PRIMER on

PROTOCOL FOR
EXPLOSIVES RELATED
INICDENTS INVESTIGATION

Outline of Presentation
Definition of terms
Concept of operation
Coordinating
Instructions
bet.
Report
Forms
PNP, AFP,
NBIand
andFormat
PCG

Technical Evaluation Report

Post Blast Investigation Report

Definition of Terms

Attempted Bombing- incidents in which a device

designed or purposely made to detonate/ ignite
fails to function.

Bomb Threat oral or written information or

warning, claiming knowledge that a dangerous
device such as bomb has been or will be placed
in a building, aircraft or other facilities with the
intent to harm people and destroy properties .

Bombing any incident which uses a device

constructed with criminal intent and using
high/low explosives or blasting agents explodes.

Crime Scene Investigation comprehensive

inquiry of a crime incident by conducting
systematic procedure of various investigative
methodologies which involves recovery of
physical and testimonial evidence for the
purpose of identifying the witness and arrest of
perpetrator.
Evidence sanctioned by the Rules of Court, of
ascertaining in a judicial proceeding the truth
respecting a matter or fact.
Explosive Incidents any explosives - involve
situation
that
encompasses
bombing,
incendiary/attempted
bombings, stolen and
recovered explosives.
Explosive any chemical compound, mixture or
device the common or purpose of which is to
function by explosion.

First Responder any person or unit who first

arrived at the scene shall endeavor and render
assistance to the victim and to protect and
secure the incident scene.

High Explosives explosive that when subject to

heat, shock or friction will detonate by means of
blasting cap when unconfined at the speed of
20,00027 ft. per second or more.

Improvised Explosive Device (IED) a home

made device consisting of an explosives/
incendiary or firing components necessary to
initiate explosion.
Low Explosives explosives that when subject to
heat, shock or friction will deflagrate rather than
detonate at a speed of 5,000 ft. per second or
less.

Physical Evidence encompasses any or all of

object that can be addresses to the senses of the
court that is capable of being exhibited,
examined or viewed by court .
Post Blast Investigation comprehensive forensic
inquiry specifically on a bombing incident
through conduct of various investigative
technique
Recovered .Explosives and Explosive Components
any seized or found, discovered, abandoned or
illegal purchase explosive material taken into
custody by AFP/PNP/PCG and NBI including those
turned-in by civilian or private entity.
Scene Of the Crime Operation (SOCO) a
forensic procedure performed by trained
personnel of the PNP Crime Laboratory and NBI
Forensic Laboratory Experts through scientific
methods of investigation .

Concept of Operation
General Consideration

First responder shall cordon the area to

preserve and secure crime scene.

The
PNP/AFP/NBI/PCG
EOD
and
Bomb
Technicians shall conduct RSP of primary or
secondary device found in the area .

DO NOT TOUCH, REMOVE, OR ALTER ANY

PIECE OF EVIDENCE . SOCO personnel and NBI
Forensic Experts are the only authorize
persons to process the document and conduct
laboratory examination of gathered physical
evidence .

In the absence of availability of PNP SOCO, the

local police with the assistance of the
responding AFP/PNP/NBI/PCG EOD can process
possible pieces of evidence in a blast site
following the proper procedures to avoid
contaminations of the pieces of evidence.

Only authorized personnel can enter the crime

scene and MUST wear gloves, shoe covers,
mask and if needed hard hats.
The AFP/NBI/PCG EOD will provide the PNP and
NBI with significant information such as
Technical Evaluation Report or Post Blast
Investigation and other report.
In the event that Hand Entry procedure was
use by the authorized personnel, he/she must
be subjected to fingerprint by the experts.

In the absence of forensic experts, EOD

personnel may swab themselves using sterile
cotton and alcohol before and after processing.
Chemical
examinations
will
be
joint
responsibility of PNP Crime Lab and NBI
Forensic
Experts.
All information
pertaining to incidents related
to the illegal use of explosive shall be reported
to the Philippine Bomb Data Center.

On Bomb Threat

Determine the location of the establishment

under threat. Instruct security officer to
conduct a bomb search while proceeding in
the area
Alert
EOD team for bomb search mission and
Fire Department before departure, also notify
higher Headquarters of the report
Confirm the reported bomb threat. Notify EOD
team to bomb sweep.
Cause a suspicious/suspected device search to
be made with the person familiar with the
location. Unless a device is found, First
Responder may not order an evacuation of the
affected area

Do not touch, tamper with or disarm any

suspected device. If a suspected device is
located cause the evacuation of the affected
area at least 300 meters away.

Isolate the suspected device and

discovery of the suspected device.

No radio transmission, turn-off all electricity

and gas unit of the building

Secure the area and prevent people from

approaching. Summon ambulance and fire
trucks to the scene

Conduct immediate investigation if the crisis is

over.

report

On Attempting Bombing

AFP/PNP/NBI/ PCG EOD bomb technician

personnel responding to an attempted
bombing MUST notify the Crime Laboratory or
NBI Forensic Laboratory.

Discovery
of
Explosives/IED
and
its
components as a result of AFP/PNP/PCG/BFP
Operation.

EOD Team thru channel shall inform the

concerned local PNP unit.

In the absence of local Police unit and SOCO
the EOD team must inform the Provincial
Director or Regional Director.
All collective components, documents and
Spot Report must be turned over to the local
police unit in reasonable time .
The local police unit shall verify the reported
incident, conducts own investigation and
evaluates the evidentiary value of the items
submitted.
In
case the suspect is immediately identified.
PBDC personnel shall be dispatch to conduct
technical analysis on the materials.

After technical analysis the non-explosive

items part shall be turned-over to concerned
crime laboratory, however explosive items
shall be turned-over to PNP Bomb Squad Unit.
In the absence of PNP Bomb Squad unit AFP
EOD shall be designated as Custodian of the
explosive evidence .
The EOD shall inform the PNP investigating
unit to request the court for its immediate
disposal.
Upon approval of the court, the disposal shall
be conducted by the Bomb Squad/EOD and will
be
witnessed
by
representative
from
investigating PNP unit and Crime Laboratory.
Bomb, Explosives and other IEDs seized by
the NBI shall be turned-over to the PNP
custody. .

Bombing Incidents

Conduct a preliminary evaluation of the crime

scene.
Exercise scene safety.
Administer life saving efforts.
Established community control.
Define the investigator role.
Ensure scene integrity.
Secure necessary procedure.
Locate and interview victims and witnesses.
Organized the evidence processing by the
SOCO team.
Security protection and control contamination.
Conduct scene walkthrough.
Develop scene documentation.

Photograph/Videotape the scene.

Ensure that scene processing is completed.
Release of scene by SOCO to investigator on
case.
Turn-over
of crime scene by the investigatoron-case to authorized person.
Reconstruction of bomb components.
Submit report to the Philippine Bomb Data
Center.

Coordinating Instructions
On exchange of information between PNP, AFP,NBI
and PCG,.
all concerned divisions within AFP J2 shall serve
as the repository of the Explosive Related
Incident (ERI) data from all AFP units.

All information related on the illegal use of

explosives shall be opened for official use to all
law enforcement agencies.

In cases wherein an explosion cause subsequent

conflagration,.

Responding BFP should be advised on the

location of the explosion
and not to
overflooded with water to ensure collection of

On jurisdictional Issues.
All PNP/AFP/NBI/PCG EOD and Bomb Technicians,
and SOCO personnel will coordinate with the PNP
Regional Director.
In case the initial investigation points to Arson as
the motive the case should be referred to BFP..
On the Prosecution Case.
All PNP and NBI personnel involve in the
processing of the explosive scene shall make
themselves available as witness during court
Onproceedings.
information Dissemination to the Media and
Public.
Existing SOPs policies and protocols on
information dissemination to the media and
public shall be opted in this protocol.

Disposition of Explosive Evidence.

After thorough exploitation and processing of the
pieces of evidence materials should be subjected
for immediate disposal..
Explosive Related Incident Report.
The most senior PNP/AFP/NBI/PCG EOD or bomb
technicians involve in the investigation should
accomplish the Explosive Incident Report.

Forms and Format

Technical Evaluation Report Format (AFP EOD)
Post Blast Investigation Format (AFP EOD).
Explosive Related Incident Report Form.
NBI Disposition Form.
BFP Explosive Crisis Incident Form.

End of Presentation