ADAPTASI SELULER

HYPOPLASIA

derived from the Greek: hypo, meaning low, and

plasis, which refers to molding or forming
underdevelopment or incomplete development
of a tissue or organ
Hypoplasia is a congenital condition, while
hyperplasia generally refers to excessive cell
growth later in life. (Atrophy, the wasting away
of already existing cells, is technically the
direct opposite of both hyperplasia and
hypertrophy.)
Examples:
Testes

in Klinefelter's syndrome

APLASIA

Aplasia (from Greek anot; plasismolding)

is defined in general as "defective
development or congenital absence of an
organ or tissue.
In the field of hematology, the term refers to
"incomplete, retarded, or defective
development, or cessation of the usual
regenerative process
Aplastic anemia
Germ cell aplasia, also known as Sertoli cellonly syndrome

AGENESIS

In medicine, agenesis refers to the failure of

an organ to develop during embryonic growth
and development. Many forms of agenesis are
referred to by individual names, depending on
the organ affected:
Agenesis

of the corpus callosum- failure of the Corpus

callosum to develop
Renal agenesis- failure of one or both of the kidneys to
develop
Phocomelia- failure of the arms or legs to develop
Penile agenesis- failure of penis to develop
Mllerian agenesis - failure of the uterus and part of
the vagina to develop

ANAPLASIA

Anaplasia refers to a reversion of

differentiation in cells and is characteristic
of malignant neoplasm (tumors).

DYSPLASIA

Dysplasia (from the Greek

"malformation", - "mal-" + "to
create, to form"), is a term used in pathology
to refer to an abnormality of development

NEOPLASIA

Neoplasia ("new growth" in Greek) is the

abnormal proliferation of cells.
The growth of neoplastic cells exceeds and is
not coordinated with that of the normal
tissues around it.

ATROPHY

Atrophy is the partial or complete wasting

away of a part of the body

HYPERTROPHY

Hypertrophy (from Greek "excess" +

"nourishment") is the increase in the
volume of an organ or tissue due to the
enlargement of its component cells.

HYPERPLASIA

Hyperplasia (or "hypergenesis") means

abnormal proliferation of cells. It may result
in the gross enlargement of an organ and the
term is sometimes mixed with benign
neoplasia/ benign tumor.

METAPLASIA

Metaplasia (Greek: "change in form") is the

reversible replacement of one differentiated
cell type with another mature differentiated
cell type. The change from one type of cell
to another may generally be a part of normal
maturation process or caused by some sort of
abnormal stimulus.

DESMOPLASIA

In medicine, desmoplasia is the growth of fibrous or

connective tissue. It is also called desmoplastic
reaction to emphasize that it is secondary to an insult.
Desmoplasia may occur around a neoplasm, causing
dense fibrosis around the tumor, or scar tissue
(adhesions) within the abdomen after abdominal
surgery.

Desmoplasia is usually only associated with malignant

neoplasms, which can evoke a fibrosis response by
invading healthy tissue. Infiltrating metastatic ductal
carcinomas of the breast often have a scirrhous,
stellate appearance caused by desmoplastic
formations.