ORACLE MS - AN INTRODUCTION

Manufacturing Scheduling

Agenda
Overview of Manufacturing scheduling
Basic Setup
Related Configuration
Scheduling Basic Concepts
Job Scheduling Workbench
Workbench Menus And Tool Bar
Using The Scheduler Workbench
Rescheduling Discrete Jobs
Viewing Scheduling Exceptions

Overview Of Manufacturing Scheduling.

Oracle Manufacturing Scheduling is a comprehensive shop floor
scheduling tool that allows you to graphically view and optimally
schedule jobs based on constraints. As a result, you maximize
throughput while minimizing costs
Why we need
Manufacturing
Scheduling ?

Overview Of Manufacturing Scheduling.

Consider the problem of scheduling two jobs J1,J2 with one
operation each to be loaded in a same resource R1.
R1

J2

J1

How many schedules are possible?

Ans: 2 schedules J1, J2 or J2,J1
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Overview Of Manufacturing Scheduling.

If there are 3 jobs?
R1

J1

J2

J3

How many schedules are possible?

Ans : 3! 3 x 2 x 1= 6schedules.
For 10 jobs 10 ! = 36,28,800 schedules.
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Overview Of Manufacturing Scheduling.

In real shop floor scenario there are N number of jobs to be loaded in N
number of resources and imagine the complexity involved in scheduling
R1

J1

J2

J3

R2

Jn

J1

R3

J2

J1

J3

Jn

Jn

Rn

J1

J2

Jn

How does Oracle Manufacturing scheduling tackle this complexity of

scheduling the Discrete jobs?
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Overview Of Manufacturing Scheduling.

Oracle Manufacturing Scheduling consists of two major components:

Constraint-based scheduling engine

Scheduler Workbench

The constraint-based scheduling engine schedules jobs and operations based on

user-predefined objectives, priorities, resources, and material constraints. You can
reschedule single jobs and operations or the entire shop floor.
The Scheduler Workbench lets you graphically view and reschedule single jobs and
operations based on constraints, such as resource or material shortages. It provides
you with a visual display (Gantt chart) of jobs on the shop floor. You can
interactively reschedule jobs, operations, and resources. You can manually control
the rescheduling or let the system automatically optimize the schedule based on
resource and material constraints. The Scheduler Workbench interfaces directly with
Oracle Work in Process.

Overview Mfg Scheduling Product Placement.

Material
Availability

Oracle Inventory

Disc
rete
Jo

l&
Bil ing
ut
Ro

bs

Oracle Mfg Scheduling

Oracle Work in Process

Oracle Bill of Material

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Overview -Manufacturing Scheduling- Product Key Features.

Graphically view shop floor jobs, operation and resources
Ability to select primary objective of WIP scheduling
Resource load vs. Capacity view
Simultaneous and Alternate resource consideration
Ability to simulate capacity change
Resource batching capabilities
Resource instance consideration
Ability to sequence and group jobs based on setup changeovers

Section 1: Basic Set up And Related Configuration

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Basic- Set up
WIP Parameter Scheduling Tab

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Basic-Setup
WIP Profile Define Discrete Job Form

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Related Configurations
Resource Scheduling

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Related Configurations
Simultaneous Resources Start Operation @ same time

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Related Configurations
Alternate Resources

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Related Configurations
Defining Penalty Factors

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Related Configurations
Defining SETUP Types

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Related Configurations
Assign SETUP Times to Resources

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Related Configurations
Assign SETUP Times to Resources

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Related Configurations
Define Resource Instances (Man & Machine type resources)

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Related Configurations
Define Resource Batching

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Section 2: Scheduling Basic Concepts.

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Scheduling Basic concepts.
Scheduling Horizon
Scheduling Objectives
Constraints
Job Priority
Penalties
Requested Due Date/ Requested Start Date.
Midpoint Scheduling.

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Scheduling Horizon ( S.H)

Scheduling Horizon/ Window is the horizontal length in days set in the WIP parameter.
It starts from current date and time and is indicated by a violet line in the job
scheduling workbench.
Only jobs within the scheduling horizon are scheduled.
The scheduling engine will look for capacity only till the end of the horizon ( it assumes
infinite capacity after the end of the horizon).
When scheduling all jobs, the scheduling engine does not schedule jobs with past
due dates, or jobs outside of the scheduling horizon.
Typically the horizon length is set anywhere between 7 and 30 days.

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Scheduling Horizon - Illustration
Your scheduling Horizon = 30 days.
1) Discrete Job J1
--------------------start date
= 06-Apr-2006 10.00 AM
Completion Date = 11-Apr-2006 08:00 AM
Job has not been taken as per schedule whether the job will be Rescheduled?
Ans : No ( Since the date is out of the S.H)
2) Discrete Job J1
--------------------start date
= 08-Apr-2006 20:00 PM
Completion Date = 05-May-2006 22:00 PM
Job has not been taken as per schedule whether the job will be Rescheduled?
Ans : Yes( Since the date is within the S.H)

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Scheduling Objective
You can select the primary goal, or objective, of work in process scheduling in your
plant. The choice of objective determines which unique set of scheduling logic is
used on the shop floor, and can vary from plant to plant.
Currently Oracle Manufacturing Scheduling supports the following scheduling Objective.
Maximize on time completion
Minimize setups / changeovers
Minimize operation slack (equivalent to minimize work in process)
Minimize inventory carry
Scheduling objective is set in the WIP parameter.

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Constraints
Oracle Manufacturing Scheduling uses the constraint based scheduling approach. This
means a job can be scheduled only if it satisfies the constraints.
A) Job structural constraints
These are basic constraints that relate to the structure of the job for example
all the operations have to start and end within the job start and end dates
Operation and operation resource sequences have to be satisfied (i.e... op 10 has to
come before op 20)
Most of this constraints are built in the WIP

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

B) Resource Constraints.
These are the constraints that state that a job cannot be scheduled unless there is
sufficient capacity available for the resources. For example, lets say we have two job J1
and J2, both using one resource, R1. Due to the resource constraint either J1 has to
complete before J2 starts or J2 has to complete before J1 starts. Note that resource
constraint imposes no particular sequence between jobs J1 and J2.
C) Material Constraints.
Material constraints imply that a job cannot be scheduled unless all the components (raw
material, subassembly etc.) are available. For example lets say job J3 uses a component
C3, and there is no current onhand quantity for this component, job J3 cannot be
scheduled.
One crucial difference between resource and material constraints is that resources
(machines, people etc.) are replenishable but material is not. In other words, the moment
a job finishes using a resource it is available for use by another job, but once a raw
material is consumed by a job it disappears for ever. Material constraints are optional
with Oracle Manufacturing Scheduling.
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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Job Priorities.
You can assign priorities to jobs. The scheduling engine will allocate
resource to jobs with higher priority first and then look at jobs with lower
priority (priority 1 job is considered higher than a priority 2 job). The
scheduling engine actually uses the job priority to reduce the problem
size even further. First all the priority 1 jobs are scheduled. Then all the
priority 2 jobs are picked up and scheduled.
When scheduling multiple jobs the following criteria is used:
Schedules the highest priority job firstregardless of the date of the
Requested Due Date field. Insures that resources and material are
allocated to the highest priority jobs.

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

To select the Scheduling priority
1. Navigate to the Discrete Jobs window.
2. Select the Scheduling tab.

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Job Priorities Illustration
Consider the following Discrete Jobs.
The below jobs are to be loaded in Resource R1, which is available 8hours a day in first shift.
Assuming today is 5th March- 6.00 PM, determine the job sequence. The jobs will take 1 hour for
its completion.

Ans: J3, J4, J2, J1

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Contd in next file

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Penalties
Oracle manufacturing scheduling uses a penalty system (optional) for scheduling. A
penalty value is assigned to an undesired event. For example missing the due date can
be assigned a penalty value. Finishing the job early can be assigned a penalty value.
The magnitude of these penalties represent how undesirable a particular event is with
respect to other undesirable events. For example, if the penalty for missing due dates is
greater than the penalty for finishing early, then given the choice, the scheduling engine
will finish the job early.

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Penalties that can be set in Oracle Manufacturing Scheduling

Due date penalty

Inventory carry penalty
Operation slack penalty
Setup changeover penalty

Due Date Penalty :A due date penalty can be specified in WIP Parameters that will apply
to all jobs in the organization. In addition to that each job can have its own due date
penalty that will override the setting at the organization level. Due date penalty is
specified as penalty per day late. If the job is late by a fraction of a day then partial
penalties will apply. There is a due date tolerance that can be specified at the org level
and overridden at the job level. This due date tolerance indicates the maximum lateness
allowed in days. In other words, after the due date + due date tolerance, the penalty
becomes infinite
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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Due Date Penalty

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Inventory Carry Penalty
Specified in organization item definition WIP tab region. This penalty
will come into act, if a job is completed earlier then the Requested Due
Date.

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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Requested Due Date / Requested Start Date.
When you create a Discrete job, you either specify the Requested start
date in which the job has to start or Requested Due Date in which the job
has to complete. These dates are the target dates in which you want the
job to start or complete.
After you select a Requested Start Date or Requested Due Date, the
scheduling engine uses that date and scheduling constraintsand
attempts to meet the request.
The constraint-based scheduling engine uses the Requested Start Date
value to schedule the job from that starting point for forward scheduling,
or the Requested Due Date value to schedule the job from that ending
point for backward scheduling.
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Scheduling Basic Concepts

Midpoint Scheduling
Midpoint scheduling refers to rescheduling of operation within a job.
There are two methods of scheduling an operation
Both Directions from Operation (Mid point): Use this method if you
want to schedule both previous and next operation for this selected
operation. Previous operations are backward scheduled and next
operations are forward scheduled.
Forward from Operation (Midpoint Forward): Use this method if you
want to schedule operations next to the selected operations.

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Section 3: Job Scheduling Workbench

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Job Scheduling Workbench-1

Layout of Scheduler Workbench

1 Tree Hierarchy
1

2 Gantt Chart

3 Select Resource (s)

4 Res. vs. Capacity
3

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Job Scheduling Workbench-2

Changing Timeline

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Job Scheduling Workbench-3

Workbench Menus

File
Revert and Refresh
Save and Refresh
Close
Edit
Cut
Copy
Paste
Clear Selected
Select All
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Job Scheduling Workbench-3

Workbench Menus

View
Bar Inspector
Resource Load
Refresh Resource Load
Filter
Schedule
Manual/Automatic Scheduling
Take Shop Floor Snapshot
Schedule Multiple Work Orders
View All Exceptions
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Job Scheduling Workbench-3

Workbench Menus

Tools
WIP Parameters
Create/Modify Work Orders
View Item Supply/Demand
Show Discrete Workstation
Help
About Scheduling Workbench
Library
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Job Scheduling Workbench-3

Workbench Toolbar

Save and Refresh

Revert and Refresh
Take Shopfloor Snapshot
Automatic/Manual Scheduling
Show/Hide Resource Load
Refresh Resource Load

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Job Scheduling Workbench-4

Filtering Jobs

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Job Scheduling Workbench-5

Properties Window

Job Properties

Operation Properties
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Job Scheduling Workbench-6

Selecting Resources

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Job Scheduling Workbench-7

Adjusting Resource Capacity Use of Simulation Set

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Job Scheduling Workbench-8

Manually Reschedule Job/Operation/Resource Using Pointer

Point at the start or end of a job, operation,

or resource bar.
Grab and drag to the right (forward) or left
(backward). The beginning or end of the bar
moves to the right or left, respectively.
Save your work.

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Job Scheduling Workbench-9

Manually Reschedule Job/Operation/Resource Using Editor

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Job Scheduling Workbench-10

Automatically Reschedule Job/Operation Using Pointer
Toggle or select Automatic/Manual Scheduling from the menu or
toolbar.
Point at the beginning or end of a job/operation.
Grab and drag to the right (forward) or left (backward). The
Automatic
Reschedule window appears.
Verify date and scheduling direction.
Choose Schedule.
Choose Refresh Resource Load to view changes prior to saving.
Save your work.
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Job Scheduling Workbench-10.1

Automatically Reschedule Job/Operation Using Pointer

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Job Scheduling Workbench-10.2

Automatically Reschedule Job/Operation Using Pointer

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Job Scheduling Workbench-10.3

Automatically Reschedule Job Using Rescheduler

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Job Scheduling Workbench-10.4

Automatically Reschedule Operation Using Rescheduler

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Rescheduling Discrete Jobs

Some updates and changes made to jobs automatically launch
the reschedule process. This includes changes to:
Start job quantity
Start date
Completion date
Requested Start Date
Requested Due Date
Bill of Material Revision
Routing Revision
All other changes such as updates to the job heading, routing, bill
of materialrequire that you manually launch the reschedule
process. Refresh the Gantt chart to view these changes.
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Rescheduling Discrete Jobs

Schedule All Jobs together using Concurrent Program

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Rescheduling Discrete Jobs

Schedule All Jobs together from Workbench

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Scheduling Exceptions
Viewing Scheduling Exceptions

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Scheduling Exceptions-1
Viewing Scheduling Exceptions

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