Apa Tutorial

APA STYLE FOR
STUDENTS
Katharine S. Adams & John H. Hummel
Dept. of Psychology and Counseling
Valdosta State University
Instructions
View the materials presented on each slide and
answer the checkpoint questions.
Navigate through the tutorial by using the mouse
to click on the center of the icons:
Arrow buttons allow you to move forward and back through
the
slides.
Home button takes you to the main menu. From there, you may
use the hyperlinks to go directly to one of the three topical areas.
YE
Yes and No buttons are used to select the
NO
S
checkpoint answer
choices.
Review button takes you to the materials in need of further
REVIEW
review after a question is answered incorrectly.
Press ESC on your keyboard to exit the tutorial at

any time.
Introduction
In this tutorial, you will learn
how to make term papers
conform to the writing
conventions of the 6th edition
of the American Psychological
Associations style manual.
Main Menu
There are three main areas
addressed in the tutorial:
Typing & organization
In-text citations
Constructing references
You may click on one
of the hyperlinks to
go directly to the
topic of your choice.
TYPING REQUIREMENTS &

ORGANIZATION
The first TWO pages of APA

style manuscripts are
dedicated.
Page one is ALWAYS the title
page
Page two is the manuscripts
abstract
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Are pages one and two of the
manuscript the title page and
then the abstract respectively?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
Please REVIEW the previous
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
You are correct. Proceed to the next
slide.
THE TITLE PAGE

Pagination starts on the title page
Running head is left justified on the last
line of type in the header.
Abbreviated title, ALL CAPS, 50
characters of less (includes spaces)
The page number (e.g., 1) is right
justified on the same line in the header
as the running head, about .5 down
from the top of the page.
Sample Title Page

Running head: APA STYLE, 6th EDITION
1
Using the 6th Edition of the APA manual: A
Guide for Students
John H. Hummel, Mark A. Whatley, David M.
Monetti, Deborah S. Briihl, and Katharine S.
Adams
The Title Page Continued

Center the title of the manuscript
top-to-bottom & left-right in the top
half of the page
Capitalize the first letter of each
word except articles, conjunctions,
and prepositions
The title should not be more than
12 words
Title = 12 word SUMMARY of the
paper
Sample Title Page

1

Guide for Students
Adams
The Title Page Continued

Follow the title (new line) with the name
(first, middle initial, last) of each author
and their affiliation (or City & State if no
professional affiliation).
Do not use titles (Ms., Dr., etc.).
The order of the listing of each authors

name denotes that persons relative
contribution to the manuscript (i.e., the
first or primary author did more of the
work than the others).
If authors have different affiliations, list
their names and affiliations on separate
lines
Sample Title Page

1

Guide for Students
Adams
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Does the type and organization
of the title page include left
justification of the running head,
the page number right justified,
and the title centered in all caps?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
Abstract
Center the word Abstract on the 1st
line of the second page of the
manuscript
A single, blocked (i.e., no
indentation) paragraph that
summarizes the content.
Number of words varies by journal, but
is usually between 150-250 words.
AVOID QUOTES & CITATIONS
Sample Abstract
APA STYLE, 6th EDITION
2
Abstract
As consumers of research information and authors of
technical reports, students should acquire familiarity with
APA report writing style. Among the ways to foster
technical writing skills, handouts which summarize and
illustrate style and format parameters can be provided.
This article presents a handout designed for students
whose written assignments must adhere to the sixth
edition of the Publication Manual of the American
Psychological Association (2010). Listed are guidelines
and examples for organization and writing style, typing,
citing within text, and referencing resources.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Is the length of the abstract
typically one paragraph that
summarizes the content of the
paper?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
MANUSCRIPT
HEADINGS
Content sections of the paper use

hierarchical headings.
They should be brief & descriptive
Headings are like an outline of
the papers major sections.
They should be short a
description of the sections
content, in (levels 1-4) bold
type.
MANUSCRIPT
HEADINGS
Most APA style papers written by students will use only

levels 1-3.
Level One
Level Two
Level three. In this section we
The Title (pages 1 and 3), Abstract (page 2), and
References of the paper are not bolded because they are not
considered content sections.
NOTE:
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Should the font of hierarchical
headings 1-3 be bold?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
Parts of a Technical Manuscript

Your papers content starts on page 3
On the first line, center your
manuscripts title with each word
except articles and conjunctions
capitalized.
Dont use the term Introduction as a
heading
Your title is the first line of the papers
content.
Parts of a Technical Manuscript

The papers topic is introduced by
presenting a review of related
research, the studys rationale,
necessary hypotheses, and often how
the paper is organized.
Parts of a Technical Paper

The remaining sections of
manuscripts reporting data are, in
order:
Method
*,
With level 2 and 3
subheadings
for Participants
*Humans
are usually referred
to as
Materials, & Procedures
participants but may also be called
Results
Discussion
References
subjects; animals are always subjects.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Should the sections of manuscripts
reporting data be labeled in the following
order?
- Introduction
- Method
- Results
- Discussion
- References YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
Parts of a Technical Paper

Other types of reports use different
heading labels to identify each
sections content.
Sample Headings for a Data-based

Research Report
The Manuscripts Complete Title (Level 1)
[the title is on pg. 1 and pg. 3]
Method (L 1)
Participants (L 2)
Materials (L 2)
Behavioral indicators. (L 3) xxxxx
Standardized instruments. (L 3) xxxx
Procedures (L 2)
Results (L 1)
Discussion (L 1)
References (L 1)
Sample Headings for a Paper Not

Reporting Data
Diagraming Operant Processes:
An Alternative System (L 1)
Entry Level Requirements (L 2)
Nomenclature and Diagrams (L 2)
Possible variations. (L 3) xxxxx
Discussion (L 1)
References (L 1)
TYPING POINTS
Proper English is assumed
Single space after commas,
colons, semi-colons
Double space after end
punctuation (i.e., period, question
mark, and exclamation point)
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Is it correct APA style to single
space after commas, colons,
semi-colons, and after end
punctuation?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
TYPING POINTS
1 margins on all side of the page
Use Times New Roman typeface, 12
pt. font
Text is left justified on the page
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Are APA style papers formatted
so that there are 1 margins on
all sides and the font is left
justified 12 pt Times New
Roman?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
TYPING POINTS
All pages should be numbered and
have the same Running head (in the
manuscripts header, left justified
without the label Running head)
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Should pages be numbered and
include a Running head?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
TYPING POINTS
ALL lines of text are DOUBLE
SPACED
Use only DOUBLE SPACING
No single
orof1the
spacing
See pg. 229
Manual
for exceptions between
lines (triple or double-double spacing)
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Should all lines of the text should
be single spaced?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
TYPING POINTS
Indent all paragraphs consistently
use the default tab on the WP

program for indenting paragraphs,
etc.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Should paragraphs be indented
by using the tab key on the
WP program?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
TYPING POINTS
Do not mechanically emphasize
words:
Do not use all CAPITALIZATIONS
Do not use bold except for level
1-4 headings
Do not underline
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
When writing in APA style, should
you use all capitalizations, bold,
and underline?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
TYPING POINTS
Do not mechanically emphasize words:
Avoid using double () or single ()
quote marks
The 1st time you introduce a new
term/phrase (or when using a term
differently than its used normally) you
For other
occasions where italics are
can italicize it when
originally
acceptable, see section 4.21 of the
introduced in the manuscript.
Manual.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Is it appropriate to italicize the first
time you introduce a new
term/phrase and when using a term
differently than it is used normally?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
TYPING POINTS
APA style uses the Oxford comma (a
comma precedes the conjunction) for intext listing.
for example, Jill, Jane, and Ginny.
If you label items in a list, use

parentheses with lowercase letters.
for example, three areas will be covered in
this program: (a) typing, (b) citations, and
(c) references.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Are these examples written in correct
APA style?
- Jill, Jane and Ginny participated in the
program.
- The three areas covered in this program:
1) typing, 2) citations, and 3) references.
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
TYPING POINTS
Single space (using the space bar) after
commas, colons, and semicolons.
Double space after end punctuation
(i.e., exclamation point, question mark,
and periods).
No orphans (i.e., a single line of text) at
the bottom or top of pages.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Does APA style specify that a single
space be used after commas, colons,
semicolons, but double spaces
should be used after all punctuation
(i.e., exclamation point, question
mark, and periods)?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
IN-TEXT CITATIONS
Citations are done in text (no footnotes)
Citations are required when you:
paraphrase information from a
source, or directly quote from
another source
Using ideas or actual words from a
source without a citation is
PLAGIARISM.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
It is plagiarism if you use exact words
from a source without in text
citations, but is it considered
plagiarism if one paraphrases or uses
ideas from a source without in-text
citations?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
CITATIONS
Cite sources as soon as you can in each
paragraph (dont wait until the end)
If you cite a source in a paragraph
parenthetically (i.e., name, date), later
citations to that source in the same
paragraph require the date of the
source.
If you cite the author(s) in text with the
date given parenthetically, later
citations to that source (in the same
paragraph) do not require that you
provide the date parenthetically.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Should you wait until the end of

the paragraph to cite a source?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
CITATIONS
You must re-cite sources in each
new paragraph.
Once you cite a source, the reader
assumes everything that follows the
citation (in that paragraph) is
attributable to that source or YOU.
Your writing should indicate to the reader when you are
reacting to the info from the source.
Example: This is important to the present study because
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
After you cite the source within a

paragraph, is it important to
distinguish the sources
information from your own ideas
or reactions to the sources
information?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
CITATIONS
Citations should give the last name of
the author(s) [no first names or initials]
and a year (copyright, date presented at
a conference, etc.)
Never change the ordering of the names
in one of your sources
Dates are normally cited in parentheses
instead of in plain text.
Ex.: (1993) vs. 1993
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Are these correct examples of
citations?
In Text Citation: Research by Adams and Proctor
(2010) suggested a significant difference between
students with and without disabilities.
Parenthetical Citation: (Adams & Proctor, 2010)
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
AUTHOR CITATIONS
Sources with MORE than 5 authors, require, in
the first citation, you to give the primary (i.e.,
the 1sts) authors last name followed by et al.
(which substitutes for the others names)
followed by the (date) (i.e., if 6 or more
authors use the primary authors surname and
et al. for all citations).
AUTHOR CITATIONS
EXAMPLES
Example for 6 or more authors:
In their provocative paper, Smith et al.
(2005) point out that...
OR
The authors (Smith et al., 2005) point
out that...
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
In the first citation of a source

with MORE than 5 authors, do
you use the primary authors last
name followed by et al. and the
date?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
AUTHOR CITATIONS
If a source has 3-5 authors,
list their surnames in the 1st
citation. Thereafter, use the
primary authors last name
and et al. (date)
AUTHOR CITATIONS
EXAMPLES
Example for 3-5 authors: First

Citation
Hummel, Kaeck, Whatley, & Monetti,

(2004). found that...
OR
It was found that...(Hummel,
Kaeck, Whatley, & Monetti, 2004).
AUTHOR CITATIONS
EXAMPLES
Example for 3-5 authors: Later

Citation
Hummel et al. (1994) found that...
OR
It was found that...(Hummel et al.,
1994).
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
If a source has 3-5 authors,

should you list their surnames in
all citations?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
AUTHOR CITATIONS
If the source has 2 authors,
list both authors names in
each citation.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
If a source has 2 authors, should

you list both surnames in each
citation?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
AUTHOR CITATIONS
When connecting authors in an in-text
citation, connect the last name with the
others with the conjunction and.
If the entire citation is given
parenthetically, connect the names
using an ampersand (&)
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Are these correct examples of
citations?
In Text Citation: Research by Adams and Proctor
(2010) suggested a significant difference between
students with and without disabilities.
Parenthetical Citation: (Adams & Proctor, 2010)
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
MULTIPLE SOURCES IN A
SINGLE CITATION
If several different sources all support a point made in
a paper, you should list all of them in the
parenthetical citation.
In the citation, order the sources alphabetically
according to the surnames of the primary authors.
Connect
each source using semicolons.
Example:
The use of medication such as Ritalin is becoming
increasingly common (Barr, 1983; James & Allen, 1991;
Smith et al., 1989).
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Is this a correct citation of multiple
sources that all support a main
point?
The use of medication such as Ritalin is
becoming increasingly common (James &
Allen, 1991, Smith et al., 1989, Barr,
1983).
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
PAGE NUMBER CITATIONS

Citations for paraphrasing do not require that
you give page numbers, but it is encouraged
that one do so (and some journals require it).
Quoted work must specify the page(s) (e.g., p.
12; pp. 22-23) in the source where the quote
originated.
the page number(s), in parentheses,
ALWAYS follows the quotation.
PARAPHRASING
EXAMPLES
Hummel and Huitt (1994) state that less

than 20% of the assessments used in
education require critical thinking.
OR
Less than 20% of the assessments used
in education require critical thinking
(Hummel & Huitt, 1994, p. 12).
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Quoted and closely paraphrased

work should specify the page
number where the work
originated?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
QUOTING RULES
THE 5-WORD RULE
Verbatim accuracy
Avoid quoting (a) parts of a sentence
and (b) taking information out of its
context (also applies to paraphrasing)
Avoid quoting work that cites or

If you MUST, see section
quotes other sources6.17,
p. 178 of the Manual
SHORT QUOTATIONS
Short quotes (i.e., < 40 words) are done in
text.
Start and end the quote with marks.
The page number(s) for a short quote always
follows the quote and is given parenthetically.
The citation may also contain the author and
date.
In a short quote, the end punctuation follows

the parenthetical citation.
SHORT QUOTE EXAMPLES

Assessment practices need improvement.
Hummel and Huitt (1994) state that, over 80%
of the test items examined did not require
critical thinking (p. 4).
OR
Assessment practices need improvement
because, over 80% of the test items examined
did not require critical thinking (Hummel &
Huitt, 1994, p. 4).
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Are short quotes done in text

using quotation marks followed
by the page number in
parenthesis and then the
punctuation?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
LONG QUOTATIONS
Long quotes (> 39 words) do not use quotation
marks. Instead, they are uniformly indented 57 spaces on just the left margin.
Use the tab key or re-set the top and bottom
triangles on the ruler bar half-way to 1
Use the end punctuation of the long quote.

Follow the quotes end punctuation with a
parenthetical citation giving the page(s). No
punctuation follows the citation.
LONG QUOTE EXAMPLE

Hummel et al. (1994) expected criticisms on how they
used the term negative reinforcer:
We stand by our use of the term for two reasons.
First, negative reinforcer has been used this way
previously in our field. Second, negative reinforcer is
more complementary to our proposed systems other
terms and symbols than either punisher or aversive
stimulus. (p. 5)
While the symbol for negative reinforcer fits their
**Had the system,
introduction
diagraming
. . not
. given the authors and
date, this information would also be in the
parenthetical citation.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Are long quotes indented 5-7

spaces without quotation marks
followed by the page number in
parenthesis and then the
punctuation?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
REFERENCES
References are always begun on a
new page.
The word References (level 1 but no
bold) should be centered at the top
of the page.
Reference all (and only) works cited
in the manuscript.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Do references begin on a new

page with the word References
centered at the top of the page?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
REFERENCES
The list of references should be
alphabetized using the surname
of the primary author.
If there are more than 6 authors,
list the 1st seven names followed
by 3 ellipsis points then the last
authors surname and initials.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
If one reference was by Smith

and Jones (1999), and another
was by Kennedy and Johnson
(2007), is Smith and Jones (1999)
referenced first on the page?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
REFERENCES
The 1st line of each reference is
flush with the left margin;
remaining lines of the reference
are indented.
See the next 2 slides to adjust Word rulers to
do so automatically.
Checkpoint
Select YES or NO:
Is the first line of each reference

intended and the remaining lines
flush with the left margin?
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
REFERENCES
There are at least 77 different types
of references in APA style.
This program will cover 4 of the most
commonly used by students:
Books, journal articles, conference
presentations, and electronic media.
For other types of references, see pp. 193-224,
chapter 7, of the Manual.
BOOK REFERENCES
The generic form for a book
reference is:
Surname, 1st and middle initials of
authors*. (copyright date). Title of book
(ed.). City, ST: Publisher.
Example:
Tuckman,
B. W., & Monetti, D. M. (2010). Educational
*
List all names if 7 or fewer; if more than 7 authors,
psychology.
Boston,
MA:by
Wadsworth
Centage
list the first
6 followed
and the last
authorsLearning.
surname and initials.
Checkpoint
Tuckman, B. W., & Monetti, D. M. (2010). Educational
psychology.
Wadsworth Centage Learning: Boston,
MA.
Select YES or NO:
Is the above a correct APA reference for the following
book?
Title: Educational Psychology
Authors: David M. Monetti, Ph.D. and B. W. Tuckman
Copyrighted in 2010 by Wadsworth Centage
Learning, Boston Massachusetts
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
BOOK REFERENCES
Chapter in an edited book:
Surnames and initials of authors.
(copyright). Title of chapter. Editors
names with initials before surnames
(Eds.), Title of book. City, ST: Publisher.
Example:
Huitt, W. G., Monetti, D. M., & Hummel, J. H. (2009).
Designing direct instruction. In C. Reigeluth & A.
Carr-Chellman (Eds.), Instructional-design theories
and models: Volume III, building a common
knowledgebase (pp. 73-97). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence
Erlbaum.
Checkpoint
Huitt, W. G., Monetti, D. M., & Hummel, J. H. (2009).
Designing direct instruction. In C. Reigeluth & A. CarrChellman (Eds.), Instructional-design theories and models:
Volume III, building a common knowledgebase (pp.
7397). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Select YES or NO:

Is the above a correct APA reference for the following
chapter?
Authors: Huitt, W. G., Monetti, D. M., & Hummel, J. H. (2009).
Chapter Title: Designing direct instruction.
Editors: C. Reigeluth & A. Carr-Chellman (Eds.)
Book Title: Instructional-design theories and models: Volume III,
building a common knowledgebase (pp. 73-97).
Publisher: Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
JOURNAL REFERENCES
The generic form for journal articles is:
Surname, Initials. (publication date). Title
of article. Name of Journal, volume #
(issue # if needed), xx-xx (inclusive
range of pages).
Example:
Barrett, B. H., Beck, R., Binder, C., Cook, D. A.,
Engelmann, S, Greer, R. D., . . . Watkins, C. L. (1991).
The right to effective education. The Behavior Analyst,
14, 79-82.
JOURNAL REFERENCES
Only provide an issue # (in parentheses, next
to the vol. # but not italicized) if each issue
starts with page 1.
If a source has 7 or fewer authors, list all seven
in its reference. If the work has more than 7
authors list the names of the first 6, then use 3
ellipsis points and the last authors name and
initials.
Example:
Barrett, B. H., Beck, R., Binder, C., Cook, D. A.,
Engelmann, S, Greer, R. D., . . . Watkins, C. L. (1991).
The right to effective education. The Behavior Analyst,
14, 79-82.
JOURNAL REFERENCES
If one uses an article downloaded from the
Internet, reference the article as you would
any journal article.
After the final period, add Retrieved from
with the articles URL (do not use a period
after the URL).
Example:
Reffel, J. A., Monetti, D. M., & Hummel, J. H. (2004).
The impact of interactive computer-based cases
on motivation and achievement. Georgia
Educational Research Journal, 1 (1), 1-12.
Retrieved from
http://coefaculty.valdosta.edu/lschmert/gera/curre
nt_issue.htm
JOURNAL REFERENCES
If you download an article in pdf
format, its reference is done like a
regular journal reference (i.e., you do
NOT need a retrieved statement)
JOURNAL REFERENCES
If an article is retrieved from the Internet
and has a Digital Object Identifier (DOI),
the DOI # is used INSTEAD of the articles
URL.
Example:
Briihl, D. S., & Wasieleski, D. T. (2004). A survey of
master's-level psychology programs: Admissions
criteria and program policies. Teaching of
Psychology, 31, 252-256.
doi: 10.1207/s15328023top3104_5
Checkpoint
Figarola, P. M., Gunter, P. L., Reffel, J. M., Worth, S. R.,
Hummel, J. H., & Gerber, B. (2008). Effects of students
graphing their performance data on calculations of
math facts. Behavior Analysis and Practice, 1(2), 3641.
Select YES or NO:
Is the above a correct APA reference for the following article?
Title: Effects of students graphing their performance data on
calculations of math facts
Authors: P. M. Figarola, Philip L. Gunter, Julie M. Reffel, Susan R.
Worth, John Howard Hummel, and Brian Gerber
Published in 2008 in volume 1, issue two (pages 36-41) of
Behavior Analysis and Practice
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
CONFERENCE PAPER
REFERENCE
The generic form for a conference
paper or poster is:
Surname, Initials. (year, month).
Title of paper. Sentence describing
the conference and the City, ST
where it was held.
CONFERENCE PAPER
EXAMPLE
Example:
Hummel, J. H., Monetti, D. M., & Huitt, W. G. (2007,
October).
Improving instruction using task analyses. A paper
presented
at the annual meeting of the Georgia Educational
Notice that no state abbreviation
Research was
Association,
Savannah.
given
because it is understood
Checkpoint
Monetti, D. M., & Hummel, J. H. (2001, November). The
Midas touch: Transforming lesson plans using the direct
instruction model. A paper presented at the annual
meeting of the Georgia
Educational Research
Association, Clayton State College and University,
Morrow, GA.
Select YES or NO:
Is the above a correct APA reference for the following convention
paper?
Title: The Midas touch: Transforming lesson plans using the Direct
Instruction Model
Authors: David M. Monetti and John H. Hummel
Presented in November of 2001, Georgia Educational Research
Associations meeting at Clayton State College and University in
Morrow, GA.
YES
NO
Incorrect Answer
You are incorrect.
information.
REVIE
W
Correct Answer
slide.
INTERNET SOURCES
Set the reference up like an on-line
source and provide a URL (Uniform
Resource Locator) address in the
Available section when using information
from sites on the World Wide Web
(Internet).
Example:
Hummel, J. H., Huitt, W. G., & Kaeck, D. J. (1995,
June). Research, validity, and reliability. Retrieved
from http://www.valdosta.peachnet.edu/~whuitt
Internet Resource for APA

Style
APA has a website devoted to the 6th
edition of the manual. Consumers are
encouraged to use the site for additional
information.
http://www.apastyle.org
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Students!
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The first TWO pages of APA

THE TITLE PAGE

Sample Title Page

The Title Page Continued

Sample Title Page

Using the 6th Edition of the APA manual: A

The Title Page Continued

The order of the listing of each authors

Sample Title Page

Using the 6th Edition of the APA manual: A

Content sections of the paper use

Most APA style papers written by students will use only

Parts of a Technical Manuscript

Parts of a Technical Manuscript

Parts of a Technical Paper

subjects; animals are always subjects.

Parts of a Technical Paper

Sample Headings for a Data-based

Sample Headings for a Paper Not

use the default tab on the WP

If you label items in a list, use

Should you wait until the end of

After you cite the source within a

In the first citation of a source

Example for 3-5 authors: First

Hummel, Kaeck, Whatley, & Monetti,

Example for 3-5 authors: Later

If a source has 3-5 authors,

If a source has 2 authors, should

PAGE NUMBER CITATIONS

Hummel and Huitt (1994) state that less

Quoted and closely paraphrased

Avoid quoting work that cites or

In a short quote, the end punctuation follows

SHORT QUOTE EXAMPLES

Are short quotes done in text

Use the end punctuation of the long quote.

LONG QUOTE EXAMPLE

Are long quotes indented 5-7

Do references begin on a new

If one reference was by Smith

Is the first line of each reference

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