KINGDOM ANIMALIA:

Phylum Platyhelminthes,
Phylum
Nemathelminthes, and Phylum
Annelida
Lesson
Grade
Semester

: Biology
: X
: 2

RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Habitat

1-Planaria.flv

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Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Humid places
Freshwater
Marine
Inside animal
and human
body as
parasites

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Structure
Various size and shape
Body plan: bilateral
symmetry
Body layers:
triploblastic without
body cavity
(acoelomate)
Flat body

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Example: Planaria
Obtaining food

By mouth

Digestion

Mouth, pharynx,
intestine, no anus

Respiration

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

No respiration
system
Respiration by
diffusion

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Circulation

No circulatory
system

Excretion

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Some by
Protonephridia

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Nervous System
A pair of ganglia
A pair of nerve cord
like a ladder

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Reproduction
Asexual
By fragmentation
(splitting the body)

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Reproduction
Sexual
By fertilization of an
ovum by a sperm
Internal fertilization
Fertliization can be
done alone or by 2
individuals

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Classification

Class Turbellaria
(Planarians)

Class Trematoda
(Flukes)

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Class Turbellaria
Class Trematoda
Class Cestoda

Class Cestoda
(Tapeworms)

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Turbellaria
Has ciliated body
Anterior part has

Freshwater planaria
(Dugesia)

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Eye spots: for

differentiating light
and dark condition
Auricle: smelling
organs for
searching food

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Sea
planarians

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Sea
planarians

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Trematoda
Has sucking mouth
Parasites
Cuticles covering
body for protection
Blood fluke
(Schistosoma)
Human liver
fluke
(Clonorchis)
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Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Sheep liver fluke

(Fasciola)

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Life cycle of liver
fluke

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Cestoda
Parasites
Cuticles covering
body for protection
Body parts:
Head (scolex): has
sucker, some has
hooks
Neck
Proglotid chains

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Beef tapeworm
(Taenia)

7
Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Echinococcus

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Life cycle of
pig tape
worms

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Habitat

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Humid places
Freshwater
Marine
Inside plant,
animal and
human body
as parasites

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Structure
Mostly microscopic
Body plan: bilateral
symmetry
Body layers:
triploblastic with body
cavity
(pseudocoelomate)
Long, round, threadlike body

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Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Protected by cucticles

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Obtaining food

By mouth

Digestion

Complete digestive
system: mouth,
pharynx, intestine,
anus

Respiration

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

No respiration
system
Respiration by
diffusion

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Circulation

No circulatory
system

Excretion

Has simple
excretory system

Nervous System

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Nerve ring

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Reproduction
Sexual
By fertilization of an
ovum by a sperm
Female larger than
male

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Classification
Class Nematoda
Class Nematophora

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

Parasite in large intestine, cause perianal itch.
Infected through oral.

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Life cycle of
pin worms

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Trichuris trichiura (threadworm/whipworm)

Parasite in large intestine, cause hemorrhagic colitis.
Infected through oral

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

10

Ascaris lumbricoides (round worm)

Parasite in small intestine, cause anemia and malnutrition.
Infected through oral
Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Trichenella spiralis
Parasite in many body parts, cause e.g. muscle weakness, diarrhea.
Infected by eating uncooked meat
Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Ancylostoma duodenale (hookworm)

Parasite in small intestine, suck blood and cause anemia.
Infected by contact of skin with soil
Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Life cycle of
hookworms

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

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Wuchereria bancrofti
Parasite in lymphatic vessel, cause lymphatic filariasis terminating
in elephantiasis. Transmitted to humans by mosquitos
Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

4. Phylum Nematelminthes (Roundworms)

Life cycle of
filariasis

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Habitat
Terrestrial:
humid places
Freshwater
Marine

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Structure
Various size and
shape
Body plan:
bilateral symmetry
Body layers:
triploblastic,
coelomate
Cylindrical
segmented body

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Obtaining food

By mouth

Digestion

Complete digestive
system: mouth,
pharynx, intestine,
anus

Respiration

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Respiration system
through: skin,
parapodia, and gills.

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Circulation

Close circulatory
system, with heart
and blood vessel

Excretion

Simple excretory
system: metanephridia per body
segment

Nervous System

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

Cerebral ganglia,
nerve ring, nerve
cords

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Reproduction
Sexual
Dioecious in
Polychaeta; no
special organs,
posterior end
becomes gonads.
Monoecious in
Oligochaeta and
Hirudinea;
Clitellium.

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Classification
Class Oligochaeta
Class Polychaeta
Class Hirudinea
Class Oligohaeta

Class
Hirudinea
Class Polychaeta
Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Oligochaeta
Reduced head
No parapodia
Sparse chaeta
(bristles)
Earthworms

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Redworm (Tubifex)
Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Polychaeta

Parapodia

Well-developed
head
Parapodia and
chaetae at each
segment :
function as gills
and aid in
locomotion

Clamworm
(Nereis)
Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

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5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Bristleworm

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

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Fanworm (Sabella)

Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Hirudinea
No Chaetae
Suckers at
anterior and
posterior end
Parasite

Leeches
Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu

5. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

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Biology RSMABI SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu