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Workshop 1

Taylor Impact Test


Basic Simulation

ANSYS Explicit Dynamics

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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Workshop Goal and Procedure

Training Manual

Goal:
Simulate the impact of rod into a plate (typically known as a Taylor Test)

Procedure:
Create an Explicit Dynamics (ANSYS) Analysis System Project
Select the unit system and assign the material properties
Create the rod and plate geometry in DesignModeler
Mesh the two parts and set the initial velocity condition of the rod
Define the analysis settings, boundary conditions, and applied loads
Initiate the solution (AUTODYN - STR) and review the results

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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 1 Create the Project Schematic

Training Manual

Start ANSYS Workbench and follow the sequenced steps using the
abbreviations shown below:

DC = Double Click with Left Mouse Button


SC = Single Click with Left Mouse Button
RMB = Right Mouse Button Selection
D&D = Drag and Drop = Hold Left Mouse Button down on item while
dragging it to new location and then release it (i.e., Copy or Move)

1. Create an ANSYS Explicit Dynamics Analysis System Project

DC

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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 1 Create the Project Schematic ...

Training Manual

An alternate method to create the Project Schematic would have


been to Drag and Drop the Explicit Dynamics (ANSYS) Analysis
System onto the blank screen to the right as shown below. Please
note that, throughout these Workshops, the procedures shown are
not always the only way to accomplish the desired tasks, so feel
free to investigate other methods via the documentation when
outside of this course.

D&D

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Step 2 Specify the Project Units

Training Manual

2.a Select MKS for the Project Units


from the Units List provided
2.b Request that Native Applications
in Workbench have their values be
Displayed in the Project Units

Note:
Engineering Data is native in Workbench, but DesignModeler and
Mechanical are NOT currently (but will be in the future). Therefore,
always check that the local units system is as desired.

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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 3 Define Engineering Data Material


DC

Training Manual

3.a Edit the Engineering Data cell to select


pre-defined material models from one of
the pre-defined material libraries.
3.b Select the General Non-linear Materials
library. These materials have sufficient
physical property data defined so that they
can be used in both ANSYS implicit and
explicit analyses.

Note:
The material models in
the Explicit Materials
library are generally
more complicated and
can only be used in
explicit dynamic
analyses.

SC

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Step 3 Define Engineering Data Material ...

Training Manual

3.c Select the + sign


to the right of the
Aluminum Alloy NL
material model to
add it to the
Engineering Data
library.

3.d Likewise, select the


+ sign to the right
of the Structural
Steel NL material.
Note the symbol of a
book that appears
indicating success.
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SC

SC

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Step 3 Define Engineering Data Material ...


3.e Return to the
Engineering Data
cell and note the
added materials.

Training Manual

SC

3.f Return to the Project


Schematic
3.g Save the Project by
selecting the Save As
icon and Browse to the
directory indicated by
your instructor. Enter
taylor_basic for the
Project name.

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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 4 Create the Geometry

RMB

SC

Training Manual

4.a To create new geometry, follow the


procedure shown. Double Clicking on
the Geometry cell will also work,
since New Geometry ... is the default
action for the Geometry cell when a
geometry file is not already associated
with the Project.

4.b Select Meter as the desired length unit.


4.c Select Always use project unit to get
around the problem of DesignModeler not
currently being native in Workbench. When
new geometry is created, the existing
Project units will be used in DesignModeler.
4.d Select OK to enter DesignModeler (DM).
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Step 4 Create the Geometry ...


SC

Training Manual

4.e Select the Sketching tab.

4.f Next select the Circle tool from the


Draw Toolbox. This tool requires
that the center point be entered first
followed by a point on the circles
circumference.

SC

SC
4.g Use the Left Mouse Button (LMB) and click
on graph origin (a P will appear when the
mouse is over the origin). With the LMB still
depressed, slide the pointer away from the
center until a circle is created. Then let go of
the LMB, completing the circle operation.

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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 4 Create the Geometry ...

Training Manual

4.h Select the General tool from the


Dimensions Toolbox.

RMB
4.i RMB select the Radius
operation for the General
Dimensions tool. This is a
temporary selection of a
dimension type.
4.j Select the circle,
creating dimension
R1. Then enter
0.010 meters in the
Details View for the
circle radius.
Resize the graphics
view, if desired.
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Step 4 Create the Geometry ...

Training Manual

4.k Select the Extrude


icon, which brings
up the Modeling
mode.

4.l Enter a Fixed Depth


of 0.030 meters in
the Normal Direction
via the Details View.

4.m Select the Generate icon to complete the extrusion operation.


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Step 4 Create the Geometry ...

Training Manual

4.n Return to the Sketching


mode and create a new
sketch (Sketch2) for the
plate construction.
4.o Select the Rectangle tool
from the Draw Toolbox
and draw the rectangle
shown by dragging the
LMB, using the opposite
corners of the rectangle to
define it.
4.p The dimensions of the
rectangle will be defined
next, so now select the
Dimensions Toolbox.
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Step 4 Create the Geometry ...

Training Manual

4.q Select the General tool under the Dimensions Toolbox and
dimension the lines on the top and right side to be 0.040 meters
long. Since the rectangle is no longer centered about the circle,
additional dimensions will need to be defined.
4.r For the next two
dimensions, use the
RMB to select the
Horizontal and then
the Vertical options,
respectively.

RMB selections

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Step 4 Create the Geometry ...

Training Manual

4.s After specifying a Horizontal General


dimension via the RMB, make sure that
ONLY the Vertex filter is active. This will
prevent lines from being accidentally
selected, thereby simplifying the task.
4.t Select the origin, and while holding the
Ctrl key down, select the top right corner
of the rectangle to create dimension H4.
Repeat this procedure (after specifying a
Vertical General dimension via the RMB)
with the same two points to create
dimension V5.
4.u Enter 0.020 meters for both H4 and V5 in
the Details View for these dimensions.
The rectangle is now centered correctly.
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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 4 Create the Geometry ...

Training Manual

4.v Select the Extrude icon, which accesses the Modeling


mode, and set the Operation to Add Frozen to prevent
merging of the bodies.
4.w Enter a
Fixed Depth
of 0.010 m in
the Reversed
Direction.

4. x Extrude
Sketch2 via
Generate.
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Step 4 Create the Geometry ...

Training Manual

4.y Rename the two solids to be Cylinder and Plate, respectively. Use
the RMB after selecting the body in the tree to access the Rename
function.
The Cylinder is not
frozen, but the Plate
is frozen. Since the
bodies touch each
other, they would be
merged into one
body if both bodies
were unfrozen.

RMB

4.z Save the Project

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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 5 Edit the Model in Mechanical

Training Manual

5.a Edit the model in Workbench Mechanical.

RMB

SC

5.b Select the MKS Units system

Recall that Mechanical is not native in Workbench,


so the Units here may not match the Project Units

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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 5 Edit the Model in Mechanical ...

Training Manual

5.c Assign the material Aluminum Alloy NL to the Cylinder and the
material Structural Steel NL to the Plate. To access the materials
stored in the Engineering Data library, click on the default material
currently assigned to the part, and a small fly-out arrow will appear.
Clicking on that arrow lists the materials available for use.

SC

SC

SC
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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 5 Edit the Model in Mechanical ...


5.d Delete the automatically defined
Contact Region. Alternatively, it
can be changed from Type Bonded
to Frictionless, but the existing
Body Interactions are sufficient as
shown below.

Training Manual

RMB

Penalty-based Trajectory contact is


the default interaction and the type
is Frictionless.

SC

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Step 6 Set Sizing Controls and Mesh Model

Training Manual

6.a Select the Mesh branch


6.b Specify the Mesh Details:

Physics Preference = Explicit


Element Size = 0.003 meters

6.c Generate the mesh

RMB

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Step 7 Define the Initial Conditions

Training Manual

7.a Apply an Initial Velocity Condition to the Cylinder as shown.

SC

RMB

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Note:
If the Body
selection
filter is not
automatically
activated for
the initial
velocity
condition,
select it
manually.

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Step 7 Define the Initial Conditions ...

Training Manual

7.b Choose to define


the Initial Velocity
by Components:

X = 0 m/sec
Y = 0 m/sec
Z = -300 m/sec

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Step 8 Define the Analysis Settings


SC

Training Manual

8.a Select Analysis Settings in the tree and


set the End Time to be 2.0e-4 seconds in
the Details View.
8.b Keep the remaining default settings.

8.c Twenty equally-spaced results sets


should be sufficient for the animations.

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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 9 Apply Boundary Conditions


9.a Pick the Face selection filter.

Training Manual

RMB

9.b Insert a Fixed


Support on the
back face of the
Plate. Rotate the
geometry, as
needed.

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Step 10 Insert Result Items to Postprocess

Training Manual

10.a Insert a Directional


Deformation plot
request under the
Solution branch and
set the Orientation to
the Z Axis in the
Details View.

RMB

RMB
10.b Insert an Equivalent
Plastic Strain plot
request under the
Solution branch.
10.c Save the Project.
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Workshop 1. Taylor Impact Test Basic Simulation

Step 11 Run the AUTODYN Simulation

Training Manual

11.a Select Solver Output under Solution


Information and RMB Solve to start the
simulation.

RMB

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11.b Note: The model


is converted to an
AUTODYN Cycle
Zero database and
submitted to the
AUTODYN solver.
The results are
written to the
standard AUTODYN
files, but are also
available in this
product for review.

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Step 11 Run the AUTODYN Simulation ...

Training Manual

11.c The Solver Output shows the run statistics. This problem will
only take a few minutes to solve and should terminate due to the
condition wrapup time reached.
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Step 12 Review the Results

Training Manual

12.a Select Energy Summary under Solution Information to view the


global statistics. Note how the Kinetic Energy of the projectile is
converted into Internal Energy during impact. Also, the Hourglass
Energy is sufficiently small (less than 10% of the Internal Energy).

Internal Energy
Kinetic Energy
Hourglass Energy

Plasticity
develops
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Step 12 Review the Results ...

Training Manual

12.b Select Directional Deformation (Z Axis) and Show the Elements


under True Scale. The maximum displacement (-0.0024 m) is in
the negative Z direction, so it appears as a minimum value.

SC

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Step 12 Review the Results ...

Training Manual

12.c Likewise, select Equivalent Plastic Strain.


12.d Animate the results by setting the controls as
shown below and then pressing the Animation
button. For transient dynamics, the default
Distributed mode is often inadequate, as it just
linearly interpolates between saved results and
not enough data sets may have been saved for
good interpolation. The Result Sets mode is
usually best, as only actual saved data is used.

Pick these 2 first


Then pick this
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Plastic
strain
constant
after rod
rebound
from
plate.
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Step 12 Review the Results ...

Training Manual

12.e If desired, hide the Plate (or even the Cylinder) to get a better view
of the remaining body. Reorient the animation as needed.

RMB

12.f Finally, Save the model


and then Exit ANSYS ...
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