OBJECTIVE
INTRODUCTION
Pipe is one type of a covered channel mainly come in
a rounded shape area.
Theres another type of pipe with rectangle and
triangle shape but the use of it isnt as popular as
the rounded shape area of pipe.
There are two types of flow in a pipe which is a full
flow and a half flow.
If the flow in pipe is full there are liquid pressure in
the pipe.
However if the pipe is half flow, there are no liquid
pressure because of the free surfaces and there are
only an atmosphere pressure acted towards the
liquid.
CONTINUE
The force that acted towards the liquid in the pipe is the
force come from the different pressure between cross
section 1 and 2 and also because of the friction in pipe
The velocity in cross section 1 and 2 is fix because of the
uniform flow. Therefore, the resultant force between the
two force acted in the same direction is zero.
hf =
Where:
f = friction coefficient
l = lenght of pipe
v = liquid velocity
d = pipe diameter
OR
LOSES OF MINOR
ENERGY(SECONDARY) IN A PIPE.
Loses of minor energy in pipe is due to certain
circumstances along pipe.
These minor loses happen mainly at :
Inlet of a pipeline
Outlet of a pipeline
Sudden increasement of pipe diameter
Sudden decreasement of pipe diameter
Corners and junction along the pipeline.
Untight valve.