PRODUK:
TANAMAN TRANSGENIK
GENETIC MODIFIED ORGANISM (GMO)
LATAR BELAKANG:
UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMBALI PRODUKSI PANGAN (HASIL
REVOLUSI HIJAU) YANG SUDAH MENCAPAI LEVEL-OFF
PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK
DUNIA
LEVEL-OFF
PRODUKSI PANGAN
YANG DAPAT DICAPAI
REVOLUSI HIJAU
Plant Biotechnology
Traditional
crossbreeding
Recombinant
DNA techniques
http://www.insp.mx/xcongreso/ponencias/5
www.quirkyworks.com/design/ Samples/plant-breeding.jpg
Insect Bt resistance,
producing a bacterial
toxin called bacillus
toxin (Bt) so that insects
(dipterans) die when
eating the plants
Extensively used in the
past 20 years
Green groups
complained that this is
gene pollution
New Traits
74% Herbicide
resistant
19% Insect resistant
7% Both
Major GM crops
58% Soybean
23% corn
12% cotton
6% Canola
Ref: Brown, K. 2001. Genetically
Modified Foods: Are they safe?
Scientific American 284(4):39-45.
BT toxins kill
dipterans and
unexpectedly
also kill
Lepidopterans.
They dont kill
other insects.
They are
derived from
Bacillus spores.
A Journey forever?
Various bacteria and algae, for example
Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes,
Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium
acetobutylicum, and Clostridium
perfringens have been found to be active in
hydrogen production under anaerobic
conditions.
The most effective H2 production is
observed upon fermentation of glucose in
the presence of Clostridium butyricum
(strain IFO 3847, 35 mmol h1 H2
evolution by 1 g of the microorganism at
37C).