Sea Water Pretreatment

Shaanxi Northwest Power

Generation Operation Co., Ltd.


Sea Water Pretreatment

205m3

Pretreatment is the first step of water treatment; it is mainly

for the water source of sea water and surface water, for they
contain a lot of suspending matter and organic matter which
require coagulation, sedimentation and filtration to have
suspending matter removed so as to prepare the water for
demineralization. Sea water makeup water amount for this
power plant is about 205m3. Sea water is pumped to
pretreatment station and flows through tube mixer,
sedimentation pond, air scrubbing gravity filtration pond and
finally flows into clear water pond. The clear water is then
pumped into desalination equipment.


Sea Water Pretreatment


Procedures of Sea Water
Pretreatment
Sea Water

Sea Water Makeup Water Tank

Sterilizer

Tube
Mixer

Flocculation
Pond

Sedimentation

Coagulant Coagulant
Aid
Air Brushing Gravity Filtration Pond

Desalination Equipment

Sea Water Lift Pump

Clear Water Pond

Desalination System

Overview

The sea water after pretreatment is pumped to

desalination system by sea water lift pump.
Sea water flows through the self-cleaning
filters at the pump outlet and enters
desalination house through feeding pipes.


Desalination System

Procedures

NaHSO3

RO

RO


Desalination System

Procedures
Coagulant
Sea
Water
Lift Pump

Scale Inhibitor

NaHSO3

H2SO4

Multi-media Filter

Safety Filter

Backwash
Water Tank

Brackish
Water Tank

Brackish
Water RO

Concentrate
Intermediate Water Pump

Alkali

Brackish
HP Pump

Water

Backwash Water Tank

Demineralization System

Intermediate
Water Tank

Sea Water HP Pump

Energy Recovery Device

RO Device


Desalination System

pH

In the above procedure, coagulant is added to water before multi-media filters to remove
foreign matter such as suspending matter and gel through direct flow coagulation and
filtration. Water then flows through safety filters. Before entering the safety filters, water is
dosed with the following three chemicals to achieve corresponding purposes: sulphuric acid
is dosed to regulate pH value so as to prevent carbonate scaling in the reverse osmosis
(RO) equipment; scale inhibitor is dosed to prevent sulphate scaling and other scaling in the
RO equipment; NaHSO3 is dosed to prevent oxidizing substance from entering the RO
equipment. Sea water is of high salinity; it flows successively through sea water RO and
brackish water RO to get desalinated. Water after desalination enters brackish water tank,
which is prior to demineralization process which will happen in the mixed bed.

The above system contains filter backwash system, chemical cleaning system and RO
equipment water wash system.


Equipment Description

57%

Sea water is pumped to desalination system by sea water feeding pump in the main cooling
water pump house. Sea water feeding pump outlet is equipped with self-cleaning filters. Water
from the outlet filters enters desalination house through pipes. As sea water is of high salinity
and high osmosis pressure, the HP pump outlet pressure is therefore very high, providing a
high pressure to first stage RO water discharge outlet. In the system, energy recovery
equipment is installed to make full use of the high pressure; about 57% sea water flows in the
reverse osmosis way to increase pressure, which saves energy. Water from the RO enters
intermediate water tank, where the water is dosed with alkali to get rid of CO 2 and then enters
into second stage RO. Water from the second stage RO enters brackish water tank. The
concentrate is recycled to backwash tank for circulated use. The system contains filter
backwash system, chemical cleaning system and RO equipment water wash system.


Equipment Description

Filter backwash system consists of backwash water tanks,

backwash water pumps, Roots blowers and related pipes and
equipment. Chemical cleaning system consists of detergent
tanks, clean water pumps, safety filters and related pipes and
equipment. Water to dissolve chemicals is generally from
second stage RO.