Preparing a

Planned Speech
Oral Communication in
Context (OCC)
Lecture Series

Preparing a Planned
Speech
Setting

a Goal
Selecting a topic
Analyzing the audience
Organizing/Outlining Speech
Preparing Visual Aids
Practicing Delivery
Listening Critically

Setting a Goal
Determine
To

inform

Lecture,

To

seminar, workshop

persuade

Sales,

To

your purpose

political speeches, sermons

entertain

Comic

monologues

Setting a Goal
Specific
A

Purpose

concise statement indicating

what you want your listeners to be
able to know, do or feel after you
finish your speech

Setting a Goal
Central

Idea
The central idea identifies
the essence of your
message or speech

Selecting a Topic

Selecting a Topic: Three

Questions
Am

I an expert on this topic?

Am I passionate about this
topic?
Does my audience care about
this topic?

The Different Topic Zones

Zone

1: Perfect Speech Topics

Zone 2: Content-Rich, but PassionFree Speech Topics
Zone 3: Great Speech Topics for a
Different Audience
Zone 4: Fascinating Speech Topics
You Know Nothing About

The Different Topic Zones

Zone

5: Speech Topics Someone Else

Should Deliver
Zone 6: Speech Topics that Dont
Even Interest You
Zone 7: Personal Hobbies, Not
Speech Topics
Zone 8: Like-Watching-Paint-Dry
Topics

Zone 1: Perfect Speech

Topics

Zone 1: Perfect Speech

Topics
Pros:

It is perfect. Duh.
Cons: None. Nada. Zip. Nil.
Wala.

Zone 2: Content-Rich, but

Passion-Free Speech Topics

Zone 2: Content-Rich, but

Passion-Free Speech Topics
Pros:

Solid expertise; Audience

Impact
Cons: You are bored by your own
topic (which is just sad)
Transform into Zone 1 by:
Rediscovering the passion that
made you an expert on the topic

Zone 3: Great Speech Topics

for a Different Audience

Zone 3: Great Speech Topics

for a Different Audience
Pros:

Expertise and passion combo!

Cons: Can induce audience coma
and/or massive brain hemorrhage
Transform into Zone 1 by: Finding
the WIIFT (Whats in it for them?) or
finding an audience devoid of
ungrateful morons

Zone 4: Fascinating Speech

Topics You Know Nothing About

Zone 4: Fascinating Speech

Topics You Know Nothing About
Pros:

You are excited, they are

excited. Excitement everywhere!
Cons: You have no idea what
youre talking about
Transform into Zone 1 by:
Developing your expertise a.k.a.
Leveling up

Zone 5: Speech Topics

Someone Else Should Deliver

Zone 5: Speech Topics

Someone Else Should Deliver
Pros:

100% Audience Impact

Cons: You have no idea what
youre talking about and you dont
care
Transform into Zone 1 by: Forcing
yourself to like the topic and then
reading up on it, a.k.a. torturing
yourself

Zone 6: Speech Topics that

Dont Even Interest You

Zone 6: Speech Topics that

Dont Even Interest You
Pros:

You know the topic like the

back of your hand
Cons: Everybody has dropped the
damn they were about to give.
Including you.
Transform into Zone 1 by: Making
yourself and everyone else care
(and its not going to be easy)

Zone 7: Personal Hobbies,

Not Speech Topics

Zone 7: Personal Hobbies,

Not Speech Topics
Pros:

You like the topic so much, you

want to have babies with it
Cons: You are a noob at it, and your
audience would rather listen to the
sound of dying cats than you
Transform into Zone 1 by: Converting
your motivation into action and
researching on the topic. Make your
audience like it (i.e. putting panda
pictures on your slides)

Hi.

Zone 8: Like-WatchingPaint-Dry Topics

Zone 8: Like-WatchingPaint-Dry Topics

Pros:

8 is your favorite number

and thats about it.
Cons: Everything
Dont even bother transforming
into Zone 1. You are wasting your
time.

Activity:
Make

a checklist from your initial

list of 15 and determine the
feasible ones for you.
Out of the 15, choose 5 that are in
Zone 1.
Construct tentative specific goals
and central ideas for each.

Example:
Topic You
Love

Flesh-eating
bacteria
Astrophysics

Ninjas

Topic You
Know About

Topic Your
Audience
Likes

Example:
Tentative

Topic: Ninjas
Tentative Specific Purpose: I want
my audience to know the history
of Ninjas.
Tentative Central Idea: Although
ninjas have fallen into
mythological status, they were
real-life warriors in feudal Japan.

Example:
Tentative

Topic: 5 Weird Restaurants

in the World
Tentative Specific Purpose: I want my
audience to know 5 of the weirdest
restaurants in the world.
Tentative Central Idea: The top 5
weirdest restaurants in the world
prove that overall experience can be
as important as the taste of the food
that is served.

Recap
By

now you should have:

Top 3 topics
A tentative specific purpose
for each topic
A tentative central idea for
each topic

Outlining Your Speech

The

outline is the blueprint of your

presentation.
It highlights:
Key logical elements
Key structural elements
The linking of these elements in
sequence
The transition in between elements

Outlining Your Speech

Introduction

(Tell them what youre

about to tell them)
Body (Tell them)
Conclusion (Tell them what youve
just told them)

Outlining Your Speech

Introduction
Establish

topic and core

message; list supporting points
Get the attention of the audience
(through: narration, humor,
examples, questions)

Outlining Your Speech

Body
Elaborate

points (Rule of Three)

Make comparisons and contrasts
Use metaphors to relate to
audience
Use visual aids

Outlining Your Speech

Conclusion
Recap

supporting points
Summarize core message
Call-to-action
Leave a lasting impression

Outlining Your Speech

Note:

Dont forget to include the

purpose and thesis statement
in your speech outline

Organizing Your Speech

An

organized speech is
Easier for listeners to comprehend
Easier to present
Perceived as more credible
Often more persuasive
Lowers both speaker and listener
frustration

Speech-centered Types of
Organization
Chronological
Spatial
Causal
Topical
Problem-solution
Motivated

Outlining Your Speech

Written Preparation
Purposes and Central Idea (20 pts.)

Write

this word for word as you would say it in your

speech
Attempt to capture the attention of your audience with a
striking statement.

Body (60 pts.)

Write

this in topical outline form.

Have at least three main headings (I, II, III)

Conclusion (20 pts.)

Write

this word for word as you would say it in your

speech

Preparing Visual Aids

Keep

slides simple and uncluttered

A single slide should contain one
main message
Include only key words and
phrases
Use color, but use it moderately

Preparing Visual Aids

Be

sure the lettering is large

enough
Use bullet points instead of slabs
of text
Label graphs, charts, figures, and
diagrams

Final Notes
Your

topic should be approved by

your instructor
You may change your topic a day
before you present, but you should
also submit a new outline

Activity:
Decide

on your final topic,

specific purpose, and
central idea