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HOUSING STOCK

Presented by
Sulekha Beri

I.D. NO. 43847

INTRODUCTION
House: Is building (physical structure) which has been
constructed in a planned manner to provide strength,
stability and comfort.
Housing: Are physical structure and all amenities that
form the supportive system.
So it also consumes land & demands the provision of
physical services such as water and sewerage as well as
social services to household.

Census houses: On the basis of materials of walls and


roof houses may be classified as;
a)Kutcha house
b)Semi pucca house
c)pucca house

Housing stock: Number of census house available in


hand at a particular time.

CONDITION OF HOUSING STOCK

The qualitative and quantitative analysis of


housing stock in India indicates the quality of
living of its people.
The quantitative measures shows the direction of
growth of stock in numerals and the qualitative
issue deals with adequacy of housing in quality of
life.

ADEQUACY OF HOUSING STOCK IN


QUANTITATIVE TERM

Living space or the number of rooms available per household is


an important dimension of the quality of housing.

According to 2011 census the % of household living in single


and double rooms has declined and living in three, four and
five rooms has increased.

An analysis of the housing suggests continued poor quality of


the rural housing stock than the urban.

Most of the poor households are reported to live in one-or-two


room units (85% of the poorest) with almost two third of the
richest household living in 5+ room dwelling.

About 40% have their houses on agricultural land and an


equal proportion on non agricultural land.

About 10% of the houses are on the government land.

So this complex scenario coupled with increasing


population has resulted in a paradox, where very few
people have multiple houses while a large number of
people are left out as absolutely homeless.

STRUCTURAL QUALITY OF THE


HOUSES

The condition of the housing stock in a country is usually


assessed in relation to the materials used in housing.

Depending on the materials used, houses are usually


classified as;
1) Kutcha house- Temporary
2) Semi pucca house- Semi permanent
3) Pucca house- Permanent

About only 5% lives in handsome building equipped with


modern amenities.
About more than 50% lives in slums and squatter in the land
in urban areas.

As per results of Census 2011, significant


improvement in quality of housing has been
observed with increased proportion of
population moving away from katcha materials
like thatch, grass , bamboo, mud etc .both for
walls and roof and decline in mud as material of
floor.

MATERIALS USED FOR


CONSTRUCTION OF WALLS AND
ROOF
.

In both rural and urban areas, the proportion of houses with


pucca materials used for walls and roof has gone up.

The proportion of census houses built with mud walls declined,


while those with burnt brick have increased.

So it indicates a shift in the quality of construction in both


urban and rural areas.

Similarly the proportion of houses built with RCC has


increased substantially. So it indicates a shift in the quality of
construction in both urban and rural areas.

TENURE STATUS OF HOUSEHOLD

The proportion of households living in owned house has


increased steadily both in urban and rural area.

The medium income family acquire a small flat in a cooperative housing society.

The higher income group families built their houses by


investing large amount on land.

As the principal occupation of most rural household is


agriculture, the space requirement of these households are
more, so poor people and farmers are unable to have their own
houses.

SERVICE LEVELS
Availability of piped water, electricity and toilet facilities are
indicator of housing standards
Drinking water :
Eighty seven percent of households use tap, tube well,
hand pump and covered well as source of drinking water
including 32% households using tap water from treated
sources.
47% of households have source of water within the
premises (R 35%; U 71%) whereas 36% of households
have to fetch water from a source located within 500 m
in rural areas/100 m in urban areas.
18% still fetch drinking water from a source located more
than 500 m away in rural areas or 100 m in urban areas.

Electricity:
Electricity not only provides the source of power
for domestic lighting, but also indicates access to
many aspect of modern living, such as use of
appliances.
Use of electricity as main source of lighting has
increased by11 pts to 67 % (compared to 2001)
whereas use of kerosene has declined by 12 pts
accounting for 31 % of households in 2011.
Proportion of households using electricity (%) is
tabulated below

1991

2001

2011

Differen
ce in%

Total

42.4

55.9

67.3

11.4

Urban

27.2

43.5

55.3

11.8

Toilet facilities
Adequate toilet facilities ensure the proper
disposal of human waste and minimum hazards
to health by preventing the spread of diseases.
Forty seven % of households have latrine facility
(R-31%, U-81%) including 36 % with water closet.
There has been 11% decline in households having
no latrine .

REFERENCES

http://www.censusindia.gov.in.

http://censusmp.nic.in.

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