Two Phase Pipeline

Example

Ref.: Brill & Beggs, Two Phase Flow in Pipes, 6th

Edition, 1991. Chapter 3.

Two Phase Flow

Example 1: Description
P2
d1 , L1
Z1
P1
For the above two-phase pipeline, calculate the exit pressure (P2) based on the
Beggs and Brill equation. Compare the manual calculation results with Hysys
software results (using Pipe Segment and Pipesys) .
Feed specifications:
T1 = 60 oF, P1 = 1000 psia, qgtsc= 50 MMscfd, qosc =100000 bbl/day, gt = 0.7896,
o = 31.3 oAPI,
Pipeline specifications:
L1 = 900 ft, Z1 = 10 ft, d1= 12 in nominal (Mild Steel, Schedule 40), T2 = 60 oF
2

Two Phase Flow

Example 1: Description
For using compositional model (in Hysys), the following analysis of produced oil
and gas at standard conditions are exist:
Produced Gas at S. C.

Light Ends Analysis

Liquid Vol.
%

6.8311

Component
s
N2

0.0013

Component
s
N2

1.3467

H2S

0.014

0.9777

CO2

72.8749

Mole, %

Distillation Curve and Density

(oAPI=31.3)
Density,
Cut Temp,
Liquid Vol.
o
o
API
F
%
----

145

2.85

H2S

57.7

167

3.83

0.0037

CO2

56.4

212

5.63

C1

0.0733

C1

55.4

257

7.33

7.5713

C2

0.0803

C2

52.3

302

10.03

2.9463

C3

0.1307

C3

47.8

347

13.43

2.9119

i-C4

0.4177

i-C4

42.6

392

18.53

1.8989

n-C4

0.3947

n-C4

39.2

437

24.43

1.2841

i-C5

0.9029

i-C5

35.8

482

34.23

0.8183

n-C5

0.7487

n-C5

33.0

527

44.93

0.5388

C6+

Properties of C6+ : Molecular Weight = 89.53, Density = 55.49 oAPI,

N. Boiling point = 210 oF

Two Phase Flow

Example 1: solution
In hand calculation, a single segment with Pav= P1 was used (for first iteration).
I didnt find any reliable correlation for calculation of dissolved gas specific
gravity, and therefore the specific gravity of free gas was selected from HYSYS
software at input conditions: gf = 0.6397
Calculation of Rs and gd needs a try and error, based on these equations:
1 / 0.83
o
P 10 0.0125 ( API )
Standing eq. : Rs gd
0.00091 (T )
18
10

Gas mass balance eq. : gd

RP gt ( R p Rs ) gf

Rs 289.3, gd 0.8988

Rs

Therefore: q ( R R ) q 21.07 MMscfd, B (standing ) 1.125

gf sc
p
s
osc
o

lb m
4 ft 3

qo Bo qosc 112500 bbl/day 7.31 ft 3 / sec, o 51.355

Two Phase Flow

Example 1: solution
Volume flow rate of free gas at inlet conditions can be calculated with using Bg:

Brown et al method : Ppc 672 psia, Tpc 367.1 o R, Ppr 1.49, T pr 1.42
Standing and Katz method : z 0.82 Bg 0.01207

q gf Bg q gf sc 2.943 ft 3 / sec, gf 4.049 lb m /ft 3

Viscosity of oil and gas and surface tension between them can be calculated as:

Standing method : OD 16.835 cp o 5.56 cp

Lee et al method : gf 0.06496 gr/cm 3 gf 0.0127 cp
Baker and Swerdloff method : OD 31.3 o 15 dynes/cm
5

Two Phase Flow

Example 1: solution
A 0.7776 ft 2 , vsL 9.4 ft/sec, vsg 3.785 ft/sec, vm 13.185 ft/sec, L 0.713
Therefore, the two-phase no slip properties can be calculated as follows:

n o L gf g 37.78 lb m /ft 3 , n 3.97 cp

Flow regimes:

N Fr 5.43, L1 285.3, L2 0.002, L3 0.163, L4 4.885, N Lv 24.8

L 0.4, N Fr L4 Distributed ( Intermittent )

Liquid Hold and s:

dP
H L ( 0 ) H L ( ) 0.789 s 41.374 lb m /ft 3

d
L

0.46 lbf /ft 3

el

Two Phase Flow

Example 1: solution
Pressure gradient due to friction:

N Re 1488

d vm n
1.86 105 f n (smooth ) 0.0155
n

y 1.145 S ln(2.2 y 1.2) 0.2774 f tp f n e S 0.0205

dP

d
L

2.103 lb f /ft 3
f

Outlet pressure:

dP
Ek 4.5 10

dL

dP

dL

dP

dL
el
1 Ek

2.564 lbf /ft 3

P2 P1 2.564 900 / 144 984 psia, PipeSeg : 982, PipeSys 984

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