INDUSTRIAL WATER

POLLUTION CONTROL
Ass. Prof. Dr. Erkan AHNKAYA

Source and characteristics of Ind. WW

Undesirable WW may include;
Soluble Organics
Suspended solids
Priority pollutants
Heavy metals
Color and turbidity
N and P
Refractory organics
Oil and grease
Persistent organics (such as DDT)
Emerging Pollutants (Pharmaceuticals, personal
care products, endocrine disrupting compounds)

Flow rate and waste characteristics show great

variation depending on
Diversity

of product manufactured
Process operation (batch or continuous)
Housekeeping
Short term (diurnal) and long term (seasonal)
variations are observed.

Variations in Flow and Characteristics

Example
Using the measured data for BOD plot frequency of
occurrence curve

First value = 100/(2*n)

The general procedure to develop

necessary information
Develop

a sewer map and point sampling locations for

flow measurement and characterization
Establish sampling and analysis schedule. Continuous
samples with composites weighted according to flow
are the most desirable. But difficult. Continuous
processes can be sampled hourly and composited on
an 8-, 12- or 24-h basis.
Develop a flow and material diagram
Establish a statistical variations for flow and waste
characteristics

Establishing analysis
The

analyses to be run depend on the parameter

and purpose.
pH should be measured on grab samples since it
can be neutralized in composite samples and
mislead for design.
BOD: 8-h or shorter composites.
For nutrient removing systems N and P should
be measured on 24-h composites.
Frequency of occurrence is important in
statistical analysis

Turkish Water Pollution Control

Regulation

Parameter

Unit

2h-Composite
samples

24h-Composite
samples

BOD5

(mg/L)

40

35

COD

(mg/L)

120

90

SS

(mg/L)

40

25

pH

6-9

6-9

.Composite sampling

User-friendly programming
for all applications
basic and extended
programming modes provides
program your sampler for:

Uniform time intervals

Non-uniform time intervals
Flow-paced sampling with or
without time delay

Isco 3710C Compact

Portable Composite Sampler

Flow Masurement
Depends

on physical location of sampling

If water flows through a sewer then calculate

velocity, measure water depth and Q=V.A
The area can be calculated from depth of water
Vavrg=0.8*Vsurf
Vsurf is measured using a floating object
between two manholes or use a current meter

.flow measurement
In

a channel flow can be measured by using veirs or

measuring velocity and calculating wet area.
Use pumping rate for flow measurement
Water consumption can be used to estimate
wastewater flow
Infiltration and exfiltration should be considered. The
water loss from sewer can be calculated based on;
Drainage area (0,1-0,2 l/sn.ha)
Length of sewer (0,80 l/sn.km)
Both length and diameter of sewer (0,5-5 m3/d.km.cm)

If Low flow is expected.

When

plant is operating well below the

design capacity, particularly during the
initial years of operation, recycling
treated effluent may be considered.

Treatment
Plant

Flow measurement points

On

the channels and control manhole

WWTP inlet
After screens, after grit removal or after primary
sedimentation
Pump stations
Before discharge

Veirs for flow

measurement

Operational Cost

PREDICTION OF DENIZLI WASTEWATER TREATMENT

PLANT PERFORMANCE USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL
NETWORK MODELLING

(A master thesis study supervised by Dr. Erkan SAHNKAYA)

WWTP ;

The number of municipalities having a municipal

238 @ 2001
322 @ 2002
362 @ 2006
436 @ 2008

DENZL MUNICIPAL WWTP

DWWT Design Criteria

The

WWTP was planned as two stages; 2005 and

2025
The project flow rate at 2005 and 2025 are 692
lt/sn and 2806 lt/sn, respectively
The population at 2005 and 2025 are 378353 and
703838, respectively.
BOD5 loading 54 gr/person-day,
Total N loading 10 gr/person-day,
Total P loading 2 gr/person-day,
SS loading 140 gr/person-day.

Figure. DWWTP process flow diagram

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Measured parameters
Grab samples
Temperature
- pH
- Conductivity
- Dissolved
Oxygen
-

2h- and 24h- Composite

samples
- BOD
- COD,
- SS
- SVI,
- Total nitrogen
- Total P

The parameters predicted by ANN are effluent

COD, BOD, total N, total P and SVI

The Structure of ANN used in the modeling

RESULTS

Figure. The plant influent and effluent pH (a), temperature

(b), conductivity (c) and SS (d)

Figure. BOD and COD removal performance

Figure. Total N and Total P removal performance

Figure. BOD/COD

(a)

Haval.havuzu
GeriDevir

10000

AKM(mg/L)

8000
6000
4000
2000
0
1000

(b)

H(mL/g)

800
600
400
200
0
(c)

kAKM

80
60
40
20
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

Verino

Figure. SS at aeration tank and recycle line(a), SVI and effluent SS (c)

The ANN Prediction of DWWTP

Performance

Table. The comparison of different scenarios for the

ANN prediction of Effluent COD

KO(mg/L)

llen
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200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

Verino

Figure. ANN prediction of effluent COD

llen
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30

BO(mg/L)

25
20
15
10
5
0
0

20

40

60
Verino

Figure. ANN prediction of effluent BOD

80

100

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50

ToplamN(mg/L)

40
30
20
10
0
0

20

40

60
Verino

Figure. ANN prediction of effluent total N

80

100

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10

ToplamP(mg/L)

8
6
4
2
0
0

20

40

60
Verino

Figure. ANN prediction of effluent Total P

80

100

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800
700
SVI(mL/g)

600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0

20

40

60
Verino

Figure. ANN prediction of SVI

80

100

Thanks for your listening