Mineral

Resources

Prerequisite Knowledge
Difference between ore and minerals
Role of minerals in our day to day life
Extraction and purification of metallic
minerals
Name
any
minerals.

two

energy

generating

Anoreisatypeofrockthatcontainsmineralswith
importantelementsincludingmetals

Hematite

Malachite
Copper

Iron Ore
Gold in
Quartz

Galena
Lead

Minerals arenaturally occurring inorganic,

crystalline solidswithdefinitechemical composition
andcharacteristic physical properties.

Quartz SiO2

Beryl
Be Al Silicate

Calcite CaCO3

Arockisanaturallyoccurringsolidaggregateof
oneormoreminerals(Ex:Granite)
Rocks are mixtures of minerals & Ores (& elements)

Achemicalelementisapure chemical substance consisting

ofasingletypeofatomdistinguished by its atomic number
Elementsaredividedintometals,metalloids&non-metals.

Gold Silver
Cu

DiamondCopperAu

Graphite(C) Sulfur(S) Platinum(Pt)

Ag C

Fossilfuels

Coalformation

Oilandgasformation

General Objective
Students will be able to gain knowledge regarding the
sources,
importance
of
minerals
and
environmental impacts of mineral extraction.

Specific Objectives
List
any four uses of metallic/non-metallic
minerals (S,T&E)
Distinguish between
strategic
and
critical
minerals
(S&T)
Recognize the two types of mining activities
(S&T)
Identify the environmental damages caused by

Importance of Minerals in our day-to-day life

Development of industrial plants & machineries
Generation of energy (coal, lignite, Uranium)
Construction, Housing, Settlements
Defence Equipments Weapons, Arnaments
Transportation
Communication Telephone wires, cables, elect.devices 0
0
Medicinal System
Formation of alloys
Jewellery

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Metallic Minerals
Ferrous Minerals
Haematite (Iron ore)
Pyrites
Non-Ferrous Metallic Minerals
Bauxite

s
l
ra
e
in
M ir
f
o the
n n
o
i o i es
t
a d rt
c
i
f se p e
i
s Ba ro
s
a p
l
C

Non-Metallic Minerals
Coal, Clay, Marbles etc.,
Graphite, Diamond
Quartz, Mica

General Objective
Students will be able to gain knowledge regarding the
sources,
importance
of
minerals
and
environmental impacts of mineral extraction.

Specific Objectives
List
any four uses
minerals (S,T&E)

of

metallic/non-metallic

Metallic Minerals Classified as

Critical Minerals:
Essentialfortheeconomy.

Eg:Fe,Al,Cu,Agetc.
Strategic Minerals:
Requiredforthedefenceofacountry
Eg:Mn,Co,Pt,Cretc
Energy generating Minerals:
Essentialforgeneratingenergy.

Eg:Coal&lignite,Uraniumetc.

General Objective
Students will be able to gain knowledge regarding the
sources,
importance
of
minerals
and
environmental impacts of mineral extraction.

Specific Objectives
List
any four uses
minerals (S,T&E)
Distinguish between
minerals
(S&T)

of

metallic/non-metallic

strategic

and

critical

Mining & its Methods To extract minerals

Sub-surface mining (fromdeepdeposits)
-Dangerous&expensive
Surface mining (fromshallowdeposits)
Open-pitmining(machinedigsholestogetore)
Ex:Cu,Fe,Limestone,Sandstone,Marble,Granite
Stripmining(Bybulldozers)Ex:Phosphaterocks

Open-pitMining

StripMining

Dredging

General Objective
Students will be able to gain knowledge regarding the
sources,
importance
of
minerals
and
environmental impacts of mineral extraction.

Specific Objectives
List
any four uses of metallic/non-metallic
minerals (S,T&E)
Distinguish between
strategic
and
critical
minerals
(S&T)
Recognize the two types of mining activities
(S&T)

Environmental Effects of Using Mineral

Resources
Extraction & Processing of mineral resources during

mining and smelting can cause

Devegetation & defacing of landscape
Soil subsidence
Soil Erosion
Produce large amounts of solid waste &
Pollutes the air, water and soil
Occupational health hazards

Environmental Effects of Extracting Mineral

Resources

Physical Impacts
Land subsidence
Underground fires
Landscape destruction
Soil erosion

Ecological Impacts
Deforestation & Devegetation
Loss of plants & Animals
Ecosystem degradation

+ve Socioeconomical
Employment
Infrastructural
facilities
Economic gains
Environmental Pollution
Air pollution
Water pollution
Soil pollution
Noise pollution

Impacts
of Mining
activities

-ve Socio-economical
Encroachment &
Evacuation
Resettlement &
Rehabilitation issues

Occupational Health Impacts

Due to long time exposure to
hazardous chemicals
Accidents

General Objective
Students will be able to gain knowledge regarding the
sources,
importance
of
minerals
and
environmental impacts of mineral extraction.

Specific Objectives
List
any four uses of metallic/non-metallic
minerals (S,T&E)
Distinguish between
strategic
and
critical
minerals
(S&T)
Recognize the two types of mining activities
(S&T)
Identify the environmental damages caused by

Conservation of Resources /
Remedial Measures
Toadopteco-friendly mining techniques
By microbial leaching technique
Adopting biological methods
Restoration ofminingplacebyre-vegetation of plants
Recycle reuse of waste
Prevention of toxic discharge &conformingtostandardsof
airemissions.

Case studies
Improper waste disposal in Malanjkhands
copper mines : Acidic threat

Mining and quarrying in Udaipur

Mining in Sariska Tiger Reserve in Aravallis

Mind map
Metallic

Types

Mineral
resources

Critical
minerals
Strategic
mineral

Over
exploitation

Non-metallic

Energy
generation

Effect
ofover
exploitation

1.Deforestation
2.Land subsidence
3.Different type of
pollution
4. Health Hazards

Role of
media

Types

Other
Commercial -use

Surface Mining
1. Open-pit mining
2.Dredging
3.Strip mining
Demerits
Mining

Types
Sub surface Mining
Dangerous & Expensive

Remedy

Role
of an
Individual

General Objective
Students will be able to gain knowledge regarding the
sources,
importance
of
minerals
and
environmental impacts of mineral extraction.

Specific Objectives
List
any four uses of metallic/non-metallic
minerals (S,T&E)
Distinguish between
strategic
and
critical
minerals
(S&T)
Recognize the two types of mining activities
(S&T)
Identify the environmental damages caused by

Stimulating Questions
What minerals, rocks or elements are used to make this bike?

Filling petrol/diesel during afternoon is not advisable. Why?

Answer

Thank

You.