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Knowledge

A light bulb in the socket is worth two in the pocket Bill


Wolf
Facts, information, and
experience or education;

skills

acquired

The theoretical or practical understanding


of a subject.

through

Knowledge
Insight
Understandi
ng
Know-how
that We all
Process

Fundament
al resource
that allows
us to
function
intelligently

THE PRINCIPAL FACTOR that makes personal, organizational, and


societal intelligent behaviour possible. ( Wiig 1993 )

Characteristics of Knowledge
Using knowledge does not consume it;
Transferring knowledge does not result in losing it;
Knowledge is abundant, but the ability to use it is
scarce;
Much of an organizations valuable knowledge walks
out the door at the end of the day.

Data, Information, Knowledge, and


Wisdom

Data represents a fact


or statement of event
without relation to
other things.
Ex: It is raining.

Data, Information, Knowledge, and Wisdom


Information embodies the understanding of a relationship of some sort,
possibly cause and effect.
Ex: The temperature dropped 15 degrees and then it started raining.
Knowledge Knowledge, on the other hand, is information gained
through experience, reasoning, or acquaintance.
Ex: If the humidity is very high and the temperature drops substantially
the atmospheres is often unlikely to be able to hold the moisture so it
rains.
Wisdom : The ability to discern or judge what is true, right, or lasting.
Ex: It rains because it rains. And this encompasses an understanding of
all the interactions that happen between raining, evaporation, air
currents, temperature gradients, changes, and raining.

Data, Information, Knowledge, and


Wisdom
Knowledge can exist without wisdom, but not the other way
around;
One can be knowledgeable without being wise;
Knowledge is knowing how to use a gun; wisdom is knowing
when to use it and when to keep it holstered.
Now consider the following:

I have a box.
The box is 3' wide, 3' deep, and 6' high.
The box is very heavy.
The box has a door on the front of it.
When I open the box it has food in it.
It is colder inside the box than it is outside.
You usually find the box in the kitchen.
There is a smaller compartment inside the box with ice in it.
When you open the door the light comes on.
When you move this box you usually find lots of dirt underneath it.
Junk has a real habit of collecting on top of this box.

Knowledge Example
Data
Chocolate, strawberry, vanilla

Information
This is a list of flavour of ice cream sales yesterday.
The data now has some context and so make sense. A bit of
analysis is useful to glean more information.
For example, the most popular flavour of ice cream sold
yesterday is vanilla.

Knowledge
The shop manager can see that vanilla is the most popular icecream flavour. Next time he places an order, he will ask for five
times as much vanilla ice-cream than chocolate ice-cream.

Knowledge Example
Data
14-05-08, 09-10-08, 21-11-08, 09-09-08, 31-07-08

Information
These are a list of dates in dd/mm/yy format. They are booked dates for a holiday
cottage.
Now that the format of the data is known, it can be processed further. For example, they
could be sorted into time order

The dates are sorted into order:


14th May 2008
31st July 2008
9th September 2008
9th October 2008
21st November 2008

Knowledge
The owner of the holiday cottage can see that it has hardly been rented over the summer
period. She might decide to lower her rental price in order to get extra bookings.

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