Machinin
Machinin
g
g
g
g
Combined efficiency = 0.4 x 0.95 x 0.85 x 0.8 = 0.25 = 25%
For utilizing one unit of energy , customer has to pay the cost of 4 unit
of energy source.
Availability of energy source , Improving efficiency , Energy
conservation , Reduction in AT & C loss are the Key factors for

Losses in Transmission & distribution

Minimum

Maximu
m

EHV Transmission Line

(400kV/745 KV)

0.5 %

1%

Transmission Line
(230kV/132 KV /110 kV),

1.5%

3%

Distribution line
(66KV/33kV/22KV /11kV)

2%

4.5%

Sub Distribution line (HT &

LT)
(6.6 KV/ 3.3KV /440V/230V)

3%

7%

TOTAL

7%

15.5%

Optimum losses

Transmissi
on

Distributio
n

Conventional electrical power grid

Electrical Power grid is the network / interconnection of equal
voltage transmission lines for transmitting electrical power
generated by various generating station to the distribution points .
It consists of transmission lines & substations at strategic location
for interconnection of transmission lines
Controlling reactive power by Shunt reactor / capacitor bank
Controlling voltage by changing taps in transformer
Capturing data (voltage, frequency , phase angle) required for
monitoring load flow and protection of grid equipment
( transmission line, Bus , transformer etc.)

conventional power grid

HVDC Link
to other
region

SG
S
io
but
i
r
t
Dis
n

State
Grid

SG
S

ICT
al

ICT

ri

Re
Gr gio
id n

CG
S

st
Di
n

tio
u
b

CG
S

power grid zones in India

Limitation in conventional grid

Centralized power generation
Generation has to follow the demand / Load to maintain frequency
One directional power flow
As the line impedance increase with length , conventional grid can
not be expanded beyond certain limit due to decrease in stability limit
and increase in loss
Inflexible in nature since it can not be directly connected to the other
grid which is operating in different voltage and frequency.
Power flow can not be directed to the desire route
Line can not be loaded optimally.

Disadvantages of conventional grid

As the generation station remains disintegrated , availability of
energy supply can not be ensured.
Due setting up of generating station nearer to the load centre,
transportation cost of the fuel becomes high and it is directly reflected
in the energy cost.
Peak load deficiency can not be predicted properly. It depends on
historical data.
Grid stability always remains as a threat .

Limitation in conventional Distribution system

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Not possible for dynamic load prediction & management

No provision for asset management
No automatic control over metering & consumption
No provision for energy audit
No provision for automatic PF improvement

Disadvantages of conventional distribution system

Suffer from high Aggregate Technical and commercial (AT&C) Loss
Factors for high commercial losses can not be controlled
1. Theft and unauthorized connection
2. Tampering of billing meter
3. Erratic meter / unmetered consumers
Factor for high technical loss can not be controlled
4. Improper load prediction and management
5. Poor quality of equipment
6. Inadequate PF improvement facility
7. Haphazard growth to meet short term goal
8. Utilization of long low voltage lines

Average AT & C Lossess in India

Year

T & D Loss

AT & C Loss

2003-04

32.53%

34.78%

2004-05

31.25%

34.33%

2005-06

30.42%

33.02%

2006-07

28.65%

30.62%

2007-08

27.20%

29.45%

2008-09

25.47%

27.37%

2009-10

25.39%

26.58%

2010-11

23.97%

26.15%

Steps taken to reduce AT & C Loss

APDRP (Accelerated Power Development & Reforms Programme) &
RGGVY (Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojna )
Period of implementation : X th plan (2002 2007)
Purpose : Strengthening and upgrading of sub-transmission and distribution
systems
Aim : To bring down AT & C loss to 15% and to provide access of electricity to
all
R-APDRP (Restructured APDRP)
Period of implementation : XI th plan (2007 2012)
Purpose : implementation of IT , SCADA, technology in substation automation.
Aim : To ensure availability of electricity to all with bring down AT & C loss to
15% .
Smart grid
Period of implementation : By XIVth plan (2023 2027)
Purpose : Installation of smart energy meter using mobile network.
Aim : To ensure availability of electricity to all with bring down AT & C loss to
15% .

Concept of smart grid

The primary objective of smart grid concept is to reduce the faster
depletion rate of non renewable energy source by integrating
distribution generation and renewable source of energy through an
improved flexible, communicative transmission & distribution
network which shall make it reliable and efficient enough to
ascertain supply of electrical energy to the customer at cheapest
cost.

Components required for converting

conventional grid to smart grid
Smart Grid Concept
Integration of distributed generation

Components
FACT, HVDC

through flexible transmission line

Integration of renewable energy

Micro grid

source
Communicative Transmission

SCADA & PMU

system
Communicative distribution system

Software base energy

meter (AMI)

Interconnection lines between zones

Interconnection of zones through the High Voltage AC (HVAC)
transmission lines having the following disadvantages :
1. Transmission loss increases with the increase of line length and
after a certain distance of line length, transmission becomes
uneconomical.
2. High cost of erection & maintenance since it needs minimum three
lines which require more ROW (right of way) for towers.
3. As the AC power flow through the lines , is not possible to control,
problem like overloading of short line and light loading of long line
is always exist since line impedance is directly proportional to line
length.
4. Grid stability limit decreases with the expansion of network
5. Short circuit current limit decreases with the expansion of net
work.

High Voltage DC Transmission line

Considering disadvantages of HVAC, HVDC lines are preferred
for long distance transmission line due to the following
advantages: 1. Transmission losses do not increase with the increase of line length
since no reactance for DC lines.
2. Low cost of erection and maintenance since it needs maximum two
lines which requires less ROW (right of way) for towers .
3. Power flow can be controlled and hence overloading / light loading of
lines is avoided.
4. Bidirectional power flow is possible ( Back to Back )
5. Because of asynchronous nature of HVDC line, connection between
two grids of different voltage and frequency is possible.
6. It increase the grid stability limit since it damps power swings & sub
synchronous frequencies of generator and it does not transmit the
fault in one side of AC system to other side of the AC system.

Inter Grid connection through HVDC link

Back to back
1. Both converters are in the same area, usually in the same building.
2. The length of the direct current line is kept as short as possible.
3. It is used for coupling of electricity grids of different frequencies /
same nominal frequency but no fixed phase relationship
4. The DC voltage in the intermediate circuit can be selected freely at
HVDC back-to-back stations because of the short conductor length.
5. The DC voltage is usually selected to be as low as possible, in order
to reduce the size of convertors to be accommodated in a same
station

HVDC IN INDIA
Back-to-Back
HVDC LINK

CONNECTING
REGION

CAPACITY
(MW)

Vindyachal

North West

2 x 250

Chandrapur

West South

2 x 500

Vizag I

East South

500

Sasaram

East North

500

Vizag II

East South

500

Monopole & bipolar

1. It may be used for grounded return
path or metallic return path .
2. There are certain disadvantages in
grounded return path system.
Therefore metallic return path
system is preferred.
3. Two lines are used for
transmission . One is for power flow
other for return path. Return path
does not require insulation since it
remains grounded at converters
points,
4. It is designed as future expansion
of bipolar line.
5. Bi polar is the combination of two
monopole
6. thus it increase the power handling
capacity twice by using the same
transmission line
7. In case of fault in one pole, it can
be operated with half of the total

HVDC IN INDIA
Bipolar
HVDC LINK

CONNECTING
REGION

CAPACITY
(MW)

LINE
LENGTH

Rihand Dadri

North-North

1500

815

Chandrapur Padghe

West - West

1500

752

Talcher
Kolar

East South

2500

1367

Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS)

V1,

V2,

Surge Impedance Loading

(SIL)

BUS 1

BUS 2

9
0

P = (V1.V2/ X) Sin (1 -2) =

(V1.V2/ X) Sin.
Power flow is proportional to the inverse of the transmission line
impedances (X).
Long distance line always operates at light load with higher receiving
end voltage.
Short distance always gets over loaded.
As a result of these phenomena, conventional grid is operated with
following drawbacks 1. Power flow cannot be directed to the desired / contractual route
resulting in increase of transmission loss due to looping & parallel
effect.
2. Underutilization of Transmission line capacity since line is loaded up

Looping & parallel effects

This difference between the
contract path (scheduled flow)
and the free flow path (actual
flow) is called loop flow.

In this case, power was intended to go from

bus 1 to bus 2. But if the line impedance
from bus 1 to 3 is smaller than the
impedance in line 1-2, power will also flow
through 1-3. This may result in overloading
of line 1-3, which causes a decrease in the
power delivered from bus 1 to 2, which in
turn causes the under utilization of line 1-2.
This problem is called parallel flow.

Controlling effect on loading of line

Without any control

With control,
installing capacitor in
line AC

Loading of Line
V1,

V2,

Surge Impedance Loading

(SIL)

BUS 1

BUS 2

9
0

Loading capacity of line depends upon :

1. Phase angle : Deviation of phase angle increases with the increase
of distance.
2. Voltage drop limit : voltage magnitude decreases with increase of
distance
3. Thermal Limit loading : Generation heat that cause sag and loss of
tensile strength.
Since
phase
shift and
voltage
line loading is
SIL
gives
a general
idea
of the drop cause instability
For 132KV, Line:
decided
on theofbasis
loading
capability
the line ,
L= 0.001218 H/KM/Phase
2
of SIL.
due to underutilization
SIL
= (VThat
/Zs),increases the transmission costC=0.00882
F/KM, P to N of
line.
Where
Zs = (L/C)1/2 = 0.3716
1/2
Zs = Surge Impedance = (L/C)
SIL = V2/Zs = 46.89 MW
Where,
L = Inductance ( per Phase) of line,

Maximum Minimum operating voltage limit

for transmission & distribution - as per
Indian grid code

Loading of Line

V1=400 kV and X=100 Ohm

SIL & Thermal loading of Line

Fundamentals of FACT

Alternating current
transmission systems
incorporating power
electronics-based and
other static
controllers to
enhance
controllability and
increase power
transfer capability

Constraints on Useable Transmission Capacity

Dynamic
Transient and
dynamic stability
Subsynchronous
oscillations
Dynamic over
voltages and under
voltages
Voltage collapse
Frequency collapse

Steady-State
Uneven power
flow
Excess reactive
power flows
Voltage capability
Thermal capability

Fundamentals of FACT
P

Surge
Impedance
Loading (SIL)

90

VR

VS

jXI

1. Phase angle () increase with the

increase of power flow it leads to
instability
2. Line impedance increase with
increase of line length it leads to
voltage drop
3. Hence controlling line impedance ,
it is possible to control the flow of
power without the threat of grid
instability.

VA

- Vinj +

VB

VB

Vinj

VA
VS

jX

VR

VSVR
PSR
sin
X

- Vinj + V
R

VR
PSR

Vinj

jXI

VS

Basic Operating principle of FACT

Reactive power is generated or absorbed by the
shunt inverter to control bus voltage
Reactive power is generated or absorbed by the
series inverter to control the real and/or reactive
power flow on the transmission line

Series controller for active

& reactive power flow
Shunt controller for
Controlling Bus
voltage

FACTS Controllers

Static VAR Compensator SVC

( Shunt

reactor / Capacitor)

Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator TCSC

Thyristor Controlled Phase Angle
Regulator - TCPAR
Static Synchronous Compensator StatCom
Solid State Series Compensator - SSSC
Unified Power Flow Controller - UPFC

Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM)

It is a static synchronous generator as shunt static var compensator

whose capacitive or inductive current can be controlled
independent of the system voltage. The STATCOM scheme works in
parallel with AC power grid system and is controlled by a dynamic
controller

Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC)

It is a static synchronous generator operated without an external energy

source as a series compensator. The o/p voltage is in quadrature with
line voltage and controllable independently of the line current. It
increases or decreases the overall reactive voltage drop across the line
and thereby control the transmitted electric power.

Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC)

The UPFC scheme consists of two basic switching power converter

namely shunt and series converters connected to each other through
a dc link capacitor. The shunt converter operates exactly as
STATCOM for reactive power compensation and voltage stabilization.
The series converter operates as SSSC to control the real power flow.

UPFC - Operating principle

A portion of the real power flow on the
transmission line is drawn from the bus by the
shunt inverter to charge the DC capacitor.
Real power is inserted into the line through the
series inverter.

UPFC - Capabilities
Increase transmission line capacity
Direct power flow along selected lines
Powerful system oscillation damping
Voltage support and regulation
Control of active and reactive power flow at both
sending- and receiving-end

Monitoring & controlling

Grid stability
Maintaining Voltage, Frequency & phase angle within its limit at any instant of time
1. Monitoring: Making availability of operating data at the required nodal points.
2. Communication : Ensuring transfer of operating data in real time.
3. Control: Processing of data for visualizing faults/abnormal conditions and
initiating corrective action.
4. Protection : Actuation of protective device within the allowable time
5. Reliability: Ensuring the availability of protection & control mechanism round the
clock.
6. Security : Protecting control & monitoring system against any internal / external
threat & disturbance

SCADA / EMS Mechanism

Regional Load Despatch

Centre
State Load Despatch Centre

Supervisory level

Area Load Despatch Centre

MODE
M

MODE
M

MODE
M

MODE
M

RTU

RTU

Process level
Communication level (PLCC,
Microwave, Fiber Optic ,
Data acquisition & command
actuation level.
Field Interface level

CT

PT
Switchyard
Bus
(GEN
STATION)

PT

CT
Switchyard
Bus
(SUB
STATION)

Field instrumentation & field data

generation level

Communication Links

Approximate % Usages in India

PLCC

50%

Micro wave

15%

Fiber Optic

35%

GSM / GPRS

<1 %

V Satellite

5%

Communication link
Fiber-optic cables
Microwave links

Associated delay one way (milliseconds)

~ 100-150
~ 100-150

Power line (PLC)

~ 150-350

Telephone lines

~ 200-300

Satellite link

~ 500-700

ica
Co
ion mm
un

a
nic

Visualize
d
Control

mu

Data
Samplin
g

Control
Room
Comput
e

m
Co
ion

Effect of communication delay

Data
Samplin
g

In conventional technology, because of communication

delay, control can not be effected on real time basis ,

Synchrophasor technology
Synchrophasor technology is the latest development in this field which is
found to be capable of monitoring and controlling of power grid on real time
basis due to synchronize operation.
The heart of this system is PMU (Phasor Measuring Unit).

If SCADA is considered as X
Ray analysis

Synchorophasor technology is
to be considered as MRI
analysis

Synchrophasor Fundamentals
Phasor is a cosine function representation of a sinusoidal signal with
magnitude A, frequency and phase . A is the rms value of the
voltage/current

Two phasor
representations
Polar
coordinates
Rectangular
Coordinates:

Time synchronized measurement of phasor is termed as synchrophasor

Synchrophasor Fundamentals

Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)

It a transducer that converts three-phase analog signal of voltage or current into
Synchrophasors

PMU Measuring methodology

Sample the continuous voltage or current
signal. The figure shows 12 points per
cycle (the sampling rate is 12x60 = 720
Hz).
Use Discrete Fourier Series (DFS/ DFT)
method to compute the magnitude and
phase of the signal (i.e., applying DFS
formula).
Calculate magnitude and phase for
each phase of the 3-phase quantity
Using one period of data reduces the
effect of measurement noise
PMUs measure (synchronously):
Positive sequence voltages and
currents
Phase voltages and currents
Local frequency
Local rate of change of frequency

PMU Connection

PMU Location in the network

Phase angular difference between the two locations is

determined by synchronizing the two local clocks with
pulses obtained from GPS satellites.

Time synchronization of PMU

GPS (Global Positioning System)

There are 24 satellites developed by US dept of defense orbiting earth at 20,200 km

They are available freely for civilian use.
Other than navigation use, it also provides time reference:
4 satellites are needed for knowing timing and location position.
Satellites have atomic clocks
It provides coordinated universal time (UTC) which is international atomic time
compensated for leap seconds for slowing of earths rotations
It also provide accurate timing pulse every second with an accuracy of 1 microsecond

Integrating of micro grid

Renewable energy source : Solar, Wind, mini Hydro, Tidal,
Geothermal etc remains untapped due to the following reasons;
1. Low capacity scattered over a vast area ( low energy concentration
ratio)
2. Confined to their respective geological location and operates
independently
3. Generation capacity purely depends on natural condition.
. Energy cost of renewable energy source is found higher.
. Under the smart grid mechanism, it is possible to reduce the energy
cost of renewable energy drastically .
. Renewable energy sources available in that area is interconnected
economically to form a small power grid of required voltage. This type
of grid is referred as micro grid.
. Micro grid is connected to Battery bank to store the energy when
the gap between supply and demand is positive and discharge when
the gap is negative.
.

Source

Potential (MW)

Bio-mass

62,000

Wind-power

45,000

Small Hydro-power

15,000

Co-generation - Bagasse

5000

Waste to energy

5000

Rural Distributed Power

30,000

Captive Distributed: industrial /

commercial

20,000

Total

182,000

Solar Power

4-7 kWh/sq m/day

Renewal energy installed capacity in India (2012)

Type

Technology

Installed capacity (in

MW)

Wind

18420.40

Small Hydro

3496.14

Bagasse Cogeneration

2239.63

Biomass

1248.60

Solar

1176.25

Waste to Energy

96.08

Grid connected power

Total

26677.10

Off-grid, captive power

Biomass non-bagasse
cogen
Biomass Gasifiers
Industrial

426.04
138.90

Waste to Energy-Urban

113.60

SPV Systems (>1kW)

106.33

Integrating of micro grid

Integrating of micro grid

Combines Energy Storage, Solar Generation, Electrical Vehicle Charging and

building load management
Can be operated both grid-connected and island-mode with full bumpless
transfer
Functionality includes renewable smoothing, peak shaving, VAR control and EV
charge leveling

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

1.Provide interface between the utility and its
customers
2.Bi-direction control & communication
3.Advanced functionality
Real-time electricity pricing
Accurate load characterization (DMS)
Outage detection/restoration (Aseset
Management)

Communication from customer to distribution centre: This helps

the distribution centre to visualize remotely load pattern, peak load
demand and healthiness of the distribution network. With the help of this
data, distribution centre can schedule the demand in more realistic
manner, manage the assets involves in the distribution network
(Transformer, Overhead lines, Underground cables etc.) by knowing %
loading. As result of this mechanism, efficiency of the distribution
network is increased substantially.
Communication from distribution centre to customer.
Distribution centre can remotely disable the function of AMI, if the bill is
not paid by the customer within the stipulated period. This help to
reduce the commercial loss.

Bi-direction control & communication

GPRS, 3G,
Ethernet,

Communication with home appliance / less important equipment

Whenever demand becomes higher than supply, frequency falls from its
rated condition. In that condition AMI sense the frequency and disable the
operation of home appliance / less important equipment through specially
programmed software provided exclusively for those appliance /
equipments. It helps to reduce the peak load demand automatically and
therefore power supply can be assured without any interruption.

Conventional Grid

Smart Grid

Transmission system

AC (Inflexible in nature)

FACT & HVDC (Flexible in nature)

Monitoring Controlling

SCADA

SCADA & PMU

Communication

PLCC

Optical fibers cable , Satellite & GPS

technology

Metering

Conventional metering without

communication facility.

Advance Metering Instrument (AMI) with

communication & data storing facility.

Network integration

Integration with mini & micro grid

formed by solar, wind & hydroelectric
plant is not economically viable.

Integration with mini & micro grid formed by

solar, wind & hydroelectric plant is
economically viable.

Grid Stability

Limited

Unlimited due to self healing capability

Availability of energy supply to

customer

Not ensured

Ensured

Asset Management

Not possible

Possible

Cost of transmission line

High due to uneconomical loading ,

high ROW etc.

Optimum due to economical loading and low

ROW

Cost of control & monitoring

system

Low

High

Possibility of human error

High

Nil

Possibility of pilferage

High

Nil

AT & C Loss

high

Optimum

Cost of energy

High

Optimum

Objectives of Smart grid in Indian context

Customers:
Expand access to electricity Power for All
Improve reliability of supply to all customers no power cuts, no more DG sets
and inverters!
Improve quality of supply no more voltage stabilizers!
User friendly and transparent interface with utilities
Utilities:
Reduction of T&D losses in all utilities to 15% or below
Peak load management multiple options
Reduction in power purchase cost
Better asset management
Increased grid visibility
Self healing grid
Renewable integration
Government & Regulators:
Satisfied customers
Financially sound utilities
Tariff neutral system upgrade and modernization
Reduction in emission intensity

Road map Indian power grid

12th Plan (2012 2017)
1. Access to Electricity for All
2. Reduction of transmission losses (>66 kV) to below 3%
3. Reduction of AT&C losses in all Distribution Utilities to below 15%
4. Reduction in Power Cuts; Life line supply to all by 2015; grid connection
of all consumer end generation facilities where feasible
5. Renewable integration of 30 GW; and EV trials
6. Improvement in Power Quality and Reliability
7. ToU (Time of Use) Tariff
8. Energy Efficiency Programs
9. Standards Development for Smart Grids including EVs
10. Strengthening of EHV System
11. Efficient Power Exchanges
12. Research & Development, Training & Capacity Building
13. Customer Outreach & Participation
14. Sustainability Initiatives
15.SG Pilots, SG roll out in major cities

Road map Indian power grid

13th Plan (2017 2022)
1. Reduction of transmission losses (>66 kV) to below 2%
2. Reduction of AT&C losses to below 12% in all Utilities
3. Improvement in Power Quality
4. End of Power Cuts; peaking power plants; Electrification of all households
by 2020
5. Nationwide smart meter roll out
6. Renewable integration of 70 GW; 5% EV penetration
7. Standards Development for Smart Infrastructure (SEZ, Buildings,
Roads/Bridges, Parking lots, Malls) and Smart Cities
8. UHV and EHV Strengthening
9. Research & Developments; Training & Capacity Building
10. Export of SG products, solutions and services to overseas
11. Customer Outreach & Participation
12. Sustainability Initiatives & Public Safety

Road map Indian power grid

14th Plan (2022 2027)
1. Reduction of AT&C losses to below 10% in all Utilities
2. Financially viable utilities
3. Stable 24x7 power supply to all categories of consumers all across the country
4. Renewable integration of 120 GW; 10% EV penetration
5. Smart Cities and Smarter Infrastructures
6. Export of SG products, solutions and services to overseas
7. Research & Development; Training & Capacity Building
8. Active Participation of consumers
9. Sustainability Initiatives & Public Safety

Thank you