Leasing
Leasing
Materi ke 8 Manajemen
Keuangan
Magister Manajemen Univ.
Gunadarma
Types of Leases
The Basics
Operating Leases
Financial Leases
Posisi yang tepat berlawanan dengan
operating lease.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Leveraged Leases
Leveraged lease adalah tipe yang lain
dari ifinancial lease.
Perjanjian tiga sisi antara penyewa,
pemberi sewa, dan pemberi pinjaman.
Accounting and
Leasing
Debt
$100,000
Equity
$100,000
Total Debt & Equity
$200,000
Operating Lease
Truck
Land
$100,000
Total Assets
$100,000
Debt
Equity
$100,000
Total Debt & Equity
$100,000
Capital Lease
Assets leased
$100,000
Land
Total Assets
$200,000
$100,000
$100,000
$200,000
Equity
Total Debt & Equity
$100,000
Capital Lease
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Lease Payments
After-tax savings
$2,970
Years 1-5
6,250(1-.34) = $4,125
4,500(1-.34) =
$1,155
Years 1-5
$1,155 $4,670 = $5,825
Years 1-5
$1,155 $4,670 = $5,825
Years 1-5
$4,670 $1,155 = $5,825
Years 1-5
$1,155 $4,670 = -$5,825
5
NPV $25,000
t 1
$5,825
$219.20
t
(1.05)
Years 1-5
-$25,000
NPV $25,000
t 1
$5,825
$219.20
t
(1.05)
0
1
2
3
$25,219.20 $20,655.16 $15,862.92 $10,831.07
$1,910.55 $1,564.78 $1,201.74
$649.59
$532.03
$408.59
$1,260.96 $1,032.76
$793.15
$ 5,825.00
$ 5,825.00
$ 5,825.00
4
$5,547.62
$820.54
$278.98
$541.55
5
$0.00
$420.27
$142.89
$277.38
$ 5,825.00
$ 5,825.00
6,250(1-.34) =
5,000(.34) =
$4,125
$1,700
-$5,825
Year 0
$25,000
Years 1-5
5,000(.34) =
6,250(1-.34) =
$25,000
$5,825
$219.20
t
t 1 (1.05)
5
NPV $25,000
$1,700
$4,125
$5,825
Alasan untuk
Leasing
Good Reasons
Bad Reasons
akuntansi
A Tax Arbitrage
NPV = 76.33
$25,000
5,000(.25) =
$1,250
6,200(1 .25) = $4,650
Reservations and
Negotiations
Berapakah pembayaran sewa paling rendah di mana
perusahaan leasing mau terima? Buat NPV menjadi
nol, dan cari $Lmin:
Cost of truck
Depreciation Tax Shield
Lease Payments
.66
-$25,000
Years 1-5
5,000(.34) =
$Lmin (1 .34) =
5
5
$1
$1,700
$25,000 .66 Lmin
t
t
t 1 (1.05)
t 1 (1.05)
$1,700
$Lmin .66
$1,700 + $Lmin
Lmin
$1,700
t
t 1 (1.05)
5
$1
.66
t
t 1 (1.05)
$25,000
Lmin $6,173.29
Summary and
Conclusions
2.
3.
Appendix:
Pendekatan APV untuk
Leasing
APV = All-Equity Value + Financing
NPV
Perhitungan yang diperlihatkan pada halaman
berikutnya akan memperlihatkan bahwa untuk
contoh terakhir dari perusahaan (tarif pajak
sebesar 25%)
APV = $591.38 $1,135.30
APV = $543.91
Di mana menghasilkan angka yang sama seperti
analisis NPV
Appendix:
Pendekatan APV untuk
APV = All-Equity Value + Financing NPV Leasing
Untuk mencari nilai all-equity, diskon arus kas dengan
pre-tax interest rate. After tax rate adalah 5% di mana
berarti pretax rate
6.66% = 5%/(1-.25).
Arus kas perusahaan: Leasing Instead of Buying
Year 0
Cost of truck we didnt buy
Years 1-5
$25,000
5,000(.25) =
$1,250
6,200(1 .25) =
$4,650
$25,000
$5,900
$5,900
All - equity value $25,000
$591.38
t
t 1 (1.06667)
5
Appendix:
Pendekatan APV untuk
Leasing
Appendix:
Pendekatan APV untuk
Leasing
Hilangnya interest tax shield terkait dengan tambahan
kapasitas
hutang sebesar $25,543.91 memiliki PV sebesar $1,135.30
3
0
1
2
4
Outstanding Balance of the Loan $25,543.91 $20,921.11 $16,067.16 $10,970.52 $5,619.05
Interest
$1,702.93 $1,394.74 $1,071.14 $731.37
Tax Deduction on interest
$425.73
$348.69
$267.79 $182.84
After-tax Interest Expense
$1,277.20
$1,046.06
$803.36
$548.53
$1,135.30
$425.73
$348.69
$267.79
$182.84
$93.65
5
$0.00
$374.60
$93.65
$280.95
Debt Displacement
and
Lease
Hilangnya
interest
tax shield terkait Valuation
dengan tambahan kapasitas
hutang sebesar $25,219.20 memeiliki PV $
$1,135.30
$425.73
$348.69
$267.79
$182.84
$93.65