What is STI

How can this be ACQUIRED?

What are its TYPES?
What are its SIGNS AND
SYMTOMS?
Who are AT RISK?
Is there a CURE?
How can it be PREVENTED?

What are STIs?

SexuallyTransmittedInfectionsor
STIare infections that can be
transmitted mainly through sexual
contact during unprotected
vaginal, oral, or anal intercourse.
Anyone can catch an STD. Dont
believe that only certain sorts of
people get STDs. It is not true. Its
not who you are but what you do that
puts you at risk of getting infected
with STD.

Complications
Swelling of the eyes, infertility
Blindness
Insanity
Insomnia

CHLAMYDIA
Abacterialinfection
Appears7-21days
afterbeinginfected
Usuallyhas
nosymptomsespeciallyin
men.

Signs and Symptoms

sticky,colorlessvaginal
secretions
abnormalmenstruation
frequentandburningpain
sensationduringurination
foulsmell
fever

Complications
Inwomen,
PelvicinflammatoryDisease(PID),
ectopicpregnancy,bleedingafter
intercourse,abnormalperiods,inf
ertility, rheumatism
Inmen,
inflammationof the
testicles,Infertility,rheumatism,
inflammationofthe eye
(conjunctivitis),

GONORRHEA
Abacterialinfection-(NeisseriaGonorrhea)
Symptomsappear3-9daysafterinfect.
SignsandSymptoms

Presenceofwhiteoryellow
dischargesfromthevagina
Frequentandburningpain
sensationduringurination
Fever
Abnormalperiods
Irritationoftheuterus
SignandSymptoms

Frequentandburningpain
sensationduringurination
Presenceofwhiteoryellow
dischargesfromthepenis
Fever
Irritationofthepenis

Complications
In
women:PelvicinflammatoryDisease(PID),
intensepainaroundthecervices,Infertility
Inmen,inflammationof
thetesticles,Infertility.Neonatalconj
unctivitis

TRICHOMONIASIS
Protozoalinfection
Appears2-4daysafterinfection(Trichomonas Vaginalis)

Symptoms
presenceofabundantwatery,
bubblyyellowishdischargeswitha
fishysmellandanitch.
Intenseitchingaroundthelabias
causedbytheparasite
Abnormalbleeding

SYPHILIS

Treponema Pallidium

FIRSTSTAGE

appears3-6weeksafterinfection
Appearanceofpainlessssore(Chancre)intheareawherethe
organismenteredthebody.
Itisstillcontagiousevenwithoutsymptoms.

SECONDSTAGE
Rashappearsalloverthebodylikemeasleseveninthe
palmandsole
Mouthlesions,sorethroat,headache,
lethargy,fever,musclepain,baldness

THIRD STAGE

Allsymptomsmayappearafter10-30years
deepwoundsondifferentpartsofthebody.
complications:
blindness,deafness,paralysisand
irregularitywiththeteeth,arthritis,anemia,heartandbrain
disease.
ItsDifficulttotreatandmaybefatal

HERPES SIMPLEX

Viralinfection:Herpes Simplex Virus

Appears2-7daysfrominfection
Sings & symptoms
Fever;
Set/cluster of chickenpox-like water
blisters (itchy, prickly)
Pain during urination
pain ingenitalia during intercourse
Sore on thigh, leg and lower

abdomen

appearance of sores on the mouth of

the uterus and lower portions

Complications
Cancerofthecervix
Blindness
insanity
infertility
infection/deathoffetus

GENITAL WARTS
Appears6-12monthsafterbeinginfected
Viralinfection(Human Papilloma Virus)

Signs & symptoms

Wartinsideandoutside
theaffectedorgan
Itchinessduetowart
WartthatGrowslike
acauliflower

PUBIC LICE
Skin parasites
(Pediculos Pubis, 3 mm)

Symptoms
Intenseitching
andsmallwoundsaroundthelabiaandmonspubis
Fullofwhiteeggsinthepubichair
Dottedstainofbloodinundergarments

Complications
Woundsmayattendinfection,
irritation,insomnia,
depressionandfever.

HEPATITIS B
Inflammationoftheliver
jaundiceoftheeyesandskin
CausedbyHepatitisBVirus
Transmittedthroughblood,saliva,semen,andvaginalsecretion
Initialsymptoms:2-5monthsafterbeinginfected
Incurable

STI Management and Care

4Cs
Counseling
Compliance
Condom(carefulornosex)
PartnerNotification(contacttracing)

Prevention is still the best

medicine.

TAKE NOTE!
not all STI gives its symptoms immediately.
AnSTIcarriermayinfectanotherindividual
withoutitsknowledge
AnindividualmayhaveallthetypesofSTI
allatthesametime!

An individual with STI has a greater risk of

being infected with HIV.

C:\WINDOWS\hinhem.scr

A virus that attacks the

bodys immune system and
weakens its ability to fight
off life threatening
diseases.

What is AIDS?
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome or AIDS is
a medical condition where a person already has so
much HIV inside the body.
The virus has badly damaged his/her immune system
making him/her easily susceptible to various illnesses,
which may cause death.

Is there a difference between HIV and AIDS?

Yes.
HIV is the virus that can be transmitted.
AIDS is the body condition that is a result of HIV
infection

1. Unprotected penetrative sexual intercourse

Vaginal sex
Anal sex
Oral sex
2. Blood & blood products
Blood transfusion
Organ transplantation
Sharing of used needles or syringes
3. Infected mother to child
Pregnancy
Delivery
Breast feeding

TYPES OF TRANSMISSON
BLOOD
SEMEN
VAGINAL SECRETION
BREAST MILK

Why is HIV transmitted only in these ways?

Semen, cervical and vaginal secretions, blood and
breast milk are body fluids where high concentration
of HIV can be found. Although HIV may also be
present in other body fluids such as saliva, sweat, tears
and urine, concentration is much too low. Thus,
contacts with these fluids will not result to infection.

How HIV is being

transmitted?

How to avoid HIV/AIDS?

-Abstinence

-Befaithful

-Carefulsex

-Donotsharecontaminatedneedles

-Earlydiagnosisandtreatmentand
EducationonSTI/HIV/AIDS

HIVs not transmitted thru:

kissing
coughing
tears
saliva
sweats

sneezing
hugging
beso-beso
handshaking
Sharingthetoilet

Clothelending
Partakinginfood
Borrowingofutensils
Mosquitobites
Sleepingtogether

How will you determine if the person

has already HIV?

HIV Antibody Testing

R.A. 8504 otherwise known as the Philippine AIDS Prevention

& Control Act of 1998
Mandates the provision of information and education to all the
sectors in the community
Protects people living with HIV/AIDS in the Philippines
preserve, promote, protect their rights
Safeguards untimely disclosure of a persons HIV status

(confidentiality)

Prohibits Mandatory Testing

Mandates Pre-post & Post-test counseling

Mandates establishment of programs and services both in

prevention/control and Care/support

The HIV antibody test is ANONYMOUS and

CONFIDENTIAL. Anonymous means that one will not
give his/her name. The result will not be given to anyone
except the owner. The highest level of confidentiality should
be maintained in handling HIV information of persons. (RA
8504, Section 30)

The HIV antibody test requires Pre and Post Test

counseling. Counseling will enable the person to:
Know more about HIV/AIDS and the test;
Assess personal risk;
Be aware of available support; and
Make personal plans accordingly.

Is it important to undertake an HIV antibody test?

Yes!! taking an HIV antibody test and knowing whether one

has HIV or not will enable one to make plans, either to
maintain an HIV negative status or if HIV positive, to ensure
that one will not be infecting other especially ones partner.

Should all individuals be tested?

No!! Only those who think that they have gotten the
virus and are prepared to take the test should undergo
HIV antibody testing.

What do the HIV antibody test result mean?

Positive or Reactive means one has been infected with HIV. A
positive result does not necessarily mean that one has
AIDS. It means that the virus is in the ones body and
could already transmit the virus to other.
Negative or Non-Reactive means that HIV antibodies were
not detected in ones blood because of either of the two
reasons:
One has not been infected with HIV, or
One may already have the virus and could
already infect another but he/she is still within the
window period . This is a false negative result

PROPER WAY OF APPLYING A CONDOM

1.

Make sure that the condom has not yet expired.

2.

Pinch the tip of the condom in order to assure absence of air.

3.

Apply the condom on the erected penis.

4.

Use only water-based lubricants. Do not apply oil and lotion.

5. Take extra care in removal of the condom to avoid semen

leakage.