Properties of

Circles
By: Tyas Ajeng Puspitasari

Bina Bangsa School Malang

February 2016

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Part 1: Symmetrical
Properties of Circle

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Review part 1: Symmetrical properties of Circle

Property 1:

A straight line drawn from the centre of a

circle to bisect a chord
O

A
C

A straight line drawn from the centre

of a circle to bisect a chord, is
perpendicular to the chord.

B
A

Conversely

The perpendicular to a chord drawn from the

centre of a circle

C
O

The perpendicular to a chord drawn

from the centre of a circle, bisect the
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chord.

Review part 1: Symmetrical properties of Circle

P

Property 2:

In equal circle, equal chords are

equidistant from the centre.

B
Conversely

O
A

BP

Chords which are equidistant from the

centre are equal.

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Part 2: Angle
Properties of Circle

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Subtended angle

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Angle Properties of Circles

Property 1:

is

subtended by minor arc AB at

the point P at the circumference.

is

subtended by minor arc AB at

the centre
B

The angle subtended by an arc at the

centre of a circle is twice that
subtended at the circumference of the
circle

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Angle Properties of Circles

Property 2:

is

subtended by diameter at the

circumference of the circle, is a
right angle.
B

The angle subtended by diameter at

the circumference of the circle is a
right angle

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Angle Properties of Circles

Property 3:

is

P
R

subtended by minor arc AB at

the point at the circumference.
is

angle subtended by minor arc

AB at the point at the
circumference
is angle subtended by minor arc
B
A
AB at the point at the
circumference
, and angles subtended by the same arc AB
O

They are ANGLES IN THE SAME SEGMENT

Angles

in the same segment of a circle are

equal.
= =

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Angles in Opposite Segments

of a Circle

A cyclic quadrilateral: a quadrilateral with its four vertices

lying on the circumference of a circle.
P

PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral

and are angles in opposite segments

and are angles in opposite segments

R

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Exploration

A
70

In

figure beside, O is the centre of the circle, are

angles in opposite segments, and

O
220

What is the value of obtuse angle ?

(at centre = 2 )

What is the value of reflex angle ?

What is the value of obtuse angle ?

(at centre)

What is the sum of and ?

140

B
110
C

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Exploration

P
a

In

figure beside, O is the centre of the circle, are

angles in opposite segments

O 2a
360

What is the value of obtuse angle ?

(at centre = 2 )

What is the value of reflex angle ?

What is the value of obtuse angle ?

(at centre)

What can you conclude about the sum of a and b?

2a
Q

180 a b
R

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CONCLUSION
Angles

in opposite segments are supplementary.

(abbreviated: in opp. segments are supp.)

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Secant

A straight line cutting a circle at two

distinct point
O
A1

Tangent

B1

If a straight line and a circle have only one

point of contact, that line is called a tangent
O

B
X

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Tangent Property
Tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius drawn
to the point of contact
This property abbreviated as:

tan rad
O
r
A

B
X

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Tangents from an External Point

In and

(tan rad)
(radii of the same circle)
OP is common
Hence:
and are congruent (RHS PROPERTY)
AP = BP

CONCLUSION:
(i) Tangents drawn to a circle from an external point are
equal
(ii)The tangents subtend equal angles at the center
(iii)The line joining the external point to the center of the
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circle bisect the angle between the tangents.

Stating reason

Property

Reason

Property 1

Property 2

Property 3
Property 3
Angles in
cyclic
Angles
in
quadrilater
cyclic
al
quadrilater
al

= =

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Property

Reason

tangent

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Other properties that can be use

Property
C

Reason

B
C

On triangle
B

Isosceles triangle

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Other properties that can be use

Property

Reason

at a point

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Parallel lines
Property

Reason

Correspondin
g angles

Alternate
angles

Interior
angles

at parallel line

at parallel line

at parallel line

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