Jaringan Nirkabel dan Bergerak

Introduction
Dr. Widyawan, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D
Dr. I Wayan Mustika, ST., M.Eng.
Jurusan Teknik Elektro dan Teknologi
Informasi

Outline
Data Communication
Networks
Protocols and Standards
Standard Organization

Introduction
Data communications are the exchange
of data between two devices or among
devices via some form of transmission
medium such as wire cable, wireless, etc.

Data Communication System

Components
Message
Text, numbers, pictures, audio, and video

Sender
Computer, workstation, mobile phone, video
camera

Receiver
Computer, workstation, mobile phone, TV

Transmission Medium
Cable, fiber-optic, radio waves

Communication Protocol
IPX/SPX, X.25, TCP/IP

Data Flow
Communication between two devices can
be simplex, half-duplex, or full-duplex

Simplex
Only one of the two devices on a link can
transmit; the other can only receive
Keyboard, monitor, scanner, printer

Half-Duplex
Each station can both transmit and
receive, but not at the same time
Walkie-talkies, CB radios

Full-Duplex
Both station can transmit and receive
simultaneously
Telephone network, Ethernet

Networks
A network is a set of devices connected by
communication link
Devices or nodes can be computers, printers, etc.

Throughput
Delay

Frequency of failure
Network robustness

Protecting data
Implementing policie

Network Attributes
Type of Connection or Line Configuration
Physical Topology

Point-to-Point Connection

Multipoint Connection
Capacity of the channel is shared (time-sharing)

Network Attributes
Type of Connection or Line Configuration
Physical Topology

Mesh Topology
Every device has a dedicated point-to-point link to
every other device
Advantage:
Each connection can
carry its own data
Robust
Privacy and security
Ease to identify and
isolate the failure

Disadvantage:
Amount of cabling and
I/O ports
Expensive

Star Topology
Each device has a dedicated point-to-point link
only to a central controller
Advantage:
Easy to install and
reconfigure
Less cabling
Robust
Easy fault identification
and fault isolation

Disadvantage:
Highly depend on the
central controller

Tree Topology

Bus Topology
Nodes are connected to the bus cable by drop
line and tap

Advantage:
Ease of installation

Disadvantage:
Difficult reconnection and fault isolation

Ring Topology
Each device has a dedicated point-to-point
connection with only two devices on either side of
it
Advantage:
Easy to install and
reconfigure
Easy fault isolation

Disadvantage:
A break in the ring can
disable the entire network

Hybrid Topology

Categories of Networks
Local Area Networks
Wide Area Networks

Categories of Networks
Local Area Networks
Wide Area Networks

Interconnection of Networks:
Internetwork
When two or more networks are connected, the
become an internetwork or internet

Protocols
A protocol is a set of of rules that govern
data communications
Key elements:
Syntax
Structure or format of data
Semantics
Meaning of each section of bits
Timing
When data should be sent and how fast they can
be sent

Standards
Standards provide guidelines to manufacturers, vendors,
government agencies, and other service providers to
ensure interconnectivity and interoperability

Standard Organizations
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
International Telecommunication Union
Telecommunication Standards Sector (ITU-T)
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Electronic Industries Association (EIA)