Initial Design Discussion

What the Project Engineer Needs

to Know

Agenda
What the Project Engineer Needs to Know
Electrical Design Elements

The Load
The Source
Protection
Monitor and Control

Summary
Q&A
NJWEA Technology Transfer
Seminar
26-Sep-07

What the Project Engineer Needs

to Know
Information from the PM The Load List
What are the loads?
Motors
Heaters
What are the hp or kw ratings?
Where are they located?
Outdoors
Indoors
What is the classification of the
area?
Is a control panel specified?

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Seminar
26-Sep-07

The Load

Utilizes power
LDPI, Inc.
Baldor Electric Co.

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26-Sep-07

(voltage and current)

Has electrical ratings
Must be protected
Must be controlled
Can be monitored
4

Electrical Design Elements

Magnitude, quality, characteristics, demand,
coincidence or diversity of loads, and load
factors
Service, distribution, and utilization voltages
and voltage regulation
Flexibility, reliability, continuity, and safety
Operation and maintenance
Special requirements associated with the
process and process environment
Legally required, optional
standby/emergency systems
Energy conservation and DOE compliance
NJWEA Technology Transfer
Seminar
26-Sep-07

Electrical Design Elements

Service, distribution, and utilization
voltages and voltage regulation
Electrical Site plan
Utility connections

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Seminar
26-Sep-07

Electrical Design Development

For new facilities power design
Determine total plant load (building and process)
Develop single line diagram
Model loads
Evaluate protective device settings and coordinate
Document final protective settings
For existing facilities power design
Document existing conditions confirm and revise existing single
line diagram
Evaluate the system and prepare a report
Update single line diagram
Implement recommendations
Model new loads on the existing system and re-evaluate
Document protective settings
NJWEA Technology Transfer
Seminar
26-Sep-07

The Power Source

Pole Mounted Transformers

Pad Mounted Transformers

Engine Generator Set

Cummins Power Generation
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26-Sep-07

Flywheel UPS
Liebert

The Power Source

Current installations
include
Government
telecommunications
and data storage
centers
Medical facilities
National television
networks
Flywheel UPS
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26-Sep-07

The Power Source

Advantages
Smaller foot print
Green technology
Non toxic
Non corrosive
Quiet operation
Lower long term costs

Flywheel UPS
NJWEA Technology Transfer
Seminar
26-Sep-07

10

The Power Source

http://www.energyandpowermanagement.com/CDA/Articles

Disadvantages
Higher initial cost
Short term loading
Example: The Pentadyne VSSdc unit at WBRZ is rated at
160 kilowatt for 13 seconds.

NJWEA Technology Transfer

Seminar
26-Sep-07

11

Nominal System Voltages

Substation
13.2kV; 69kV; 115kV

Signal
24V

Plant Distribution
4160V; 480V; 208V

Control
120V
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26-Sep-07

12

Working Clearances
under 600V
Clearances shall
be provided
& maintained to
permit ready and
safe operation
and maintenance
Examination
Adjustment
Servicing
Maintenance
NEC 2005

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26-Sep-07

13

Working Clearances
under 600V
2005 NEC Article 110.26
Spaces About Electrical Equipment
(C) Entrance to Working Space.
(2) Large Equipment. For equipment
rated 1,200A or more, an entrance
measuring not less than 24 in. wide
and 61/2 ft high, is required at each
end of the working space. Where the
entrance to the working space
has a door, the door must open out and
be equipped with panic hardware or
other devices that open under simple
pressure.

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Seminar
26-Sep-07

NEC 2002

This material was extracted from Mike Holt Training

Materials copyright 2007 by permission.
Visit www.NECCode.com or call 1.888.NEC.Code
(632-2633) for more information.

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Working Clearances
under 600V

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Seminar
26-Sep-07

15

Working Clearances
over 600V

NEC 2005

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26-Sep-07

16

Protection
Low Voltage Circuit Breakers
Square D

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26-Sep-07

Fixed Trip (Inverse Time)

15A 50A [ 5A]

60A 110A [10A]
125A -300A [25A]
300A 500A [50A]
600 800 [100A]
1000
1200
1600
2000
2500
3000
4000
5000
6000
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Protection
Low Voltage Fuses [250V 600V]
Dual-element, time-delay fuse Class J
Current-limiting Class RK1
Time-delay, current-limiting, rejectiontype Class CC
Time-delay Class L
Dual-element, time-delay fuse Class
RK5
Medium voltage

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Seminar
26-Sep-07

18

Protection
Power Circuit Breakers with
Arc Flash Protection
Square D

Circuit breakers tested to show arc

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26-Sep-07

flash hazard risk category as

referenced by NFPA70E
800 A to 6000 A frames, fixed and
draw-out
Rated for AC voltage systems
through 600 V (635 V ANSI)
Visual contact wear indicators
Field-installable accessories
common to all standards
Four interchangeable Micrologic
trip units to choose from
Available PowerLogic based
power metering and monitoring
capabilities
Available protective relay functions
as defined by ANSI C37.2 and
C37.90
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Protection
Vacuum circuit breakers

Medium Voltage Circuit Breaker

Eaton Cutler-Hammer

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26-Sep-07

Rated at 5kV, 15kV,

27kV and 38kV
ANSI C37.09 Standard
Protective relays
Over voltage
Under voltage
Phase reversal
Single phase

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Protection
Medium Voltage Fuses

E rated (transformers and feeders)

Fast-acting
R rated (motor circuit protection)
H & N (high surge)
K (fast)
T (slow)

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Seminar
26-Sep-07

21

Monitor and Control

Meters

Utility and submeters [kW-h]

Voltage - voltmeters
Current - ammeters
Flow flow meters

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Seminar
26-Sep-07

22

Monitor and Control

For Motor Loads

Variable Frequency Controllers

Reduced Voltage Starters
Delta-Wye Starters

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26-Sep-07

23

Monitor and Control

For Process Devices

Control Valves
Pressure Switches
Level Switches

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Seminar
26-Sep-07

24

Summary
Electrical Design categories can be defined as
Load,
Source,
Protection
Control and monitoring
Load lists provided by the PM are used to develop single line
diagrams and P&IDs
The power source to the load is determined based on the site
factors and load requirements

NJWEA Technology Transfer

Seminar
26-Sep-07

25

Summary
Electrical systems require protection
Electrical protection
Over current
Over voltage
Phase reversal
Transients
Physical protection from the environment
NEMA rated enclosures

NJWEA Technology Transfer

Seminar
26-Sep-07

26

Summary
Load lists are used to develop integrated, system documents
Single line diagrams power
Used for road maps for the facility
Safe shut downs
Clear operations
Used for short circuit and coordination studies
Guide for impact studies
Process &Instrumentation Diagrams
Control
Monitoring

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Seminar
26-Sep-07

27

Discussion

Thank You!

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26-Sep-07

28

Acknowledgements

NJWEA Technology Transfer

Seminar
26-Sep-07

29