Historical

Perspective of
the Philippine
Educational
System

PRE-SPANISH ERA
Educational System/
Alibata is an ancient writing system that was used in what is
Curriculum
now the Philippines. Although it was all but extinguished by

Western colonization , variants of it are still used in parts of

Mindoro and Palawan, and it is also increasingly used by Filipino
youth as a way to express their identity. PRE-SPANISH ERA
Educational System/ Curriculum.

. PRE-SPANISH ERA Informal education is what they have; ideas

and facts were acquired through suggestions, observation,
example and imitation. Theres no direct teaching, no formal
method of information They did not have an organized system of
education.

SPANISH ERA Education

System
Religion-oriented education Spanish missionaries as
tutors Christian doctrine, prayers, and sacred songs
3Rs were only given to brighter pupils Teach
catechism to the natives Spanish language
compulsory Inadequate education
(suppressed/limited/controlled) Education is a privilege
not a right Education for the elite Controlled by friars

The Spanish curriculum consisted of 3Rs reading,

writing and religion.

FIRST REPUBLIC (18991901)

1.Complete, adequate, and Integrated system of Education

2.Free public education in elementary and high school levels.

Elementary educations is compulsory for all children of school
age.

3.System of scholarship grants, student loan programs, subsidies,

and other incentives for deserving students, esp. the underprivileged.

4.Non-formal, Informal, and Indigenous Learning Systems, SelfLearning, Independent, and Out-Of-School Study Programs in
response to community needs 1899 Malolos Constitution

AMERICAN PERIOD

The curriculum was based on the ideals and traditions of

American and her hierarchy of values

English was the medium of instruction

The primary curriculum prescribed in 1904 by the

Americans for the Filipinos consisted of three grades which
provides training in two aspects: a) Body Training that is
consist of singing, drawing, hard word and physical
education b) Mental Training that is compose of English
(reading, writing, conversation, phonetics and spelling),
nature study and arithmetic Educational System/ Curriculum.

COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
(1935- 1945)

Also known as the period of expansion and reform in the Philippine

curriculum The curriculum for the training of elementary school
teachers was expanded by the Bureau of Education by elevating it
from the secondary schools to the collegiate level, organizing eight
regional normal schools Educational System/ Curriculum

All educational institutions shall be under the supervision of and

subject to regulation by the State. The Government shall establish
and maintain a complete and adequate system of public education,
and shall provide at least free public primary instruction, and
citizenship training to adult citizens.

JAPANESE PERIOD Educational

Program

They introduced many changes in the curriculum by including

Nihongo and abolishing English as a medium of instruction and as a
subject

All textbooks were censored and revised

The Japanese-Devised curriculum caused a blackout in the

Philippine education and impeded the educational progress
Curriculum

School calendar became longer No summer vacation for students

Class size increased to 60

Deleted anti-Asian opinions, banned the singing of American

songs, deleted American symbols, poems and pictures

Nihongo as a means of introducing and cultivating love for

Japanese culture.

THIRD REPUBLIC Educational

Manuel Roxas (1946-1948)
System

Focused on the rehabilitation of the school system

which was in keeping with the policies of the
government

Elpidio Quirino (1948 Focused on

1953)
the rehabilitation of the school system
which was in keeping with the policies of the
government

Ramon Magsaysay (1953-1957)

Republic Act #1265 (June 11, 1955)- compulsory daily flag ceremony

Republic Act # 1425 (June 12, 1956)- Rizal as subject

THIRD REPUBLIC Educational

Carlos P. Garcia System
(1957-1961)

The secondary curriculum has been revised so as to

provide a common program of studies for the first two
years, after which the student is given the option, with the
help of a competent counsellor, to choose between a
vocational course and a college preparatory course. In the
revised curriculum more science and mathematics are
offered, in view of their importance in present-day life and
world progress

Diosdado Macapagal

The concept of academic freedom

Only universities established by the State

Religious instruction in the public schools

Ferdinand Marcos Regime (19651986)

Love of country

Teaches duties of citizenship

Develops moral character

Self discipline science and technology and vocational efficiency Education Types

FidelV. Ramos (19921998)

Ensuring full and unimpeded access by all to both primary and secondary
schools is the most effective way of empowering ordinary people.

Education reform must also develop a curriculum strong in science,

mathematics, and languages. It must include the enhancement of the
conditions of teachersin both their livelihood and their work.

Joseph Estradas (1998- 2001)

Upgrading of computer classrooms, computing facilities and internet access in all schools that
meet eligibility standards for administering such programs.

Expansion, modernization and standardization of our vocational and technical institutions,

especially polytechnic colleges and universities.

Distance learning and continuing education programs, especially for adults and out-of-school youth,
with a view towards possible eventual accreditation.

Gloria Arroyos (20012010)

Another priority area is the upgrading of the teaching of Mathematics and Science in basic

education to prepare the youth to be the next generation of knowledge workers.

The revised BEC has been implemented since June 2002 and now focuses on the five learning
areas of English, Science, Math, Filipino and Makabayan from the previous eight per Grade/ Year
level.

The teaching of science has been given an extended time allotment from 300 minutes to 400
minutes each week to promote the culture of science among students. The number of hours of
Mathematics laboratory has likewise been increased.

Joseph Estradas (1998- 2001)

Upgrading of computer classrooms, computing facilities and

internet access in all schools that meet eligibility standards for
administering such programs.

Expansion, modernization and standardization of our vocational

and technical institutions, especially polytechnic colleges and
universities.

Distance learning and continuing education programs, especially

for adults and out-of-school youth, with a view towards possible
eventual accreditation.

Gloria Arroyos (20012010)

Another priority area is the upgrading of the teaching of Mathematics and Science in basic
education to prepare the youth to be the next generation of knowledge workers.

The revised BEC has been implemented since June 2002 and now focuses on the five learning
areas of English, Science, Math, Filipino and Makabayan from the previous eight per Grade/ Year
level.

The teaching of science has been given an extended time allotment from 300 minutes to 400
minutes each week to promote the culture of science among students. The number of hours of
Mathematics laboratory has likewise been increased.

Benigno Aquino
IIIs
K-12, June 4, 2011