COLLABORATIVE

TEACHING
TEAM TEACHING
 Collaborative Teaching
=
Team Teaching ?
• Collaborative teaching describes any academic
experience in which two or more teachers work
together in designing and teaching a
course that itself uses group learning
techniques.
• Nunan: Collaborative teaching emphasized
shared power and shared decision-making.
 Team Teaching
• Team teaching is a group of two or more
persons assigned to the same students at the
same time for instructional purposes in a
particular subject or combination of subjects
(R.H. Johnson and Lobb, 1959: 59)
• Team teaching is ongoing, consistently present
classroom collaboration as opposed to a shared
assignment or alternate-days approaches.
 Types of team teaching
1. Team leader.
2. Associate.
3. Master teacher/beginning teacher.
4. Coordinated team.
one team member has a higher
status than the others
there is no designated leader
 to foster acculturation of new
teachers into the school or the
profession
 there is a joint planning by two or
more teachers who are teaching the
same curriculum to separate groups
of learners
• In language education, teachers, learners,
researchers and curriculum specialists can
collaborate for a number of reasons:
- Experiment with alternative ways of organizing
teaching and learning,
- Promote a philosophy of cooperation rather than
competition,
- Create an environment in which learners, teachers
and researchers are teaching and learning from each
other in an equitable way,
- Experiment with ways of incorporating principles of
learner-centeredness into their program.
 The strengths of collaborative
teaching (Armstrong, 1977)
• It permits team members to take
advantage of individual teacher strength in
planning for instruction and in working with
learners,
• It spurs creativity,
• It facilitates individualized instruction,
• It provides for better sequencing and
pacing of increments of instruction,
• It builds program continuity over time.
 because teachers know they
must teach for their colleagues
as well as their learners
because it is possible to provide
learning environments involving
close personal contact between
teacher and learner
 because perceptions of an
individual teacher must be
verified by at least one other
team member
 Effective Collaborative Teaching:
• Teachers need:
- appropriate training and support,
- opportunities for developing the skills
they need for success,
- adequate time to plan their programs,
- opportunities to review their teaching.
Successful Collaborative Teaching,
if:
• Teachers possess or are given skills
appropriate to innovation,
• Teachers are given time to implement the
innovation,
• Appropriate administrative and managerial
arrangements and mechanisms are
developed in tandem with the pedagogical
innovation
Collaboration is communication
• In collaboration, the members should trust
each other so that they are free to reveal
their motives, feelings, and thoughts.
• The lines of communication must be
established among the members.
 Collaboration requires different
skills for the teachers
• Collaboration may involve reflection of
one’s own value system in relation of
teaching.
• Through the experience of sharing we
come to understand both the theory and
practice of new approaches
 Collaboration needs to be
organized
• Collaboration considered as innovation
needs to be managed.
 Possible Disadvantages
• Uncomfortable experience when someone who
teaches in his classroom but does not have
decision-making and implementation power,
• The amount of pre-teaching coordination may
seem inordinate,
• Shared responsibility can result in no one taking
full responsibility,
• Difficult to determine who decides to implement
a collaborative teaching arrangement and the
composition of teaching partnerships.
 Problems with Team Teaching
• Personality
• Respect
• Attitude to team teaching
• Attitude to the project
• Language
• Others:
- time
- discipline
- student attitudes
- staffroom atmosphere
Some people are more difficult for
one person to get on with than
others
 Professional respect does not
develop automatically;
it can only develop over a period of
time as the two teachers begin to
appreciate each other’s qualities
when working together
Team teaching can significantly
help to change the nature of
English language teaching
Sometimes there are changes on
the commitment among the
members between before and
during the implementation of the
project
 The language of teaching is highly
specialized. The discussion of aims,
objectives, activities, class
management, function and
grammar demands highly specific
lexis which is not easy to
manipulate
 All teachers want the team
teaching to be a success, but not
every one has the time available
for the lengthy discussions
necessary to ensure this
Teachers have different attitudes to
discipline and it is only when the
two teachers have completely
different approaches that there
may be problems
In school there are students who
are academically highly motivated
and there are others who are not
Some schools do not have a good
atmosphere in the staffroom, like
unwelcome feel; while others have
good and supportive staffroom