Hydraulics

Consider a tank of volume V which is full of a solution of

a material A at concentration C. A solution of the same
material at concentration C0 is flowing into the tank at
flow rate F0 and a solution is flowing out the top of the
tank at flow rate F1 as shown in Figure. Determine the
dynamic response to a step change in the inlet
concentration C0.

Assumptions
Well mixed solution.
Density of solution is constant.
Level is constant in the tank.

Data

F0 = 0.085 cubic m/min,

V = 2.1 cubic m
Cint = 0.925 kg/cubic m, t < = 0
C0 = 1.85 kg/cubic m ,
t>0

Initials
The system is initially at steady state i.e.,
C(t)=Co(t)=Cint , for t<=0,
To formulate the model the following fundamental principles are used:
Conservation laws
Component terminal equation
Conservation laws are the laws for conservation of material, energy,
momentum, and electrons, which have the general form
Rate of accumulation = (R)in - (R)out

Important variables/constants
Input variables: C0, F0
State Variables: C, F1
Constants: V,
Initial value Cint