Computer Fundamental & Online Network

Dosen: Yoseph H. Maturbongs, S.Kom., M.T.I

Pertemuan

#3
The System
Unit

Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Komunikasi dan Sekretari TARAKANITA

Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Topic Outline

Information Technolgy
How data processed
Understand CPU
Understand Memory Type & Fucntion
Identify and use ports and buses
Troubleshooting

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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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myH

IT Definition
Alter (1992)
mencakup perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak untuk
melaksanakan satu atau sejumlah tugas pemrosesan data seperti
menangkap, mentransmisikan, menyimpan, mengambil,
memanipulasi atau menampilkan data

Kamus Oxford (1995)

adalah studi atau penggunaan peralatan elektronika, terutama
komputer, utntuk menyimpan, menganalisa & mendistribusikan
informasi apa saja, termasuk huruf, bilangan dan gambar

Lucas (2000)
adalah segala bentuk teknologi yang diterapkan untuk
memproses dan mengirimkan informasi dalam bentuk elektronis.

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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IT Definition

Adalah gabungan antara

teknologi komputer
dengan teknologi
telekomunikasi
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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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IT Function
Capture

Transmit
TEKNOLOGI
TEKNOLOGI
INFORMASI
INFORMASI
Sotre/Retreive
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Proces
s

Generate
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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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IT and Business
Teknologi Informasi mendukung dunia bisnis

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Group of IT
Terbagi atas 6 kelompok:
1. Teknologi masukan (input technology)
2. Mesin Pemroses (processing machine)
3. Teknologi Keluaran (output technology)
4. Teknologi Perangkat Lunak (software
technology)
5. Teknologi Penyimpan (storage technology)
6. Teknologi Telekomunikasi (telecommunication
technology)

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Computer Basic Component

Semua Komputer memiliki komponen dasar yg sama

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Inside The Computer

Komponen Komputer

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Computer dan Pheripheral

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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Diagram Hardware

Input
Device

CPU

Output
Device

Memori

Storage
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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Diagram Hardware
The CPU

Input
Devices

Control
Unit

ALU

Registers
Primary
Storage

Output
Devices

Communication
Devices

Secondary
Storage

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Definition

The heart of any computer is its

system unit.
The system unit is the main body of
the computer, containing the essential
components it needs to function

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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CPU
Every computer has at least one processor, also
called a central processing unit (CPU).
The CPU contains millions of tiny transistors and
pathways that take in data and instructions,
process (calculate) the data according to the
instructions, and output the results of the
calculations.
A computer may also have smaller processors
used in specific subsystems, such as a graphics
processor.
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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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CPU

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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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CPU COMPONENTS

The control unit manages the

flow of data through the CPU
The arithmetic logic unit
(ALU) component does the
actual processing
Registers are holding areas
for both data and instructions.
Primary Storage (RAM)
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The CPU

Control
Unit

ALU

Registers

Primary
Storage

Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Komunikasi dan Sekretari TARAKANITA

Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Processing Example

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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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The Machine Cycle

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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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The CPU units

Physical Composition of a CPU
CPU is a very small and thin sheet of
semiconductor material (usually silicon)
with a complex array of tiny transistors and
buses

Cores
Core A set of the essential processor
components that work together (control unit,
ALU, and registers). A CPU may have
multiple cores.
Most modern CPUs have multiple cores, so
they can complete multiple tasks
simultaneously
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The CPU units

Caches
A small amount of fast memory located near or
within the CPU.
Latency A period of waiting for another component
to deliver data needed to proceed.

CPU Performance Factors

CPU speed, measured in billions of hertz, or
gigahertz (GHz).

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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The Evolution of CPU

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Understanding Memory

Dynamic memory

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Static memory

Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Komunikasi dan Sekretari TARAKANITA

Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Understanding Memory

System memory
The main memory in a computer system, such as the
RAM installed on the PCs motherboard, is dynamic
RAM (DRAM).

Component memory
Many components have a small amount of memory
built in for their own use.
For example, a printer might have RAM that holds
the information about the page it is printing, and a
display adapter might have memory to hold the data
about the image it is displaying on the monitor.
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Understanding Memory

ROM-BIOS
A motherboard has an Electrically Erasable
Programmable ROM (EEPROM) chip that
contains the low-level startup instructions for
the hardware.

Caches
The L1, L2, and L3 caches in a CPU are a
type of static RAM (SRAM).

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Understanding Memory
D
SS

USB flash drives, memory

cards, and solid-state
hard drives
Use a type of EEPROM to
store data.
This type of EEPROM is
also called flash memory. Its
allows data to be written and
rewritten to it multiple
times.
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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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System memory

Dual inline memory modules (DIMMs)

Physically, system memory comes mounted on
small rectangular circuit boards.

Small Outline DIMM (SO-DIMM)

Used in notebook computers

P#3-26

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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The Types of RAM

Synchronous Dynamic RAM

(SDRAM)
Single Data Rate SDRAM (SDR
SDRAM)
Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR
SDRAM): two actions per clock tick
DDR2 SDRAM: four actions per clock tick
DDR3 SDRAM: eight actions per clock tick
DDR4 SDRAM: technical improvements over DDR3

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Understanding Motherboard

Both the CPU and the memory plug

into the motherboard
The motherboards capabilities are determined
by its chipset (The controller chip on a circuit
board)
A motherboard typically supports only one
brand of CPU

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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Understanding Motherboard
PS/2 port
Mouse
Port

Keyboard
Port
DVI Port
VGA Port
USB Port
LAN Port
Audio Port

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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Understanding Motherboard
Example Motherboard Specifications

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Display Port
Digital Visual
Interface

Video Graphic Adapter

DisplayPort

High Definition
Multimedia Interface
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Type of Ports

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Type of Ports
1 - PS/2 mouse port.
2 - Video out port. (TV)
3 Firewire (highspeed)
4 - LAN (RJ-45) port.
5 - Rear Speaker Out port .
6 - Center/Subwoofer port.
7 - Line In port.
8 - Line Out port.
9 - Microphone port.
10 - Side Speaker Out port.
11 - USB 2.0 ports
12 - VGA port.
13 - Coaxial S/PDIF Out port.
14 - S-Video port..
15 - PS/2 keyboard port

Sony/Philips Digital Interconnect Format

P#3-33

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Understanding Power Supply

The power from your wall outlet is alternating
current (AC), and is either 110 volt (v) or 220v,
depending on the country in which you live.
Computer components require direct current
(DC) and require much lower voltages
A power supply has two jobs:
It converts AC to DC power.
It decreases the voltage to the amount required for each
component

On a notebook PC, the power supply is built in.

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Understanding Power Supply

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Yoseph H. M

Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Troubleshooting
No Response
If the computer doesnt show any signs of life when
you press its Power button (no lights and no fan
noises), it is most likely not receiving electricity
soft reset; hard reset

Fan Noise but Nothing On screen

The device is receiving power but it is unable to
complete its power-on self test (POST)
The computer in normal start-up beep once.
Multiple beeps sign there is problem with memory
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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Troubleshooting
Error Message on a Black Screen
system is having a problem with a specific
component or it cant find and start the operating
system
No Operating System or Non-System Disk Error
message could mean that your hard drive does not
contain an operating system

Error Message on a Bright Blue Screen

serious hardware or memory problem that prevents
Windows from starting
call as blue screen of death, (BSOD)
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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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Troubleshooting
Error Message on a Black Screen

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Troubleshooting
Error Message on a Bright Blue Screen

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Computer Fundamental & Online Network

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TERIMA KASIH

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