System
Aim of Seminar
To know piping design basics by going through
the following points:
Each system be it vessel or piping has some base pressuretemperature rating. This is essentially the pressure
temperature rating of the weakest member of the system.
This can be translated that no minor component (valve,
flange, etc) shall be the weakest link.
The key components of the design conditions are the
design pressure and the design temperature.
Design pressure is defined as the most severe sustained
pressure which results in the greatest component thickness
and the highest component pressure rating.
Design temperature is defined as the sustained pipe metal
temperature representing the most severe conditions of
coincident pressure and temperature.
Code Equation:
tm = PDo/2(SEq + PY) + A = t + A
where:
P = Internal design pressure
Do = pipe outside diameter
S = the pipe material allowable stress, S is for the
listed pipe material at hot temperature
E = quality factor
Y = stress-temperature compensating factor.
Questions
.
The branch & run angle between 45 and 90 deg. And the
axes intersect.
The principle is that the area removed by the opening is
added or accounted for as added reinforcement or excess
area due to thickness above the pressure requirements.
d1 = effective length removed from the run at the branch,
d1 = Db or d1 = [Db - (Tb-c) ] / sin
d2 = 1/2 the width of reinforcement zone
d2 = greater of d1 or [ (Tb c) +(Th c) +d1/2 ], but
less than Dh
A2+ A3 + A4 A1
Example
A, metric area replacement calculation for an intersection :
DN 200, P = 8.2 mm x DN 100, T = 6.0 mm, UNREINFORCED FABRICATED
TEE.
I. Nomenclature. (Reference FIG. 304.3.3)
T=204C, P=4135kPa, c=2.5mm
Dh = 219.1 mm Th = 8.2 mm Header Material: A53 Gr B ERW E=0.85
Db = 114.3 mm Tb = 6.0 mm Branch Material: A53 Gr B SMLS E=1.0
Material SE, Header: 117 MPa, Branch: 138 MPa
Th = 7.2
Tb = 5.2 (T - 12 % mill tolerance)
d = Db 2(Tb - c) = 114.3 - 2(5.2 - 2.5) = 108.9 mm
d2 = the greater of d or (Tb - c) + (Th - c) + d = 108.9 mm
L4 = the lesser of 2.5(Th - c) or 2(Tb - c) + Tr
L4 = 2.5(5.2 - 2.5) + 0 = 6.7 mm
Questions
BREAK
Pipe Supporting
Pipe Supporting
overstress of piping
leakage at joints
overstress of supports
excessive forces on equipment
excessive interference with thermal expansion
excessive pipe sag (especially for piping requiring drain)
excessive heat flow, exposing support to temperature
outside their limits
Etc..
Pipe Supporting
Questions
Support Design
Restraints (anchors and guides) are provided to direct
thermal expansion to areas designed to absorb it and to
ensure that expansion joint movements occur in the
directions for which the joint is designed. Expansion
joint design shall conform to the requirements of
Appendix X, which provides guidelines for the design,
fabrication and installation of bellow type expansion
joints.
Supports elements shall be designed for all loads
applied including weight, pressure, wind, earthquakes,
friction etc
Hangers Example
Example Problem:
1-Problem Description.
2-Thermal movement calculations.
3-Hanger Load Calculations.
4-Selection of proper hangers.
Hangers Example
Hangers Example
Hanger Supports
Spring Hangers
Guide Supports
Guide Supports
Supports Friction
Restraint Supports
BREAK
QUESTIONS
Basic requirements:
Piping systems shall have sufficient flexibility to prevent
thermal expansion or contraction or movements of piping
supports at terminals from causing;
Failure of piping or supports from overstress or fatigue
Leakage at joints.
Detrimental stresses or distortion in piping and valves or in
connected equipment (pumps and turbines for example),
resulting from excessive thrusts and moments in the
piping.
Specific requirements:
Questions
Questions, Comments