CHAPTER 1
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any improvements or developments. Nokia has the sole right to copy, distribute,
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The Nokia training material cannot be used outside of an agreed Nokia training
session for development of groups without the prior written agreement of Nokia.
e
3
tim
2
physical channel 1
e.g. allocated to one 0
subscriber with FR voice 7
and no frequency hopping 6
5
4 TDMA
3 frame
2 =8
1
0 timeslots
7
= 4.615 ms
6
5 2 2 2
4
3 TDMA frame
2
1
0
frequency
200 kHz
NOKIA BSSPAR / 11.2006-V3
Radio
Resource
Administration
Multi, Super and Hyper Frame
TDMA frame
numbering
2048 super frames = hyper frame
0 2047
0 1 2 24 25 0 1 22 49 50
50
26 multi frame = 120 ms 51 multi frame = 235 ms
0 7
TDMA frame = 4.615
NOKIA BSSPAR / 11.2006-V3 ms
Radio
Resource
Administration
GSM Channel Organisation
Logical Channels
for transport of specific content
mapping
MS Physical Channels
transport medium Base Station
Subsystem
Physical channel parameters
ARFCN
Time slot number
Frequency hopping algorithm
f t t t t t t t t t tf t t i
ttt tt t ttt tt t s
t t t t t t s t t t t t t
f f
T T T T T T T T T T T T S
...
fs f sf fs fs fs -
rr f r r r r r r r r rf r r r r r r r r r rf r r r r f rr
fs f sf fs fs fs -
BCCH CCCH CCCH CCCH CCCH CCCH CCCH CCCH CCCH CCCH
Uplink
51 TDMA frames = 235 ms
1 51
r r r r r r r r r r r r rf r r r r r r r r r rf r r r r r r r r r rf r r r r r r r r r rf r r r r r r r r
f i i i
f fi i i
SDCCH is configured to TRX with least number of SDCCHs or no SDCCHs yet at all
SDCCH is configured to TRX with least number of occupied channels
If between different types of TCHs must be selected, the preference order is: HR, FR, DR TCH
Intelligent underlay overlay network: dynamic SDCCHs supported by regular TRXs only
Exceptions:
Parameters
BSC parameters
MSC parameters
Buffering
Parameters
S depends on numberOfSlotsSpreadTrans
signalling channel mapping (CCCH + SDCCH combined or not in one multi
frame)
numberOfSlotsSpreadTrans = 10
signalling channel mapping = not
combined -> S = 58
-> t =
58..67
time channel
requests
NOKIA BSSPAR / 11.2006-V3
Radio
Resource
Administration
AGCH Parameters
noOfBlocksForAccessGrant 0..7 possible number, if CCCH and SDCCH are not combined
1..7 possible number, if CBCH is used in non combined
configuration
0..2 possible number, if CCCH and SDCCH are combined
Chs 1% 2% 3% 5 % Chs 1% 2% 3% 5%
1 0 .0 1 0 .0 2 0 .0 3 0 .0 5 21 1 2 .8 0 1 4 .0 0 1 4 .9 0 1 6 .2 0
2 0 .1 5 0 .2 2 0 .2 8 0 .3 8 22 1 3 .7 0 1 4 .9 0 1 5 .8 0 1 7 .1 0
3 0 .4 6 0 .6 0 0 .7 2 0 .9 0 23 1 4 .5 0 1 5 .8 0 1 6 .7 0 1 8 .1 0
4 0 .8 7 1 .0 9 1 .2 6 1 .5 2 24 1 5 .3 0 1 6 .6 0 1 7 .6 0 1 9 .0 0
5 1 .3 6 1 .6 6 1 .8 8 2 .2 2 25 1 6 .1 0 1 7 .5 0 1 8 .5 0 2 0 .0 0
6 1 .9 1 2 .2 8 2 .5 4 2 .9 6 26 1 7 .0 0 1 8 .4 0 1 9 .4 0 2 0 .9 0
7 2 .5 0 2 .9 4 3 .2 5 3 .7 5 27 1 7 .8 0 1 9 .3 0 2 0 .3 0 2 1 .9 0
8 3 .1 3 3 .6 3 3 .9 9 4 .5 4 28 1 8 .6 0 2 0 .2 0 2 1 .2 0 2 2 .9 0
9 3 .7 8 4 .3 4 4 .7 5 5 .3 7 29 1 9 .5 0 2 1 .0 0 2 2 .1 0 2 3 .8 0
10 4 .4 6 5 .0 8 5 .5 3 6 .2 2 30 2 0 .3 0 2 1 .9 0 2 3 .1 0 2 4 .8 0
11 5 .1 6 5 .8 4 6 .3 3 7 .0 8 31 2 1 .2 0 2 2 .8 0 2 4 .0 0 2 5 .8 0
12 5 .8 8 6 .6 1 7 .1 4 7 .9 5 32 2 2 .0 0 2 3 .7 0 2 4 .9 0 2 6 .7 0
13 6 .6 1 7 .4 0 7 .9 7 8 .8 3 33 2 2 .9 0 2 4 .6 0 2 5 .8 0 2 7 .7 0
14 7 .3 5 8 .2 0 8 .8 0 9 .7 3 34 2 3 .8 0 2 5 .5 0 2 6 .8 0 2 8 .7 0
15 8 .1 1 9 .0 1 9 .6 5 1 0 .6 0 35 2 4 .6 0 2 6 .4 0 2 7 .7 0 2 9 .7 0
16 8 .8 8 9 .8 3 1 0 .5 0 1 1 .5 0 36 2 5 .5 0 2 7 .3 0 2 8 .6 0 3 0 .7 0
17 9 .6 5 1 0 .7 0 1 1 .4 0 1 2 .5 0 37 2 6 .4 0 2 8 .3 0 2 9 .6 0 3 1 .6 0
18 1 0 .4 0 1 1 .5 0 1 2 .2 0 1 3 .4 0 38 2 7 .3 0 2 9 .2 0 3 0 .5 0 3 2 .6 0
19 1 1 .2 0 1 2 .3 0 1 3 .1 0 1 4 .3 0 39 2 8 .1 0 3 0 .1 0 3 1 .5 0 3 3 .6 0
20 1 2 .0 0 1 3 .2 0 1 4 .0 0 1 5 .2 0 40 2 9 .0 0 3 1 .0 0 3 2 .4 0 3 4 .6 0
Duration of call assignment = 7 s -> 7 s / 3600 s = 1.94 mErl on SDCCH per subscriber
325 subscribers -> 325 * 1.94 mErl = 0.6305 Erl on SDCCH
Reservation time for LU = 7s -> 7 s / 7200 s = 0.97 mErl on SDCCH per subscriber
325 subscribers -> 0.3153 Erl on SDCCH
Total SDCCH traffic -> 0.6305 Erl + 0.3153 Erl = 0.9458 Erl
Blocking probability = 1% -> 5 SDCCHs required -> not combined with CCCH
Total SDCCH traffic -> 0.6305 Erl + 0.3153 Erl + 0.325 Erl =
1.2708
Blocking probability = 1% -> 5 SDCCHs required -> not combined with
CCCH
f1 f1 f1 f1 f1 f1 f1 f1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f1 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
MS can camp on normal or extended cell, independently on the distance to the BTS
Base Station Identity Code BSIC = Network Colour Code NCC + Base Station
Colour Code BCC
bcc = 1
f1 bcc = 2
f2
f1
f3
f1
bcc = 3
received burst
data* training sequence* data*
expected burst
? training sequence ?
NOKIA BSSPAR / 11.2006-V3
Radio
Resource
Administration
Frequency Division Multiple Access
Example: GSM 900
Absolute radio frequency carrier number ARFCN
1 2 3 4 123124 1 2 3 4 123124
duplex distance
200 kHz
f2
f2 f1 f4
f1 f4 f3
f3 f5 f7
f5 f7 f6
f6 f2
f1 f4
f3
f5 f7
f6
btsIsHopping BB,RF,N
BB = base band hopping
RF = RF hopping
N = no frequency hopping at all
Frequency
Call is transmitted through several frequencies to
average
the interference (interference diversity)
minimise
the impact of fading (frequency diversity)
F1
F2
F3
Hopping sequence
hoppingSequenceNumber 0..63
0 = cyclic hopping
1..63 = pseudorandom hopping
Baseband Hopping
0 1 2 7 Timeslot
TRX 1 BC f1 HSN1
CH Timeslot 0 hops over TRXs 2-4 only
TRX 2 f2
BCCH does not hop
TRX 3 f3
TRX 4 f4 HSN2
Timeslots 1-7 hop over all TRXs
0 1 2 7 Timeslot
TRX 1 BC
f1 no hopping
CH
TRX 2
f2,f3..fn hopping according
TRX 3 mobile allocation list
One hopping sequence
TRX 4 number only
TRX-1 BCCH
Not adequate for MA list with consecutive ARFCN values
Avoids co-channel interference Sector 1 0 TRX-2 TCH
But not adjacent channel interference
2 TRX-3 TCH
Flexible MAIO management 4 TRX-4 TCH
MAIO increases with constant step size from one TRX to the TRX-5 BCCH
next one
Sector 2 6 TRX-6 TCH
maioStep 0..62 8 TRX-7 TCH
14 TRX-11 TCH
16 TRX-12 TCH
BCCH BCCH
MA list MA list
Discrete ARFCN Consecutive ARFCN
MA
MAlist
listand
andBCCH
BCCHfrequency
frequencyplanning
planningrequired
requiredOnly
OnlyBCCH
BCCHfrequency
frequencyplanning
planningrequired
required
BSIC / TSC
Frequencies
Frequency hopping setting
Intelligent underlay overlay TRX settings