FLAT SLAB

Flat slab are also known as beamless slab,

is a type of slab in which the flooring slab is
directly supported on columns without the
agency of beam or girders.
For span from 5 to 9m thin flat slabs are
the preferred solution for the construction
of in- situ concrete frame building, where a
square or near square grid is used.
They are provided in theatres, factories,
and mills, shopping complex and other
buildings.

A flat slab, generally spanning 6m to 13m,provides

minimum construction depth and allows rapid
construction.
Flat roofs are a distinguishing feature of many modern
buildings. They off the possibility of both minimizing
the enclosed volume and maximize the planning
envelope in volume terms.
Flat slab can be classified as one way slabs.One way
slabs,as the name suggests,can be used for narrow rooms
with a maximum width of 10 to 12 and have steel
reinforcement designed to be spanned one way only
making them more economical.

Two way slab can be spanned both ways. The steel

usage is more but large column free rooms
(16x20, 18x20 etc.) are possible.
The spatial feel inside room can be well articulated
by the height of the roof plane,its shape and its
slope.Flat roof slab provide that feeling.

The thickness of floor is 13cm and above

depending upon the span and supported on
R.C.C column arranged in such a manner
that they form square of nearly square
panels.
The size of panel should not exceed
9mx9m.
There must be three rows in two directions
at right angles.
The ratio of length to breadth of any two
adjacent panels should not differ by more
than 10% of the greater length.

Some times instead of

providing uniform thickness
of slab a portion of slab is
thickened symmetrically
around the column .
The thickened portion is
called drop. The flat slab
may be designed either with
or without drop panels.
At their head 4cm below the
drop, the columns are
enlarged so as to form
diameter equal to 0.21 to
0.25 of the span. This flared
portion of column head is
called capital.

The extra thickness around the column is

there to strengthen the column floor
connection and resist the negative
moments. The floor itself can be thinner
with slab
less exhibits
dead weight.
Flat
several advantages such as
providing architectural flexibility
more clear space,
lower building ht.
Easier formwork,and
consequently shorter construction time.

Cheaper shuttering
Flat underside of slab
Simplicity of formwork and resulting in
speed of construction low floor to floor
ht. Reduce the total building height thus
reducing
the lateral loads,
cost of building cladding,
cost of vertical mechanical and
electrical lines,and
air conditioning cost

Cost effective in case of large span,

High quality construction
Flat soffit
Just paint,no painting is required
300 m2 of slab erected in one day
Improve and enhance property

Adaptable to meet engineers and architects

requirement.
Saving in labour and time make these system
always worthwhile.
Windows can go as high as the ceiling because
there are no beams.

Limitation :
Holes in flat slabs near columns need special
attention as they reduce to both bending and
punching shear.very small isolated holes can be
ignored. The provision of additional localized
reinforcement can permit larger holes with a
dimension up to about 1/20of span. Holes larger
than this will require specific consideration in
both analysis and design.

THANK YOU