Motion
Motion an objects change
in position relative to a
reference point.
The Earths surface is
used as a common
reference point
A moving object can be
used as a reference
point as well
Speed
Speed is the distance traveled divided by
the time interval during which the motion
occurred.
Normally, objects do not travel at a
constant speed.
Average Speed =total distance (m)
total time (s)
Velocity
Velocity is the speed of an object in a
particular direction.
Imagine two birds leave the same tree at the
same time.
They both fly at 10km/hr for 5 minutes.
Why dont they end up at
the same place?
Velocity
Velocity appears to be very similar to
speed, however, when describing the
velocity of an object you need to
provide a magnitude and a direction.
Magnitude the speed of the object.
Direction the direction in which the
object is moving.
Velocity = total displacement (m)
total time (s)
Acceleration
Acceleration is the rate at which velocity
changes over time.
Average acceleration (m/s2) =
final velocity(m/s) starting velocity(m/s)
time taken to change velocity (s)
As velocity increases, so does acceleration
As velocity decreases, so does acceleration
When direction changes, so does
acceleration
When there is a constant velocity, there is
Equations of motions
Acceleration (m/s2) =
final velocity(m/s) starting velocity(m/s)
time taken to change velocity (s)
a = v - u
t
s = (u + v) t
2
s = ut + 1at2
2
v2 = u2 + 2as
Steady velocity
Zero velocity
Uniform
Deceleration
Non
Uniform
decelera
tion
Energy
Energy Transfers
Energy Transfers
Elastic or Inelastic?
In an inelastic collision,
energy is lost and the
deformation may be
permanent.
Air Bags
Head restraints
Falling bodies
Measuring g
where s = distance/displacement(m)
t = time taken(s)
u = initial velocity(m/s)(balls starts from rest)
a = g(m/s)(acceleration due to gravity)
s = (0)t + 1gt2
2
g = 2s
t2