ENERGY MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM USING SMART GRID COMMUNICATION
By
R.Ramya
M.Rathna
S.Soorialakshmi
A.Shenbaga Priya
Guided by
Mr. N.Kumara
Sabapathy
Assistant Professor of
EEE
ABSTRACT
Price signaling to consumers - allows users to cut their energy bills by telling low
priority devices to use energy only when it is cheapest;
The Smart Energy Management system consists of one Potential Transformer and
one Current Transformer.
The signals are connected to the true rectifier circuits for rectification and fed to the
PIC Processor for measurement of Voltage, Current flow Comparators are used to
sense the phase angle between Voltage & Current waveforms. Zero crossing
detectors are used to convert sine waves into square pulses.
The Smart Energy Management System will display all the electrical parameters like
Voltage, current, power and Maximum Demand.
Objective
To establish
WORK PLAN
FROM
TO
WORK
06.01.2014
17.01.2014
20.01.2014
24.01.2014
27.01.2014
31.01.2014
LITERATURE SEARCH
FROM
TO
WORK
03.02.2014
05.02.2014
06.02.2014
07.02.2014
PURCHASING COMPONENTS
10.02.2014
14.02.2014
PCB DESIGN
17.02.2014
21.02.2014
24.02.2014
28.02.2014
ALGORITHM AND
MNEUMANICS
WRITING
CIRCUIT DESIGN
FROM
TO
WORK
03.03.2014
07.03.2014
MICRO CONTROLLER
INSTALLATION
10.03.2014
14.03.2014
EMBEDDING HARDWARE
AND SOFTWARE
17.03.2014
21.03.2014
DEBUGGING
24.03.2014
28.03.2014
TEST ANALYSIS
FROM
TO
31.03.2014
04.04.2014
07.04.2014
11.04.2014
WORK
Block diagram
SUBSTATIO
N
GSM
MOBILE
HOME
SECTION
CT
CURRENT
MEASUREMENT
PT
VOLTAGE
MEASUREMEN
T
AND
LOAD
RELAY
LOAD
RELAY
LOAD
RELA
LCD
ZCD
ZCD
MICRO
CONTROLLER
DRIVE
R
RELAY
GSM
MODEM
LOAD
signals are connected to the true rectifier circuits for rectification and
are used to sense the phase angle between Voltage & Current
waveforms. Zero crossing detectors are used to convert sine waves into
square pulses. These square pulses are used to count the frequency.
The
Circuit diagram
+5V
To main
Load
15
28
15
14
30
14
13
29
13
12
28
12
11
11
27
R ELAY SPD T
+5V
D 1
1N 4148
1k
R 6
1
2
3
7
33
VC C
28
30
29
28
27
19
21
34
8
9
1
1
1
1
0
1
2
3
L
L
L
L
L14
24
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
0
1
2
3
1K
G N D
35
L
L
L
L
L
L
25
26
R 5
1
T1
24
1
2
3
4
5
6
36
C 1
C
1k
C U R R EN TTR AN S F O R M ER
14
37
1K
12V
U 11
33pf
C 4
741
33
1k
13
R 4
0V
14
34
R 13 k
13
6M H Z
U 1
35
31
38
33pf
R 2
P IC 1 6 F 8 7 7 A
12
25
31
pic16f877a
26
C 3
36
3
+5V
37
32
12
38
11
12V
T1
32
C 5
0 .1 u f
U 3
2 3 0 V , 5 0 H z A C S u p p ly
39
11
+5V
1k
VO
40
LM 7905
VI
40
-5 V
39
470m f
G N D
1000m f
2
1k
R 1
U 1
1k
2
1k
load
D 1
1N 4148
O P -0 7 /T O
LM 311
7
16
LM 311
+
4 .7 K
-5 V
+5V
8 .2 K
2 .2 u f
2 .2 u f
8
13
Rx
T 2 IN
T 1 IN
C
C
C
C
U 3
7408
BC 187
0 .0 1 u f
0 .0 1 u f
T1O U T
T2O U T
VC C
2
3
10K
8 .2 K
5
6
8
1M
CURRENT
2 .2 u f
R 2 IN
R 1 IN
M A X 232
GSM
MODEM
14
7
Tx
2 .2 u f
-5 V
G N D
R 1O U T
R 2O U T
0 .0 1 u f
8 .2 K
BC 187
0 .0 1 u f
2 .2 u f
6
V2
V+
+
12+
2-
15
1
3
4
5
10K
10
11
4 .7 K
5
6
8
1M
12
9
8 .2 K
VOLTAGE
K1
2 .2 K
TO PROGRAMM ER
230V A C
LED
1
16
1
16
LC D
470m f
B R ID G E
6
4
1k
LM 7805
1000m f
2
3
4
1
2
3
VO
G N D
T3
19
VI
+ 4
1
10K
2
3
4
21
+5V
3
1
D 3 12V
PCB Design
PCB
PCB
Fabrication of PCB
Preparing
of layout
Painting of PCB
Development of the printed circuit
diagram
Etching of PCB
Drilling of holes
Soldering
FULL LOAD
1k
w
2k
w
3k
w
15kw
4k
w
2k
w
3k
w
80% CUT
0.2kw
0.4kw
0.6kw
3KW
0.4kw
0.8kw
If to reduce power as 80% cut. The consumer set only 20% of the load. (Necessary Load)
0.6kw
50% CUT
0.5kw
1kw
1.5kw
7.5K
W
1kw
2kw
If to reduce 50% cut. The consumer get more than necessary load.
1.5kw
ALGORITHM
STEP1:start
the program
STEP2:initialize the ports . A port considered as
input. B port considered as output . c port
considered as output.
STEP3:Read the input signal. If it is analog we need
to convert into digital signal.
STEP4:if LPC(low power consumption) occur, low
load only operate
STEP5: if MPC(medium power consumption)occur ,
medium load will operate
STEP6:if HPC(high power consumption)occur, high
load only operate
STEP7:end
the program
PROGRAM
#include <16f877a.h>
#include <project.c>
#include <lcd.c>
#include <gsm_code.c>
if ( npc_bit )
{
lcd_putc("NORMAL PWR");
goto end_refresh_display ;
}
if ( lpc_bit )
{
lcd_putc(" LOW POWER");
goto end_refresh_display ;
}
end_refresh_display:
delay_cycles(1);
}
display_title();
delay_ms(2000);
cont_oper:
delay_ms(100);
check_volt:
gsm_run_ind = 1 ;
read_sms();
gsm_run_ind = 0 ;
cmd_rx = "Set1" ;
if ( ( strcmp(msg_rx,cmd_rx) == 0 ) )
write_mobile_number1();
cmd_rx = "Set2" ;
if ( ( strcmp(msg_rx,cmd_rx) == 0 ) )
write_mobile_number2();
cmd_rx = "Npc" ;
if ( ( strcmp(msg_rx,cmd_rx) == 0 ) )
{
hpc_bit = 0 ;
npc_bit = 1 ;
lpc_bit = 0 ;
buzz_out = 1 ;
buzz_out = 0 ;
}
cmd_rx = "Lpc" ;
if ( ( strcmp(msg_rx,cmd_rx) == 0 ) )
{
hpc_bit = 0 ;
npc_bit = 0 ;
lpc_bit = 1 ;
buzz_out = 1 ;
buzz_out = 0 ;
}
check_inputs:
set_adc_channel (volt_an_in);
voltage_reg = read_adc();
set_adc_channel (curr_an_in);
current_reg = read_adc();
get_pf();
delay_cycles(1);
inter_reg = ( voltage_reg );
delay_cycles(1);
inter_reg = ( inter_reg * current_reg );
delay_cycles(1);
inter_reg = ( inter_reg * cos_angle_reg );
delay_cycles(1);
curr_wh_reg = inter_reg ;
if ( forced_hpc_bit )
{
curr_forced_wh_reg = inter_reg ;
forced_wh_reg = forced_wh_reg + inter_reg ;
}
curr_wh_reg = inter_reg ;
wh_reg = ( wh_reg + inter_reg );
check_mode_bits:
if ( npc_bit && force_hpc_in )
{
delay_cycles(1);
load1_out = 1 ;
load2_out = 1 ;
load3_out = 1 ;
load1_bit = 1 ;
load2_bit = 1 ;
load3_bit = 1 ;
if ( !forced_hpc_bit )
forced_hpc_bit = 1 ;
}
if ( hpc_bit )
{
delay_cycles(1) ;
load1_out = 1 ;
load2_out = 1 ;
load3_out = 1 ;
load1_bit = 1 ;
load2_bit = 1 ;
load3_bit = 1 ;
if ( !water_min_in )
water_pump_out = 1 ;
if ( water_max_in )
water_pump_out = 0 ;
}
if ( npc_bit )
{
water_pump_out = 0 ;
load1_out = 1 ;
load1_bit = 1 ;
load2_out = 1 ;
load2_bit = 1 ;
load3_out = 0 ;
load3_bit = 0 ;
check_reset_npc:
delay_ms(100);
if ( !reset_in )
goto check_reset_npc ;
refresh_display();
load1_out = 1 ;
load1_bit = 1 ;
load2_out = 1 ;
load2_bit = 1 ;
}
}
if ( lpc_bit )
{
water_pump_out = 0 ;
load2_out = 0 ;
load2_bit = 0 ;
load3_out = 0 ;
load3_bit = 0 ;
load1_out = 1 ;
load1_bit = 1 ;
end_wh_cal:
refresh_display();
if ( forced_hpc_bit )
{
inter_reg = forced_wh_reg ;
forced_kwh_reg = inter_reg + forced_kwh_reg ;
}
inter_reg = wh_reg ;
kwh_reg = inter_reg + kwh_reg ;
finish_wh_cal:
delay_cycles(1);
amt_reg = kwh_reg / 1000 ;
amt_reg = ( amt_reg + ( forced_kwh_reg / 500 ) );
refresh_display();
sprintf( msg_tx,"%06.3lwUNITS Rs.%03lu ",( kwh_reg +
forced_kwh_reg ),amt_reg );
if ( sms_send_en )
send_sms_command();
goto cont_oper;
}
Advantages
A system that
intelligent grid that is responsive to energy markets and utility business enterprise
needs.
An
electric system capable of integrating a wide array of load, storage and generation
resources .
An
electricity.
An
Electricity board
Apparatus
Commercial
Journals
REFERENCES
THANK YOU