METALS
Ikhsan Fachriansyah Putra
Inayah Tria Putri
Iskandar Khalid
Olgi Okta Surya
Wahyoe Pramukti
ATOMIC PROPERTIES
METAL
S
METAL
RADIU
S
IONIC
RADIU
S
ALKALI
+1
+2
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
METALS
KERAPAT
AN
KEKERA
SAN
MOLTE
N
POINT
BOILING
POINT
ALKALI
Increase
Decrease
Decrea
se
Decrease
ALKALI
EARTH
Increase
Decrease
Decrea
se
Decrease
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
ELEMEN
TS
ELECTRON
ELEMENTS
ELECTRON
CONFIGURAT
ION
CONFIGURAT
ION
Lithium
[He] 2s1
Beryllium
[He] 2s2
Sodium
[Ne] 3s1
Magnesium
[Ne] 3s2
Potassium
[Ar] 4s1
Calcium
[Ar] 4s2
Rubidium
[Kr] 5s1
Strontium
[Kr] 5s2
Cesium
[Xe] 6s1
Barium
[Xe] 6s2
Francium
[Rn] 7s1
Radium
[Rn] 7s2
FLAME COLOR
ALKALINE EARTH
ALKALI
RED
WHITE
YELLOW
WHITE
PURPLE
ORANGE
RED
BLUE
RED
GREEN
REACTIONS
1. REACTION WITH OXYGEN
2. REACTION WITH
HALOGEN
(forming halida compound)
3. REACTION WITH
SULFUR
(forming sulfida compound)
EXTRACTION OF ALKALI
METALS
ALKALI
METALS
EXTRACTION
Lithium (Li)
Electrolysis Method
Source of Li metal is spodumene [LiAl(SiO) 3] is
heated in 100, then mixed with hot H2SO4 and
dissolved with water to produce Li2SO4 reacted with
Na2CO3 to form Li2CO3.
Li2SO4 + Na2CO3
Li2CO3 + Na2SO4
Then reacted with HCL to form LiCl
Li2CO3 + 2HCL
2LiCL + H2O + CO2
Li is produced from electrolysis of molten LiCl:
Cathode: Li+ + eLi
Anode : Cl Cl2 + e-
ALKALI
METALS
EXTRACTION
Natrium (Na)
Electrolysis Method
Source of Na metal is rock salt and sea water. Na can
only produced from electrolysis of molten NaCl using
Down Cell.
Cathode: Na+ eNa
Anode : Cl Cl2 + e-
Kalium (K)
Reduction Method
Source of K metal is sylvit (KCL). K metal is produced
with reduction method where molten KCL is reacted
with Na.
Na + KCL
K + NaCl
Reduction Method
Cs metal is produced
with
reducing
molten
reducing
molten
EXTRACTION
Berilium (Be)
Reduction Method
Source of Be is Beril [Be3Al2(SiO6)3] heated in 700
with Na2SiF6 to produced BeF2 and reducted to
produced Be metal.
BeF2 + Mg
MgF2 + Be
Electrolysis Method
Be extracted from molten BeCl2 that has been
added with NaCl. The addition of NaCl because of
BeCl2 cant conduct electrictiy well.
Cathode: Be2+ + 2eBe
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2e-
ALKALINE
EARTH METALS
EXTRACTION
Magnesium (Mg)
Electrolysis Method
Source of Mg metal is sea water. Mg is produced
with reaction of sea water and CaO.
CaO + H2O
Ca2+ + 2OHMg2+ + 2OHMg)OH)2
Mg(OH)2 reacted with HCl to form MgCl2
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl
MgCl2 + 2H2O
Mg is produced from electrolysis of molten MgCl2:
Cathode: Mg2+ + 2eMg
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2e-
Reduction Method
Another source of Mg is dolmit [MgCa(CO3)2] is
heated to form MgO.CaO then heated with FeSi to
produced Mg.
2[MgO.CaO] + FeSi
2Mg +Ca2SiO4 + Fe
ALKALINE
EARTH METALS
EXTRACTION
Calsium (Ca)
Electrolysis Method
the main source is limestone (CaCO3) reacted
with HCl to form CaCl2
CaCO3 + 2HCl
CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
Ca can produced from electolysis of molten CaCl2
Cathode: Ca2+ + 2eCa
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2eReduction Method
Reduction of CaO by Al :
6CaO + 2Al
3Ca + Ca3Al2O6
Reduction of CaCl2 by Na:
CaCl2 + 2Na
Ca + 2NaCl
ALKALINE
EARTH METALS
EXTRACTION
Stronsium (Sr)
Electrolysis Method
The main source of Sr is selestit and processed to
form SrCl2. Sr produced with electrolysis of SrCl2
Cathode: Sr2+ + 2eSr
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2e-
Barium (Ba)
Electrolysis Method
The main source of Ba is barit (BaSO4) processed
to form BaCl2. Ba is produced from electrolysis of
molten BaCl2
Cathode: Ba2+ + 2eBa
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2eReduction Method
6BaO + 2Al
3Ba + Ba3Al2O6
Radium (Rd)
Electrolysis Method
Ra is produced from electrolysis of molten RaCl2
Cathode: Ra2+ + 2eRa
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2e-
APPLICATION OF ALKALI
METALS
Used in mixed
batteryofofMg
calculator,
and Al for
watch,
airplane
etc.component
Lithium
Used in mixed of Mg and Al for airplane component
Lithium
Used in battery of calculator, watch, etc.
Rubidium
Used to change light energy to electricity
Rubidium
Used to change light energy to electricity
Stronsium