MECHANISMS AND
MACHINES
Module-09
Gears
Instructed by:
Anupam Saxena
Associate Professor
Department of Mechanical
Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Kanpur
anupams@iitk.ac.in
Prepared by:
FB 361
Abhishek Attal, Abhishek Sharma
Final Year Dual Degree Student
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
attalab@iitk.ac.in abhishr@iitk.ac.in
NL-312, FB369
Types of Gears
According to the position of axes of the shafts
Parallel
Spur
Helical
Rack and Pinion
Intersecting
Bevel Gear
Non intersecting
Worm and worm wheel
Spur Gears
Helical Gear
Used in transmitting torque between parallel shafts
Teeth are cut at an angle with the shaft axis
Helical gears can be meshed in parallelorcrossedorientations.
The angled teeth engage more gradually than spur gear teeth,
Bevel Gears
Used to transmit rotary motion between intersecting shafts
Tooth-bearing faces of the gears are conically shaped
Bevel gears are most often mounted on shafts that are
Terminology (Spur?)
Pinion and wheel: small pinion, large wheel
Pitch Curve: theoretical curve along which gear rolls (without
slipping)
Circular Pitch: distance measured along
the pitch circle from one point of tooth to
the corresponding point in adjacent tooth
Diametral Pitch: no. of teeth per unit
length of the PCD
Module: inverse of Diametral pitch
Addendum: radial distance b/w PC and top
land
Dedendum: radial distance b/w PC and bottom land
Clearance: amount by which dedendum of gear
exceeds the addendum of the mating gear
Equations
Involute Profile
Curve traced by a point on a string unwrapping
from a cylinder is involute profile
Pressure Angle
Common normal to the mating tooth curves at
the point of contact makes a constant angle with
the common tangent to the pitch circles passing
through the pitch point. This angle is called
pressure angle.
Construction