EXERGY
120540119047
- PATEL DARSHAN
Topics:
Exergy of closed system
Irreversibility
Gouy-Stodola theorem
Second Law Efficiency
EXERGY:
The useful work potential of the system at the
specified state and is called exergy.
It is important to realize that exergy does not
represent the amount of work that a work-producing
device will actually deliver upon installation.
Rather, it represents the upper limit on the amount of
work a device can deliver without violating any
thermodynamic laws.
For more understanding of exergy see this fig.
Irreversibility:
It represents energy that could have been converted
into work but was instead wasted
Difference between reversible work and useful work
is called irreversibility
OR
Wu= useful work; the amount of work done that can actually be used for something
desirable.
Gouy-Stodola theorem:
We seen that,
This is known as the Gouy-stodola eqn. A thermodynamically efficient process would involve minimum
exergy loss with minimum rate of entropy generation.
Eg.:
Consider two heat engines, both having a thermal
efficiency of 30 percent as shown in Fig.
One of the engines (engine A) is supplied with heat
from a source at 600 K, and the other one (engine B)
from a source at 1000 K. Both engines reject heat to
a medium at 300 K. At first glance, both engines
seem to convert to work the same fraction of heat that
they receive; thus they are performing equally well.
When we take a second look at these engines in light
of the second law of thermodynamics, however, we
see a totally different picture. These engines, at best,
can perform as reversible engines, in which case their
efficiencies would be
We can also define a second-law efficiency for workconsuming noncyclic (such as compressors) and
cyclic (such as refrigerators) devices as the ratio of
the minimum (reversible) work input to the useful
work input
Reference:
Fundamentals of engineering
thermodynamics (Moran J., Shapiro N.M. 5th ed. - 2006 - Wiley)
Thermodynamics An Engineering
Approach 5th Edition - Yunus Cengel, Boles
- Book
Thermodynamics by PK Nag