Automated Software Testing Using Open Source Testing Tools by Elfriede Dustin

Automated Software Testing using Open Source
Testing Tools
By Elfriede Dustin
Agenda
Who is IDT
State of Software Testing
What is Automated Test and Re-test (ATRT)
Approach to ATRT
Advantage of open source
ATRT and open source Our IDE and solution
ATRT Challenges
2
http://www.idtus.com
Who is IDT?
IDT specializes in the design, development, and
implementation of Automated Software Testing and
Re-Test (ATRT) and Quality Assurance (QA)
solutions
Deliver turn key automated test suite
Automated test strategy and identification of highest payoff areas
to apply automation for your project
Selection of best automation tools for your project
Using your existing test cases or develop test cases for you
Test results documented in requirements traceability matrix
Training and pilot project implementation with companies

3
Who is IDT?
IDT specializes in the design, development, and
implementation of Automated Software Testing and
Re-Test (ATRT) and Quality Assurance (QA)
solutions
We are currently hiring Java Developers

Deliver turn key automated test suite
Plus wed
Automated
like toand
hire
2 or 3 grad
students
test strategy
identification
of highest
payoffto
areas
to apply
for your
workautomation
for us part
timeproject
( i.e. 20 hours week )
Selection of best automation tools for your project
must be US citizen
Using
your existing test cases or develop test cases for you
Test results documented in requirements traceability matrix
Training and pilot project implementation with companies

4
State of Software Testing Why ATRT?
?
5
State of Software Testing Why ATRT?

Utilize Automated Testing Strategies and
Technology to Improve Productivity and Quality
Spiral / Release 4
Test
Days
Spiral / Release 2
Test
Days
Spiral / Release 1
Test
Days
Test
Days
ua
l
Reduction in
Test Days
Spiral / Release 3
Increased
Test
Coverage
M
an
Size & Complexity of SW Baseline
50% or More of Overall Development Cost is

Typically Spent on Testing
Automated
Manual vs. Automated
IDT Provides Automated Software Testing Solutions

What is ATRT?
Our definition of ATRT is:
Application and implementation of software

technology throughout the entire Software
Testing Life Cycle (STL) and QA lifecycle;
with the goal to improve STL efficiencies and
effectiveness
7
ATRT Spans the Software Development

Life Cycle Visual Modeling
Design
Build
Assemble
Round-Trip Engineering
Development Tools
Use
cases
Components
Test
Test
Modeling and test case generation

Life Cycle Requirements
Requirements Management and
Process Automation
Visual Modeling
Development Tools
Components
Organizes, tracks, & controls requirements

Requirements Traceability Matrix (RTM)
9

Life Cycle Automated Test Tools
Process Automation
Visual Modeling
Development Tools
Development
Management
Components
Execution
AutomatedSoftware
Testing Testing
Tools
Automated
Automates test cases using vendor-provided,

open-source tools or in-house development
10

Life Cycle Integrated Suite of Tools
Additionally:
Middleware
Infrastructure
Defect Tracking
Configuration
Management
Memory Leak
Detectors
Performance
Testing Tools
Documentation
Tools
others

Process Automation
Visual Modeling
Infrastructure
Development Tools
Components
Middleware
Automated Testing Tools
Software Configuration Management
Defect Tracking
11
Types of Software Test Lifecycle Support Tools
Which tools are you familiar with?
12
Types of Automated Test

Tools
Life-Cycle
Phase
Business
Analysis
Phase
Type of Tool
Tool Description
Business Modeling
Records definitions of user needs and automates rapid

construction of
flexible, graphical, client-server applications
Configuration
Management
Defect Tracking
Technical Review
Management
Requirements
Definition
Phase
Manages system life-cycle defects

Facilitates communication, while automating the
technical review/inspection process
Documentation
Generators
Automate document generation
Requirements
Management
Manages and organizes requirements; allows for test

procedure design and test progress reporting
Requirements
Verifiers
Verify syntax, semantics, and testability
Use Case
Generators
Baselines important data repositories
Create use cases
13
Types of Tools (Contd)

Life-Cycle
Phase
Analysis and
Design Phase
Type of Tool
Database Design
Structure Charts,
Flowcharts, and
Sequence Diagrams
Test Procedure
Generators
Programming
Phase
Metrics Tools
Develops second generation enterprise client-server systems

Manage processes
Generate test procedures from requirements, design, or data and object

models
Syntax Checkers/
Debuggers
Perform syntax checking and have debugging capability; usually available

with built-in programming language compiler
Memory Leak and

Runtime Error
Detection
Detects runtime errors and memory leaks
Source Code Testing
Verifies maintainability, portability, complexity, and standards compliance
Static and Dynamic

Analyzers
Depict quality and structure of code
Code (Test) Coverage

Analyzers or Code
Instrumentors
Usability Measurements
Tool Description
Identify untested code and support dynamic testing
Provide usability testing as conducted in usability labs
14
Types of Tools (Contd)

Life-Cycle
Phase
Other Testing
Life-Cycle
Support Tools
Type of Tool
Tool Description
Data Extraction Tool
Extract Data from various formats into various formats
Test Data Generators
Generate test data
File Compare Utilities
Find discrepancies between files that should be identical in content
Simulation
Simulates application to measure for scalability, among other tasks
Test Management
Tests management
Network Testing
Monitors, measures, tests, and diagnoses performance across the

entire network
GUI Testing
(Capture/Playback)
Conducts automated GUI tests; capture/playback tools record user

interactions with online systems so they may be replayed
automatically
Load/Performance Testing
Conducts load/performance and stress testing
Security Testing
Performs security testing and vulnerability scanning at the

application or network level; plus debuggers will allow to check for
security coding errors (source code checkers)
15
Deployment Approach
Adapted ATLM
Populate Test Manager
with Test Cases and
Requirements
Develop Test Scripts

from Test Procedures
Test Results:
Pass/Fail by Test Case
Pass/Fail Summary
Test Time Required
Identify or Develop
& Pilot
Test Manager
Test Scripts
Data Comparators
Performance Test Tools
GUI Record/Playback
Storing/Retrieving Results
Collect/Create:
Requirements
Test Cases
Test Procedures
Expected Results
Interface Specifications
System/Component
Configuration Description
16
Why Open Source
17
Why Open Source?

Advantage of Open Source:
no licensing issues; i.e. license cost; maintenance;
etc.
easily modifiable
adaptable
lightweight
flexibility - not tied to one vendor
18
ATRTs IDE - Eclipse

Eclipse this site lists all the plugins
http://www.eclipse-plugins.info/eclipse/plugins.jsp?
category=SCM&pager.offset=0&firstItem=1
Eclipse/TPTP Open Source - Developed by IBM
Eclipse/Test and Performance Tools Platform (TPTP)

offers a common extensible framework for the following
functions:
Requirements Management http://sourceforge.net/projects/osrmt/

Configuration Management - Subversion
Testing Tools (http://www.nabble.com/Eclipse-TPTP---TestingTools-f2262.html)
Profiling: default Java applications, but can be extended to other
apps
19
ATRTs IDE - Eclipse

Eclipse/Test and Performance Tools Platform (TPTP)
offers a common extensible framework for the
following functions (cont):
Static Analysis: default for C++ and Java, but can be

extended to other apps
Application monitoring and log analysis
Build tool ant
Xml input and output - using an open source Java
package http://jakarta.apache.org/ecs/ , which is a Java
library that has an API for constructing and outputting
XML.
Test Manager STAF/STAX
20
Current Test Tool Implementation

Example and Challenges
Vendor-provided (Capture/Playback) Tool:
Automated test tools mimic actions of the test engineer.
During testing, the engineer uses the keyboard and mouse to perform
some type of test or action.
Testing tool captures all keystrokes and subsequent results, which are
baselined in an automated test script.
During test playback, scripts compare latest outputs with previous
baseline.
Testing tools have built-in, reusable test functions.
Most test tools provide for non-intrusive testing; i.e., they interact with
the application-under-test as if the test tool was not involved.
21
Current Testing Tools Challenges

(cont)
In-House Software Development required:
Capture/Playback tools generate hard-coded values; test
scripts are not reusable, nor do they implement software
development best practices right out of the box; scripts need
to be modified.
Capture/Playback tools dont necessarily provide all testing
features required; code enhancements are often required to
meet testing needs.
Capture/Playback tools are not necessarily compatible with
system engineering environment, and software testing scripts
need to be developed in-house.
Developed testing scripts are not cross-vendor compatible,
even if the same scripting language is used
22
Linux Capture/Playback Tools

IDT Findings
Replay Xcessory
http://www.scl.com/products/ics/motif/testing/replay/
www.ics.com
QF-Test
http://www.qfs.de/en/qftestJUI/index.html
Froglogic
http://www.froglogic.com/pg?id=Google&category=squishjava
Redstone Software
Eggplant
KD Executor
http://www.kdab.net/?page=products&sub=kdexecutor
Jameleon
http://sourceforge.net/projects/jameleon/
ShUnit2
for shell scripts testing
GNU Linux Desktop Project
http://ldtp.freedesktop.org/wiki/Home
Cantana
http://www.ipl.com/pdf/p0003.uk.pdf
crontab
Part of Unix
crontab, cruisecontrol, www.adminschoice.com/docs/crontab.htm
Dogtail
http://people.redhat.com/zcerza/dogtail/about.html
http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-automated-gui-testing-with-python-baseddogtail-tool.html
Expect
http://expect.nist.gov/
23
Automated Test and Re-Test

(ATRT)
ATRT includes a common framework comprised of
re-usable software services
Open Source Software Test Automation Framework
(STAF)
Provides automated test procedures, test inputs, and

test results for SW components
Suitable for use by 3rd parties not associated with
development of the component
24
What is STAX?
STAX is an automation system
With STAX you can automate and monitor your entire test environment
System/product setup
Testcase distribution
Testcase execution
Testcase results collection and analysis
STAX consists of
A programming language designed for automation
Programs written in this language are called jobs
An execution engine (similar to an interpreter for other programming/scripting
languages) which manages the execution and runtime behavior of the job
A GUI application, called the STAX Monitor, which provides a dynamically
updated view of your executing jobs
A tool (STAXDoc) that is used to generate documentation for your STAX jobs
25
STAF can run on:

* Windows 95
* Windows 98 (and 98 SE)
* Windows Millenium Edition
* Windows NT Version 4.0
* Windows 2000
* Windows XP
* Windows Server 2003 (IA32, IA64, AMD64)
* Windows Vista (IA32, AMD64)
* Linux (Intel32/64, AMD64, PPC32/64)
* Linux on zSeries (31-bit, 64-bit)
* AIX Version 4.3.3.0 or higher (32-bit, 64-bit)
* Solaris (Sparc) 2.6 and higher
* Solaris AMD Opteron 64-bit
* HP-UX 11.00 and higher (PA-RISC, IA64 32-bit and 64-bit)
* OS/400 V5R2 or higher
* z/OS UNIX V1.4 and higher
STAF Internal Services
DIAG Provides diagnostics services Internal ("DIAG")

DELAY Provides a means to sleep a specified amount of time Internal ("DELAY")
ECHO Echos back a supplied message Internal ("ECHO")
FILE SYSTEM Allows you to get and copy files across the network Internal ("FS")
HANDLE Provides information about existing STAF handles Internal ("HANDLE")
HELP Provides Help on STAF error codes Internal ("HELP")
MISC Handles miscellaneous commands such as displaying the version of STAF
that is currently running Internal ("MISC")
PING Provides a simple is-alive message Internal ("PING")
PROCESS Allows you to start, stop, and query processes Internal ("PROCESS")
QUEUE Provides a network-enabled IPC mechanism for STAF Programs Internal ("QUEUE")
SEMAPHORE Provides network-enabled named event and mutex semaphores Internal ("SEM")
SERVICE Allows you to list services available on a machine and to examine the
Requests that have been submitted on a machineInternal ("SERVICE")
SHUTDOWN Provides a means to shutdown STAF and register for shutdown
Notifications Internal ("SHUTDOWN")
TRACE Provides tracing information for STAF services Internal ("TRACE")
TRUST Interfaces with STAF's security Internal ("TRUST")
VARIABLEProvides a method for maintaining configuration and runtime data
(variables) Internal ("VAR")
27
STAF External Services

The executable code for external STAF services resides outside of STAFProc, for
example in a Java jar file, a C++ DLL file, or a Rexx script file.
CRON Calls into STAF services at a specified time interval External (Java)
EMAIL Allows you to send email messages External (Java)
EVENT Provides a publish/subscribe notification system External (Java)
EVENTMANAGER Allows you to call STAF services when a specified Event
occurs External (Java)
HTTP Allows you to make HTTP requests which can be grouped together in a
session External (Java)
LOG Provides a full-featured logging facility External (C++)
MONITOR Allows a testcase to publish its current running execution status for
others to read External (C++)
RESOURCE POOL Allows you to manage exclusive access to pools of elements,
e.g. VM UserIDs or Software Licenses External (C++)
STAX Provides an XML-based execution engine External (Java)
ZIP Provides a means to zip/unzip/list/delete PKZip/WinZip compatible archives
External (C++)
28
Technologies used in STAX

STAF
STAF provides the infrastructure on which STAX builds. The full power of STAF
and its services is exposed for use within STAX jobs.
XML
The STAX programming language is based on XML. This provides built-in
structure to your jobs, as well as providing a set of existing tools for use in
constructing your jobs, such as XML (aware) editors and XSLT.
Python
The STAX programming language builds on Python to provide a rich and
accessible data model
STAX's Python integration also allows you to access the wealth of existing
Python libraries
Java
The STAX programming language allows you to access existing Java
classes/libraries, providing another source for reuse
29
Automation Tasks
Automation Startup
System Setup
Testcase Execution
Execution
Monitoring
Synchronization
Testcase Output Analysis
Resource Management
Testcase Cleanup
Results Notification
Automation Completion
30
End-to-End Automation with STAF and

STAX
Automation Startup
System Setup
Testcase Execution
Testcase Output Analysis
Testcase Cleanup
Results Notification
Automation Completion
Event, EventManager, Cron
FS, Process
Process, Monitor, Log, Variable,
Queue, ResPool
Log, Process
Process
Email, HTTP
S
T
A
X
J
o
b
<function>
<parallel>
<sequence>
<process>
<stafcmd>
<testcase>
<timer>
<block>
<loop>
<message>
<log>
<import>
<job>
<iterate>
<paralleliterate>
<hold>
<release>
<terminate>
31
Key ATRT Architecture

Requirements
Support applications running on multiple computers
Support applications developed in different languages
Support applications running on different types of OSs
Support applications which have GUI and those which do not (for
example Interface testing)
Support applications which use different types of network
protocols such as TCP/IP, DDS, etc
Support integration of multiple commercial testing tools from
different vendors ( allowing as new or better products emerge
in the market they can be utilized )
Support testing w/o having to install ATRT on the same
computers as the application under test and be able to be
distributed across computers
32
Prototype Proof of Concept

Display Application
Analysis & Display

Application
Display Application
System Under Test
Windows
Based
Simulation of Application
Processing Messages
Eggplant
R/P
VNC Robot
R/P
Simulation of Application
Processing Messages
ATRT
Test Manager
RTM
Bugzilla
STAF/STAX
Linux Based
33
ATRT Prototyping Effort

Able to successfully execute ATRT for 48 hours without operator
intervention
During the tests:
VNCRobot - Approximately 25,000 operator key strokes were
replayed
STAF/STAX - More than 1,000,000 messages processed and
verified by ATRT
34
Additional Requirement
Pristine test environment required automated
testing tool cannot be installed on ApplicationUnder-Test PC
Eggplant allows for remote capture/playback via
VNCserver and KVM switch
VNCRobot
35
Automated Software Testing

Software testing paradox
What is it?
36
Effective Automated
Software Testing
Current State:
Developing software in order to test software
Automate the test support development: automated IDL
to code generation; test data generation (using FireEye
from NIST); compare utilities; log file analyzers;
Our Automated Software Testing Goal:

Minimize Human interaction
Possibly get on par with Hardware Automated Testing?
37
Hardware Testing: current

state
Many automated test generators for
manufacturing/ logic devices, circuit testing,
etc., available i.e. SEI/ATG, uMaster, etc.
Automated testing without human interaction
is the norm for hardware testing
38
Hardware vs. Software

AT
How is hardware testing different?
Software Challenge:
Changing requirements
GUI interfaces
Code access/availability
Defects uncovered earlier in the software
development lifecycle are cheaper to fix
Solution flexibility required problem

dependent
39
Proposed solutions
Focus on Reusable Components
Test Data / Expected Results
Interfaces
Middleware
Assuming code and models are available:

Model based testing; automated test case generators based on models
Eclipse effective ATRT IDE
Probes see Aprobe Code instrumentation
Building self-testable components
Using standard language MOF to Text to generate automate test cases
GUI Testing tool ideas
New tools - other
Working with NIST to produce additional tools
40
GUI Testing
Jemmy - java library to test UI
http://jemmy.netbeans.org/
http://abbot.sourceforge.net/doc/overview.shtml
Perl modules
run via VNCServer?
41
Questions
?
Email edustin@idtus.com with any follow-up questions
42
IDT
We are hiring.
Please come see me now if interested or send
email edustin@idtus.com with any follow-up
43

Automated Software Testing Using Open Source Testing Tools by Elfriede Dustin

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Automated Software Testing using Open Source

Training and pilot project implementation with companies

We are currently hiring Java Developers

Training and pilot project implementation with companies

State of Software Testing Why ATRT?

State of Software Testing Why ATRT?

Size & Complexity of SW Baseline

50% or More of Overall Development Cost is

Manual vs. Automated

IDT Provides Automated Software Testing Solutions

Application and implementation of software

ATRT Spans the Software Development

Modeling and test case generation

ATRT Spans the Software Development

Organizes, tracks, & controls requirements

ATRT Spans the Software Development

Automates test cases using vendor-provided,

ATRT Spans the Software Development

Requirements Management and

Types of Software Test Lifecycle Support Tools

Which tools are you familiar with?

Types of Automated Test

Records definitions of user needs and automates rapid

Manages system life-cycle defects

Automate document generation

Manages and organizes requirements; allows for test

Verify syntax, semantics, and testability

Baselines important data repositories

Create use cases

Types of Tools (Contd)

Develops second generation enterprise client-server systems

Generate test procedures from requirements, design, or data and object

Perform syntax checking and have debugging capability; usually available

Memory Leak and

Detects runtime errors and memory leaks

Source Code Testing

Verifies maintainability, portability, complexity, and standards compliance

Static and Dynamic

Depict quality and structure of code

Code (Test) Coverage

Identify untested code and support dynamic testing

Provide usability testing as conducted in usability labs

Types of Tools (Contd)

Data Extraction Tool

Extract Data from various formats into various formats

Test Data Generators

Generate test data

File Compare Utilities

Find discrepancies between files that should be identical in content

Simulates application to measure for scalability, among other tasks

Monitors, measures, tests, and diagnoses performance across the

Conducts automated GUI tests; capture/playback tools record user

Conducts load/performance and stress testing

Performs security testing and vulnerability scanning at the

Develop Test Scripts

Why Open Source

Why Open Source?

ATRTs IDE - Eclipse

Eclipse/TPTP Open Source - Developed by IBM

Eclipse/Test and Performance Tools Platform (TPTP)

Requirements Management http://sourceforge.net/projects/osrmt/

ATRTs IDE - Eclipse

Static Analysis: default for C++ and Java, but can be