THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

TYPES OF MUSCLE
. Based on distinct characte
ristic relating to
-voluntary vs involuntary
-striated vs smooth
-somatic vs viscera
REGARD TO THEIR INNERVATION
-skeletal striated muscle
-cardiac striated muscle
-smooth muscle

CLASSIFICATION
ACCORDING TO THEIR
SHAPE

FLAT MUSCLES.
PENNATE MUSCLES.
FUSIFORM MUSCLES.
QUADRATE MUSCLES.
CIRCULAR OR SPHINCTER MUSCLES.
MULTI-HEADED OR MULTI-BELLIED M.

CONTRACTION OF MUSCLES
REFLEXIVE CONTRACTION.
TONIC CONTRACTION.
PHASIC CONTRACTION
ISOTONIC
CONCENTRIC CONTRACTION.
ECCENTRIC CONTRACTION.

ISOMETRIC

FUNCTION OF MUSCLES
PRIME MOVER.
FIXATOR.
SYNERGIST.

PECTORAL MUSCLES
PECTORALIS MAJOR M.
PECTORALIS MINOR M.
SUBCLAVIUS M.
SERRATUS ANTERIOR.

ANTERIOR AXIOAPPENDICULAR
M

THE POSTERIOR SHOULDER

MUSCLES
SUPERFICIAL POSTERIOR
AXIOAPPENDI CULAR M.
TRAPEZIUS M.
LATISSIMUS DORSI M.

DEEP POSTERIOR

AXIOAPPENDICULAR M

LEVATOR SCAPULAE M.
RHOMBOIDS M.

THE POSTERIOR SHOULDER

M.
SCAPULO HUMERAL M

DELTOID M
TERES MAJOR M.
THE FOUR ROTATOR CUFF M

SUPRA SPINATUS M.
INFRA SPINATUS M.
TERES MINOR M.
SUBSCAPULARIS M.

THE AXILLA
THE APEX OF AXILLA IS THE CERVICO

AXILLARY CANAL,bounded by the first

rib,clavicle and superior edge of
scapula.
THE BASE OF AXILLA IS FORMED BY THE
AXILLARY FOSSA, bounded by anterior
and posterior axillary fold,thoracic wall
and the medial aspect of the arm.

THE AXILLA
THE ANTERIOR WALL, HAS TWO

LAYERS,formed by the pectoralis

major, pectoralis minor and the
pectoral and clavipectoral fascia.
THE POSTERIOR WALL, is formed by

The scapula and subscapularis m.

Teres major m.
Latissimus dorsi m.

THE MEDIAL WALL OF

AXILLA
THE THORACIC WALL AND THE

OVERLY ING SERRATUS ANTERIOR.

THE LATERAL WALL OF

AXILLA
INTER TUBERCULAR GROOVE IN THE
HUMERUS.

ELBOW JOINT
THE CHIEF FLEXORS
- BRACHIALIS M.
- BICEPS BRACHII M.
THE CHIEF EXTENSOR
- TRICEPS BRACHII M.

CUBITAL FOSSA
THE THREE BOUNDARIES
SUPERIORLY , an imaginary line
connecting the medial and lateral
epicondylus
MEDIALLY , pronator teres m
LATERALLY ,brachioradialis m

CUBITAL FOSSA
THE FLOOR
BRACHIALIS M.
SUPINATOR M.

THE ROOF

DEEP FASCIA
BICIPITAL APONEUROSIS
SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE
SKIN

THE CONTENT OF THE

CUBITAL FOSSA
BRACHIAL A AND ITS BRANCH
ACCOMPANYING VEIN
BICEPS BRACHII TENDON
MEDIAN N
RADIAL N

FLEXOR MUSCLES OF THE

FORE ARM
SUPERFICIAL LAYER
pronator teres,flexor carpiradialis,
palmaris lo ngus,flexor carpi ulnaris

INTERMEDIATE
Flexor digitorum superficialis

DEEP LAYER

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

EXTENSOR MUSCLES OF
THE FORE ARM
EXTENSOR AND ADDUCTOR OF THE HND
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris

EXTENSOR THE MEDIAL FOUR FINGERS

Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor digitiminimi

EXTENSOR OR ABDUCTOR OF THE THMB

Abductor pollicis longus

Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus

ANTERIOR COMPARTEMENT

ATERIOR COMPARTEMENT

POSTERIOR COMPARTEMENT

THE ABDOMINAL WALL

ANTERIOR WALL.
RIGHT AND LEFT LATERAL
WALL.
POSTERIOR WALL.

ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL
WALL
SUPERIORLY
CARTILAGO OF 7 th 10 th RIB.
XYPHOID PROCESS OF THE STERNUM.

INFERIORLY
INGUINAL LIGAMENT.
ILIAC CREST, PUBIC CREST AND PUBIC
SYMPHISIS.

ANTEROLATERAL
ABDOMINAL WALL
5 ( BILATERAL PAIRED ) MUSCLES
THREE FLAT MUSCLES

EXTERNAL OBLIQUE M.
INTERNAL OBLIQUE M.
TRANSVERSE ABDOMINAL M.

TWO VERTICAL MUSCLES

RECRUS ABDOMINIS M.
PYRAMIDALIS M.

FUNGSI OTOT OTOT

ANTERO LATERAL ABDOMEN
MEMPERKUAT DINDING

ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMEN.
MELINDUNGI ORGAN DALAM ABDOMEN.
MEMPERTAHANKAN TEKANAN INTRA
ABDOMINAL.
MENGGERAKKAN BADAN DAN
MEMPERTAHANKAN POSTUR .

CANALIS INGUINALIS
ISINYA

FUNICULUS SPERMATICUS
LIGAMENTUM ROTUNDUM
N. ILIOINGUINALIS.

- PRIA.
- WANITA.

ANULUS INGUINALIS INTERNUS

DIATAS PERTENGAHAN LIG. INGUINALE.
DISEBELAH LATERAL A. EPIGASTRICA
INFERIOR.

ANULUS INGUINALIS EXTERNUS

POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL
WALL
5 LUMBAR VERTEBRAE AND ASSOCIATED IV DISCS.
MUSCLES

PSOAS M
QUADRATUS LUMBORUM M.
ILIACUS M.
TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS M.
OBLIQ MUSCLES

DIAPHRAGMA.
FASCIA.
LUMBAR PLEXUS.
FAT, NERVES,VESSELS AND LYMPHE NODE

THICG AND GLUTEAL REGIO

THREE COMPARTEMENT OF THE
THIGH

ANTERIOR OR EXTENSOR
MEDIAL OR ADDUCTOR
POSTERIOR OR FLEXOR

-femoral n.
-abductor n.
-sciatic n.

ANTERIOR THIGH MUSCLES

FLEXOR OF THE HIP AND EXTENSOR
FOR THE KNEE

PECTINEUS M.
ILIOPSOAS M.
SARTORIUS M.
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS

RECTUS FEMORIS M.
VASTUS LATERALIS M.
VASTUS INTERMEDIUS M
VASTUS MEDIALIS M.

MFDIAL THIGH MUSCLES

ADDUCTOR LONGUS M.
ADDUCTOR BREVIS M.
ADDUCTOR MAGNUS M.
GRACILIS M.
OBTURATOR EXTERNUS M.

FEMORAL TRIANGLE, is
bounded
SUPERIORLY
LIGAMENT
MEDIALLY
LONGUS M.
LATERALLY

- INGUINAL
-ADDUCTOR
- SARTORIUS M.

FEMORAL TRIANGLE
THE FLOOR
LATERALLY
MEDIALLY

THE ROOF

- ILIO PSOAS M.
- PECTINEUS M.

FASCIA LATA .
CRIBRIFORM FASCIA.
SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.
SKIN.

THE CONTENT OF THE

FEMORAL TRIANGLE
FEMORAL N.
FEMORAL SHEATH,

FEMORAL A.
FEMORAL V.
DEEP INGUINAL L. N.

FEMORAL SHEATH
IS FORMED BY INFERIOR

PROLONGATION OF TRANSVERSALIS
AND ILIO PSOAS FASCIA.
THREE COMPARTEMENT
LATERAL
-FEMORAL A.
INTERMEDIATE - FEMORAL V.
MEDIAL
- CONSTITUTES FEMORAL
CANAL.

FEMORAL HERNIA

ADDUCTOR CANAL,is
bounded
ANTERIORLY

VASTUS MEDIALIS M.
LATERALLY
VASTUS MEDIALIS M.
POSTERIORLY
ADDUCTOR LONGUS M.
ADDUCTOR MAGNUS M.
MEDIALLY
SARTORIUS M.

GLUTEAL MUSCLES
THE SUPERFICIAL LAYER

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS M.
GLUTEUS MEDIUS M.
GLUTEUS MINIMUS M.

DEEP LAYER

PIRIFORMIS M.
OBTURATOR INTERNUS M.
GEMELLI EXTERNUS M.

POSTERIOR THIGH MUSCLES

HAMSTRINGS
SEMITENDINOSUS M.
SEMIMEMBRANOSUS M.
BICEPS FEMORIS ( LONG HEAD ) M.

POPLITEAL FOSSA
SUPERFICIALLY is bounded
Biceps femoris m
- superolateral.
Semimembranosus m
-superomedial.
Gastrocnemius m.
Medial head
Lateral head

- inferomedial.
- inferolateral.

Skin of popliteal fossa posterior.

POPLITEAL FOSSA
DEEP is bounded
SUPERIOR
- THE DIVERGING MEDIAL AND LATERAL
SUPRACONDYLARLINE OF THE FEMUR.

INFERIOR
THE SOLEAL LINE OF TIBIA

FLOOR
POPLITEAL SURFACE OF THE FEMUR.
POSTERIOR CAPSULE OF THE KNEE JOINT.

ISI FOSSA POPLITEA

BAGIAN AKHIR V. SAPHENA PARVA.
A. DAN V. POPLITEA DG.
CABANGNYA.
N. TIBIALIS DAN N. FIBULARIS
COMMUNIS
SYARAF KULIT PAHA BELAKANG.
N.L. POPLITEA DAN PEMB. DARAH

LEG
THREE FACIAL COMPARTEMENT
ANTERIOR /EXTENSOR / DRSIFLEXI.
LATERAL / EVERTER.
POSTERIOR / FLEXOE / PLANTAR
FLEXOR.