GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, CHANDRAPUR

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2014-15

ARM CORTEX ( LPC 2148 ) BASED MOTOR SPEED CONTROL

GUIDED BYPROF.S.P.JOLHE
PRESENTED BY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

UDAY D. WANKAR
GOPAL K. MOTI
PRATIK A. SAKHARKAR
KUNAL R. PATIL
SURENDRA M. BUTALE
VILAS J. DORLE

7. VARSHA V. HIWARE
8. LAKSHMI SINGH
9. RUPALI N. GHTUKE

Introduction
AC motors have been widely used for the industries since
earliest days of electrical engineering.
The project is designed to control the speed of a DC and AC
motor using ARM7 LPC2148 processor .
This project uses the PWM principle to control the speed of the
motor by varying the duty cycle of the pulses applied to it known
as PWM Control.
The project uses the input button interfaced to the processor.
A motor driver IC is interfaced to the ARM7 LPC2148 processor
board for receiving PWM Signal.

HARDWARE REQUIRED

Power Supply

LPC 2148 Development Board

LCD

Control switch board

L293D Driver IC

Optocoupler (MOC 3021)

TRIAC BT136

Snubber Circuit

Working Principle

If voltage across motor terminal is varied, then speed can

also be varied. This project uses the above principle to
control the speed of the motor by varying the duty cycle of
the pulses applied to it, popularly known as PWM control.

The average voltage given or the average current flowing

through the motor will change depending on the duty cycle,
ON and OFF time of the pulses, so the speed of the motor
will change.

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)

what is it?

Output signal alternates between on and off within specified

period

Controls power received by a device

The voltage seen by the load is directly proportional to the

source voltage

Definition

Duty Cycle: on-time / period

Vlow is often zero

VAVG DVHI (1 D)VLOW

PWM signals of varying duty cycles

Block diagram of our system

Architecture of implemented system

ARM LPC2148

32 bit ARM7 microcontroller in a tiny LQFP64

package.

40kb of on-chip RAM.

512kb of on-chip flash memory.

High speed 60 MHz operation.

Two analog to digital converters(10 bit).

Total 14 ADC inputs in LPC2148.

6 PWM outputs.

Pin diagram of LPC2148

Control Switches

On pressing clockwise or anticlockwise button ,LPC

configure output for clockwise or anticlockwise
direction.

On pressing low sped or high speed button motor start

rotation in clockwise direction.

DC motor driver circuit

L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver integrated circuit

(IC).Motor drivers act as current amplifiers since they take a
low-current control signal and provide a higher-current
signal.

Features:

Wide supply-voltage range:4.5V to 36V

Separate input-logic supply

Internal ESD protection

Thermal shutdown

High-Noise-Immunity input

Output current 1A per channel(600 mA for L293D)

Output clamp diodes for inductive Transient

Suppresion (L293D)

Schematic of L293D

AC motor driver

Ac motor driver circuit uses optoisolator MOC3021, TRIAC

BT136 and snubber circuit. The process is carried out at high
frequency, switching load on and OFF thereby controlling power
to the load.

Optoisolator (MOC3021)

Optoisolator MOC3021 is 6 pin IC & is made up of light

emitting diode and DIAC which are Electrically isolated.

Optoisolator allows two circuit to exchange signal yet

remain electrically isolated.

The light is proportional to the signal, so the signal is

transferred to the photodiac.

This is the principle used in opto triac and opto SCRs

which are readily available in IC form.

The isolation between low power and high power circuits

in this optically connected device is several thousand volts.

Optoisolator MOC3021 is mainly used as TRIAC driver in

this project

TRIAC

TRIAC is a bidirectional triode thyristor.

It can be triggered by either a positive or negative voltage

being applied to its gate electrode.

TRIAC is allowing the control of very large power flows with

mA-scale control currents for ac circuit.

Applying trigger pulse at a controllable point in a AC cycle

allows one to control the percentage of the current that flows
through TRIAC to the load.

Snubber circuit

The main function of snubber circuit is to improve the

switching behavior of the TRIAC at turn off.

It is often designed with a network made of a resistor R

and a capacitor C, the SNUBBER circuit.

This circuit can also be used to improve TRIAC

immunity to fast transient voltages.

Result of DC motor Control

PWM signals from LPC2148 is given to L293D which

controls 12V or greater voltage by 5V dc from PWM
pins.

At 30% duty cycle PWM signals, DC motor runs at low

speed.

At 90% duty cycle PWM signals, DC motor runs at high

speed.

Result of AC motor Control

50% PWM signal is given to MOC3021, DIAC in

MOC3021 triggers triac gate only 50% of single pulse
i.e. TRIAC is on for 50% of time. AC motor runs at
lower speed.

90% PWM signal is given to MOC3021, DIAC in

MOC3021 triggers triac gate only 90% of single pulse
i.e. TRIAC is on for 90% of time. AC motor runs at
higher speed.

Conclusion
1.

The main aim of this project is to control the speed of motor

using PWM technique by ARM processor.

2.

Implementation is easy and understandable.

3.

User friendly project.

Thank you!!!!