"It's Cooler Than ICE!": Jamestown

Super 100 Greatest American History Facts
Colonization Through the Civil War
Its cooler than ICE!
1. Jamestown,
Jamestown Virginia, the first permanent
English settlement, was founded in 1607.

2.The Declaration of Independence was signed

July 4, 1776 (Written by Thomas Jefferson).

3. The Constitution of the United States was

written in 1787- James Madison is the
Father

4. President Thomas Jefferson purchased the

Louisiana Territory
Territory from France in 1803.
Louisiana
ld! ted
o
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ni 5
U
the for $1
o
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5. The Civil War was fought from 1861-1865.

6. The ___House
VA
of Burgesses was the first
representative assembly in the new world.

7. The first battle of the American Revolution was

at Lexington
Lexingtonand
andConcord
Concordin April 1775.
Hey Ralph! I bet they hear
this shot round the world!
Thats good
stuff!

8. The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the

American Revolution (French entered the war).
If you get shot,
can I have your
Freedom Fries?

9. The British defeat in 1781 at Yorktown

Yorktown, Virginia by George
Washingtons troops signaled the end of the American
Revolution.
http://www.britishbattles.com/battle-yorktown.htm

10. Mercantilism is an economic system in which the

mother country controls the trade of its colonies.

11. A tariff
tariff is a tax on goods brought into a
country (designed to protect home industries).
Foreign
Merchant

12. Republicanism
Republicanism is a system of representative
government in which voters elect
representatives to make laws for them.

13. The Three Branches of Government are the

Legislative,
Legislative,Executive
Executive,and
and Judicial
Judicial Branches.

14. Checks and Balances is a system set up by the Constitution

in which each branch of the federal government has the power
to check, or control, the actions of the other branches.

15. Federalism is the sharing of power between

the states and the national government.

16. The Legislative

Legislative Branch makes the laws.
The Executive
Executive Branch enforces the laws.
My nameThe Judicial Branch interprets the
is Bill
meaning of the laws.
Lawmaker
.
I veto
you
You are
SO
guilty!!!
Super
100
Greatest
American
History
Facts
We are the
knights
who say
Ni!
17. The Magna

Magna Carta,
Carta signed in 1215 by King John, was
the first document that limited power of the ruler.
Bring me
a shrubery!
Magna Carta, 1215

No freeman shall be
seized except by
the lawful judgment
of his peers (equals),
or by the law of the
land.

18. The Mayflower Compact - an agreement

signed in 1620 by the Pilgrims in Plymouth. It
is the 1st representative government in America.
Does the
Indian think
hes hiding?
Dont go!
Im cold & I
want my
mommy.

19. The Proclamation

Proclamation
of 1763 limited the

colonies from
expanding west of
the Appalachian
Mountains
Do not cross, by order
of the British

20. The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the

French and Indian War. The debt from the war
led to increased British taxation of the colonies.
Eres your
tea, MATE!
Poop on
your duty.
Your Coercive
Acts are
Intolerable!

21. The English Bill of Rights of 1689 protected the

rights of English citizens and became the basis for the
That it is the right of the American Bill of Rights.
subjects to petition the king
King James II
I will
Youre out Daddy
& we are in. We
RULE you,
know Parliament
punk!
has the funk.
William & Mary

22. These acts following the French &

Indian War ticked off the Colonies and
eventually led to the Revolution!
Sugar
Tea
Stamp
Quartering Act
Quebec
1764
1773
1765
1765
Intolerable or Coercive
1774
1774
Townshend
1767


23. Common Sense - a pamphlet by Thomas
Paine that convinced many colonists to support
independence from Great Britain.
It is Paine-ful to
not use Common
Sense.
Get it?
Ha ha!

24. Thomas Paine wrote pamphlets like Common

Sense and The Crisis to encourage American
independence and resolve.
The
n
These are the
o
m
times that try
m
Crisis
o
e
C
s
mens
souls
n
Se

25. Ben Franklin wrote the Albany Plan of Union Join

or Die! He also signed the Declaration of
Independence and the Constitution.
Those
who
would
give
up to
He
that
is
good
for
making
Energy
He
Never
that
An
to
investment
and
bed
falls
leave
persistence
and
inis
that
love
early
intill
with
Creditors
have
better
IEarly
Well
am
in
done
the
prime
better
of
essential
liberty
to
purchase
a
excuses
is
seldom
good
for
himself
rise
tomorrow
knowledge
conquer
makes
will which
have
aalways
all
man
things.
no
you
healthy,
rivals.
pays
can
memories
than
little
temporary
safety
deserve
than
senility.
well
said.
anything
else.
wealthy,
the best
do today.
and
interest.
wise.
neitherdebtors.
liberty nor safety.

26. Sam Adams, a member of the Sons of Liberty and

leader of the Boston Tea Party, stirred public support
for American independence.
Die, you defenseless American
rebels! We massacre your for no
reason! (according to Paul Revere)
If ye love wealth better

than liberty...
Crouch down and lick
the hands which feed
you.

27. The fiery orator, patriot and Anti-Federalist Patrick Henry

called for American independence and later opposed the
Constitution because it did not protect individual liberties.
Give me
liberty or give
me death!
I smell a rat
I got your Bill of

Rights right here,
you stinkin AntiFederalist!

28.George
George Washington
Washington was the leader of the
Continental Army who later became the first
President of the United States .

29. A patriot is
someone who
supported
American
independence Im a Patriot,
during the
too!
TOUCHDOWN!
Revolution.

30. A loyalist is
someone who
supported
maintaining
British rule
over the
colonies
during the
Revolution.
Why dont you

hold the end of
this electrified
string, you dirty
loyalist!
I sure do
like
England,
Dad.

31. King George III of England: He offended the

colonies with his taxes and abuses of our rights as
Englishman.
King George III Statue being pulled down

32. The Declaration of Independence - a list of

grievances against King George III - was written by
Thomas Jefferson-July 4, 1776. It declared the
colonies independent from England.
Dear Georgie,
You stink.
Love, Tom

33. Unalienable
Unalienable Rights
rights are rights that cannot be given
up, taken away or transferred. Life, liberty and the
pursuit of happiness, are some of those rights.
Grrrrr My Rights are Godgiven, natural rights and you
cant take them from me!!
Woof!
Arf!
I am the King of this
kennel, and I will take
them If I want!
Bark!!

34. The Articles of Confederation

Our 1st National government with
one branch (legislative). The states
have most of the power. It would be
replaced by the Constitution in 1787.
Weaknesses of the Articles of
Confederation
No executive branch
No levying of taxes
No judicial branch
No regulation of trade

35. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 established the procedures

for the expansion of the United States and explains that new
states are admitted to the Union equal to existing states.
Congress appoints governor
To rule territory
MN
With 5,000 free adult males,

elect a territorial legislature
WI
MI
IL
IN
60,000 total free population,

write a constitution
OH
Congressional approval of
Constitution means statehood

36. The Treaty of Paris of 1783 ended the American Revolution

and forced Britain to recognize the United States as an
independent nation.
Ahh Paris. Such a
wonderful HEY!
Where did the British
go?!?
Come on, mates.

Lets go home and get
some fish and chips.


37. Shays
Rebellion
Shays
Rebellion
highlighted the weaknesses
of the Articles of
Confederation & convinced
many Founders of the need
for a stronger national
government.
GW should be scared!
Take my farm? Ill
whup that tax man
from a sittin position.

38. Alexander Hamilton:

Hamilton a leader of the Federalists, first
Treasurer of the United States, and creator of the Bank of the
U.S. - killed in a duel by the V. P. of the U. S.
Suck eggs Tom!! The
national government
must be strong & the
banks a great idea.
The bank is unconstitutional.

Power to the states & may
my V.P. shoot you dead!

39. The Great Compromise

created a bi-cameral (2
House) Legislature we call
Congress.
Representation in the
House of
Representatives:
population; the Senate:
each state gets 2.
Senate -2 for each state
House of
Representatives (435)

40. The Constitution

Constitution (our written plan of government) - Created:
Philadelphia, 1787. Provides a strong national government with
power balanced between the 3 branches.
Executive
Po
w
er
Po
we
r
Legislative
Power
Judicial

41. James
Madison
Madison is
considered to
be the Father
of the
Constitution.
I should
win
Father of
the Year
for this.
Baby Constitution
#1
Dad!

42. Separation of Powers

Powers: system in which each
branch of government has its own powers.
Legislative
Makes Laws
Executive
Judicial
Executes Laws
Interprets
Laws

YES!
YES!by vote.
43. Ratify means to approve
YES!
Great.
Now that
we have
Sweet!
Now
theall
signed the Constitution, will the
YES! RATIFIED!
Constitution
states voteisfor
it?
YES! YES!
YES!
YES!
YES!
YES!
YES!
YES!
YES!


44. Amend
Amend
I can amend
means to
the
change. As
Amendments
!
in amend the
Constitution
so it works
better.
Amendment
Amendment
= change to
the
Constitution
3/4

45. TheBill
Billof
ofRights
Rights - 1st ten amendments to the Constitution
--designed to protect our individual liberties.

46.
The First Amendment
Protects the freedom of

Religion
Assembly
Press
Petition
Speech

47. The 2nd

Amen
2nd Amendment
A well regulated
Militia being necessary
I have the right to
to the securitybear
of aarms!
free Grrrr!
State, the right of the
people to keep and bear
Arms, shall not be
infringed.
I sure wish I
had a gun!


47. The 2nd
2nd Amendment
Amendment A well regulated
Militia being necessary to the security of a free
State, the right of the people to keep and bear
Arms, shall not be infringed.

rd Amendment - "No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered

48. The 3
3rd
Amendment
in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but
in a manner to be prescribed by law."
This
place
looks
great!!
I think
Ill
move
in.
3rd Amendment


49. Due process
process how laws are enforced fairly
For example
4th Amendment - no illegal search or seizure.
5th Amendment - no self-incrimination, no double jeopardy, and no
loss of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
6th Amendment - the right to a speedy trial, a lawyer, to cross examine
witnesses, and the right to force witnesses at a trial to testify.
7th Amendment - the right to a jury trial in civil suits.
8th Amendment - Excessive bail shall not be required,

nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual
punishments inflicted.

50. The 9th9th

Amendment
Amendment:WOW!! You mean I
The
enumeration
get even more rights
than what is in the in the Constitution,
Bill of Rights?!?!?
of certain rights,
That Flippin Rocks!!
shall not be
construed to deny
or disparage
others retained by
the people.

51. The 10th

10th Amendment
Amendment The powers not delegated to the
United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the
States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the
people. Meaning

52. 13th Amendment Slavery shall (not) exist

within the United States..

53. The 14th Amendment Defined the right of

citizenship & ended the 3/5 compromise.
Section 1. All personsare citizens of the United States...
No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge
the privileges or immunities of citizens nor deprive any
person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of
law; nor deny the equal protection of the laws.
Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among
the several States according to their respective numbers,
counting the whole number of persons in each State,
excluding Indians not taxed

54. The 15th

15th Amendment
Amendment The right of citizens of
the United States to vote shall not be denied or
abridged on account of race
Sadly, many southern states would find ways to

prevent African- Americans from voting.
Im free, I
have the
rights of all
citizens
(14th
amend),
and I get to
vote?
YAY!!

55. The 19th

19th Amendment
Amendment The right of citizens
of the United States to vote shall not be denied
1920 on account of sex.
1920
Hey Susan
B. Anthony,
I am
suffering
cause I
cant vote.
Suffrage
will cure
your
suffering,
Elizabeth
Cady
Stanton!

56. Popular
Sovereignty
the practice of
having the
authority to
make
decisions for
oneself.

57. Federalists were supporters of the Constitution who

favored a strong national government.
This rocks!
Now we have a
strong national
government!

are
Publius!
We are
Publius!
We We
are
Publius!
58. The Federalist

Papers - a series of
essays written by
James Madison,
John Jay, and
Alexander Hamilton
defending the
Constitution and the
principles on which
the government of
the United States
was founded.

59. Anti-Federalists
Anti-federalists were people opposed to the
Constitution, preferring more power be given
to the state governments than to the national
government.
Who gives you the
Hi
right to speak We
the People you
power monger!
Hi

60. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence,

became the 3rd President of the United States and purchased
the Louisiana territory, doubling the size of the United States.

61. George Washington

Washingtons Farewell Address advised the United
States to stay neutral in its relations with other nations and to
avoid entangling alliances.
The great rule of conduct for us in regard to

foreign nations is in extending our commercial
relations, to have with them as little political
connection as possible....It is our true policy
to steer clear of permanent alliances

with any portion of the foreign world....
- George Washingtons Farewell Address

62. Free Enterprise is an economic system where

citizens are free to choose how to make a living.
So thirsty
What to
choose?

63.
Marbury v. Madison was the 1803 Court decision that gave

the Supreme Court the power of judicial review - the right to
determine whether a law violates the Constitution.
I guess we
will decide
this on the
court!
Yo, dawg! You cant
stop me from
becoming a judge!

64. Industrial Revolution

Revolution: industry changed from the
production of goods at home (cottage industry) to
factory production using powered machinery.
Boott Mill, Lowell Mass.

65. Robert Fulton

Fultons
steamboat
improved
transportation of
goods and people
during the
Industrial
Revolution.
5 miles an hour!
Wooooooooooooohooooooooooooo!!!!
Were flyin now boys!!

66. Textile Mills

Thief: Samuel Slater
Importance: Led to
large-scale factory
production of cloth
through the use of
power looms.
Provided new job
opportunities for
young women.

67. Interchangeable
Parts
Inventor: Eli Whitney
Importance: Allowed
factories to make
products faster &
cheaper. Parts
could be replaced
easily if broken.

68. Cotton Gin - 1793

Inventor: Eli Whitney
Importance: Allowed for
fast separation of
cotton from seeds,
greatly increasing
profitability of cotton.
This made the use of
slavery on plantations
essential to cotton
farmers in the South.

69. James Monroe: 5th President & author of the Monroe

Doctrine, which shut down the western hemisphere to
But I
European expansion or interference.
was
prez, so
the
credit
go to
me!
I wrote it
cause Im
smrt.
John
Quincy
Adams Sec.

Your Bank bill bites,

70.
Congress! Now you
must get vetoed and
thumped by Old
Hickory!
Insult my beloved Rachel and Ill

Andrew
Jackson
Andrew
thump your skull. I will hold the
was
Jacksona self- Union together, so shut your trap
& pay the tariff SC!
made man &
founder of the
modern
Democratic Party.
He was
responsible for the
Trail of Tears and
he supported the
Union during the
Nullification Crisis

71. Trail of Tears

Tears: forced the Indians in the southeastern
U.S. to move west of the Mississippi River.
The
United
States
Cherokee
Choctaw
Chickasaw
Creek

72. Nullification is the idea of a state declaring a federal

law unconstitutional or not in force in that state.
Webster:
Liberty and Union, now and
forever, one and inseparable.
Jackson:
Our Federal Unionit must be
preserved.
Calhoun:
The Union, next to our liberty,
most dear.

73. Daniel Webster - a Massachusetts Congressman and

Senator who spoke for the North and the preservation of the
Union. Liberty and Union, now and
forever, one and inseparable.
Look
into my
eyes
and
repeat
after
me
Union,
Union,
Union

74. John C. Calhoun was a South Carolina Congressman and

Senator who spoke for the South before and during the Civil
War.
The Union,
next to our
liberty,
most dear
Punk !!

75. Henry Clay was a powerful Kentucky Congressman and

Senator who proposed the American System and the
Compromise of 1850. Known as the Great Compromiser
Union
Union
Union
Cant we
all just
get
along?
States
Or I
will
PUNK
you!


76. Manifest Destiny is the belief that the United
States should own all of the land between the
American
Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
".... the right of our
manifest destiny to
over spread and to
possess the whole of
the continent It is
right such as that of
the tree to the space
of air .
Progress by John
Gast, 1872

77. Westward
Expansion Draw an outline
map of the US.
Label the
Oregon Trail,
Santa Fe Trail,
Mormon Trail,
and California
Trail.
See page 506 of
textbook.

78. Reform movements like :

PublicEducation
education promotes knowledge and skills that
Public
open the doors to opportunity.
Education, then, beyond
all other devices of human
origin, is the great equalizer
of the conditions of men
Horace Mann, 1848
(#41, 2004 TAKS)

79. Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized the Seneca Falls

Convention, creating the Womens Rights Movement in the
United States.
Aint I a
woman?
Sojourner Truth
Women join the
abolitionist
Movement.
Women are
prevented from
Speaking publicly at
Abolitionist meetings.
Womens
Rights
Movement

80. The Temperance

Temperance Movement
Movement was a campaign
against the sale or drinking of alcohol.

81. An abolitionist was a person who wanted to end

slavery in the United States. Abolish - to get rid of.
Harriet Tubman helped over 300
slaves to freedom in the North
through the Underground Railroad.
William Lloyd Garrison

Outspoken white
abolitionist
Founded The Liberator, an
anti-slavery magazine, in
1831.

82. The Compromise of 1850 would try to solve the divisions

between free and slave states or territories.
The Fugitive Slave Act would upset Northerners.

83. Sectionalism is
a strong sense of
loyalty to a state
or section instead
of to the whole
country.

- Frederick Douglass, speaking at a 4th of July

celebration in 1852
The blessings in which you, this day, rejoice, are
not enjoyed in common.This Fourth of July is
yours not mine. You may rejoice, I must mourn.
84. Frederick Douglass

was a former slave who
became a well-known
abolitionist in the country.

85. Uncle Toms Cabin

Cabin,
an Anti-slavery novel
written by Harriet
Beecher Stowe,
created widespread
abolitionist support
among Northerners.
Im the little lady
who started the
great big war!
Tee-hee!

Taney & the Supreme

Court are racial jerks! I
have been wronged!
86. Dred Scott v. Sanford -1857

was the Supreme Court decision
that said slaves were property
and not citizens and thus cant
sue in court. It would find the
Missouri Compromise of 1820 to
be unconstitutional and aggravate
sectional tensions between North
and South.

(#16, 2000 TAAS)
Grab a gun and free

yourself!!!
Ill be a hero
to abolitionists
everywhere!!
87. In 1859 John Brown,

An abolitionist who
believed armed
resistance to slavery
was necessary, seized a
federal arsenal in
Harpers Ferry, Virginia,
in an attempt to begin a
slave rebellion. He was
captured and later
executed.
John Brown Villain or Hero?

88. Jefferson
Jefferson Davis
Davis was the
President of the Confederacy
during the Civil War.

89. Abraham
AbrahamLincoln
Lincoln 16th
President of the United
States (Union); served
during the Civil War
Has anyone seen

Thanks. hat?
my stovepipe

S Grant
90. Ulysses S.
Grant was the
General of the Union Army and
accepted Lees surrender at
Appomattox Court House,
ending the Civil War.
No other terms than

unconditional and immediate
surrender. I propose to move
immediately upon your works.

Whiskey - I like it, I always

did, and that is the reason I
never use it.
91. Robert E. Lee was the

General of the Confederate
Army. His defeat at
Gettysburg would be a
turning point in the Civil War
Never do a
wrong thing
to make a
friend or
keep one.

92. The first shots of the Civil War were fired at

Fort
Fort Sumter
Sumter - Charleston, South Carolina.
Edmund Ruffin
Robert
Anderson
Pierre
Teutante
Beauregard

Battle of
of Gettysburg,
Gettysburg July1-3,1863, was the
93. The Battle
turning point in the Civil War where Lees army is
defeated.
Hey, baby.
Wanna check out
my severed leg?

94. The Gettysburg Address - speech given by

Lincoln dedicating a cemetery for soldiers who died
at the Battle of Gettysburg. It is considered to be a
profound statement of American ideals.

94. The
Gettysburg
Address speech given by
Lincoln
dedicating a
cemetery for
soldiers who died
at the Battle of
Gettysburg. It is
considered to be
a profound
statement of
American ideals.
3 Confed. prisoners at Gettysburg

95. The capture of

Vicksburg,
Vicksburg
Mississippi by
the North in 1863,
was important
because it gave
the Union Army
control of the
Mississippi River.

House Virginia is where Robert E. Lee

96. Appomattox Court House,
surrendered the Confederate Army to Ulysses S. Grant, ending
the Civil War.

97. Abraham Lincoln issued the

Emancipation Proclamation on
January 1, 1863, setting all slaves
in the Confederate states free.

98. Lincolns First Inaugural

Address stated that, no statecan
lawfully get out of the Union, but
pledged there would be no war
unless the South started it.
no State upon its own mere
motion can lawfully get out of
the Union; that resolves and
ordinances to that effect are
legally void
I therefore consider that in
view of the Constitution and
the laws the Union is
unbroken

99. Lincolns Second Inaugural

Address was meant to help heal
and restore the country after four
years of Civil War. It stated the
South should be treated fairly.
With malice [hatred] toward none,
with charity for all,let us strive
on tobind up the nations
wounds, to care for him who shall
have borne the battle andto do
all which may achieve and
cherish a just and lasting peace
among ourselves

100. Primary Sources are the original records of

an event. They include eyewitness reports,
records created at the time of an event,
speeches, and letters by people involved in the
event, photographs and artifacts.
Secondary Sources are the later writings and
interpretations of historians and writers. Often
secondary sources, like textbooks and articles,
provide summaries of information found in
primary sources.
History
Rocks!!!

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Super 100 Greatest American History Facts

Colonization Through the Civil War