Kul-24 4410 Chapter 9.2.2

Machinery Auxiliary Systems
Cooling systems
Heat from diesel engine and auxiliary units is directly or
indirectly dissipated to sea water. Exceptions are exhaust
gas and radiation.
Temperature control is important
Wide variation of the cooling energy demand.
Wide variation of sea water temperature
Engine sensitivity to temperature deviations
Preferably independent systems for MEs (2x) and AEs for
simple adjustment
Water flow can be prevented by air pockets, ice slush or
entered material.
Chemical purity is important
Pentti Hkkinen ER auxiliaries 9.2.

Wrtsil New Professionals 3.-7.11.2008
Cooling Systems
Cooling energy distribution at various load
Radiation
Fuel energy
100%
1%
Mechanical
energy
47%
Exhaust gas
26 %
Exhaust gas
heat recovery
can increase
the produced
mechanical
energy 3%
Cooling water
loss 26%
LT Cooling System
Air evacuation, expansion tk
Throttle Gear cooler Other coolers
HT water
cooler
Lub oil
cooler
Air cooler
II stage
Bypass
line for
low load
Therm. valve Central coolers
Direct driven pumps
Direct driven
cooling water
pumps
Direct driven
lubrication oil
pump

Sea Water Cooling System

Components
Low and high sea chests:
Volume in GA drawings. 1m3 /750kW.
Not necessarily on opposite sides.
Sea water main line:

Cunifer or rubber coated steel pipe
ND250 600 or duct in double bottom,
often in the very crowded area
Central coolers:
2 easily cleaned titanium plate coolers
Main sea water pumps:

SW and ballast pumps directly above
SW main line

Central coolers
3-way valve
Air pipe
Non-return
valve
S.W. pump
Side valve
Intake Filter Temper. Main SW Isolation Double

grating basket sensor line
valve
bottom
Ice
sea chest
(which is
extending
above CWL)

Sea water and
fresh water cooling pumps
Main sea water cooling

line, mixing valve and filter

Sea Water Cooling Systems

Alternatives
Box cooler, good operation
record in smaller ships
Vent pipe
Shelter plate
Shallow (H= 100 mm)

tank against bottom
plate. Internal baffle
plates promote the
heat transfer
Bolted
flange
Cleaning
air feed
Inlet grid
Keel cooler, used in

Mississippi muddy
waters, in river boats
Outlet grid
Position of Cooling System & Air Units

LT, SW pumps
Sea water pumps
High sea chest

Central coolers
Lub oil coolers

Low sea chest
Start. air vessels & compressors
Starting Air System

General
Common 30 bar system for main and auxiliary engines. Control air and
work tool air 7 bar systems may be integrated in simple ships.
Location
In engine room (redundant engine rooms). Receivers can be stowed on wall.
Main components
Duplicate compressors and air receivers, separate receiver for aux. engines.
For low speed engines compressor motor 2 * 50kW, air receivers 2 *10m3.
Design problems
Very seldom
Operation problems
Neglected draining, water or air accumulation. Explosion risk
Engine Room Ventilation System

Inlet blowers
2 4 in main engine room.
Often 1 2 are reversible / 2 speed motors.
Total capacity is engine nominal air consumption + 70 100%
Free air exhaust through engine casing

Exhaust blowers & ducts from purifier room & other oil mist
areas
Channels: round fabricated ducts or square welded air channels.

Dampers arranged for closing of all air channels.
Design problems
reserved space consumed by other systems. Collision with girders,
holes needed in girder web. Horizontal channels below car deck
are often rectangular and flat.
Engine Room Ventilation Systems

Casing can be tightly
closed in case of fire
Main ventilation
fans (or located
at lower end)
Main duct with major

branches to engines
and burners
Accommodation
ventilation room
Separate air
channel to
control room
Air cooling
unit
Branch duct
to spaces
below floor
Suction from purifier room and below floor

Exhaust Gas System

Exhaust gas piping has influence on engine performance,
noise emission and general fire safety. Flow velocity 35 m/s
Support must permit thermal expansion, disconnect
structural noise and prevent loads on turbine casing. Special
demands in resiliently mounted engines.
Space problems in engine room (below car deck) and inside
the too crowded casing
Heat recovered from main engines, sometimes aux. engines
Catalyst reactor fitted before boiler. Separate noise silencer
needed in most ships
Exhaust gas boilers have separate gas side, water side may
be common.
Pakoputken vienti autokannen alla

Exhaust Gas System
Bellows and
supports allow
thermal
expansion.
Boiler by-pass line is

seldom used in Europe
for capacity control
Overhaul space
of exhaust boiler
tube bundles
Strong support
on pipe corners
is vital.
Heavy boiler demands

strong support structure
Rain or boiler wash water
must in no conditions
reach engine

Exhaust Gas Piping

Ventilation air exit
Aux. engine exhaust pipe Exhaust gas boilers
Steam boiler
exhaust pipe
Main engine
exhaust pipe
Ventilation Systems MS Seahorse

Free air exhaust
through casing
4 Engine room
supply fans
Silencing air intake

grid and chamber
4 main air inlet channels,
some extend to ER floor
-5
10

15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Air suction fans and

ducts from purifier room
60
65
70
75
Exhaust Gas System

Typical exhaust boiler
Feed
water in
Rotatable
soot removal
steam blower
Steam &
feed water
mixture out
Water circulates in
30mm steel tubes,
rib distance 15mm
Hatch to
tube end
chamber
Hatch to
exhaust gas
chamber
Starting Air and Exhaust Gas Systems MS Seahorse

Main engine
exhaust pipe
Main air
receivers
Aux engine
exhaust pipe
Working air
receiver
-5
10

15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Main air
compressors
55
60
65
70
75
Starting Air and Exhaust Gas Systems MS Seahorse

Main engine
exhaust pipe
& composite
steam boiler
Main deck 19500
Third deck 12200
Double bottom 2700

Base line

Main air
Main air
compressors receivers
Working air
receiver and
compressor

Kul-24 4410 Chapter 9.2.2

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Machinery Auxiliary Systems

Pentti Hkkinen ER auxiliaries 9.2.

Direct driven pumps

Pentti Hkkinen ER auxiliaries 9.2.

Sea Water Cooling System

Sea water main line:

Main sea water pumps:

Sea Water Cooling System

Intake Filter Temper. Main SW Isolation Double

Sea Water Cooling System

Main sea water cooling

Pentti Hkkinen ER auxiliaries 9.2.

Sea Water Cooling Systems

Shallow (H= 100 mm)

Keel cooler, used in

Position of Cooling System & Air Units

Sea water pumps

High sea chest

Lub oil coolers

Starting Air System

Engine Room Ventilation System

Free air exhaust through engine casing

Channels: round fabricated ducts or square welded air channels.

Engine Room Ventilation Systems

Main duct with major

Suction from purifier room and below floor

Exhaust Gas System

Pakoputken vienti autokannen alla

Pentti Hkkinen ER auxiliaries 9.2.

Exhaust Gas System

Boiler by-pass line is

Heavy boiler demands

Pentti Hkkinen ER auxiliaries 9.2.

Exhaust Gas Piping

Aux. engine exhaust pipe Exhaust gas boilers

Ventilation Systems MS Seahorse

Silencing air intake

Pentti Hkkinen ER auxiliaries 9.2.

Air suction fans and

Exhaust Gas System

Starting Air and Exhaust Gas Systems MS Seahorse

Pentti Hkkinen ER auxiliaries 9.2.

Starting Air and Exhaust Gas Systems MS Seahorse

Third deck 12200

Double bottom 2700

Pentti Hkkinen ER auxiliaries 9.2.

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