BONE

&

FRACTURE
HEALING

Januarsih A.Rachman

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 Learning Objectives
To explain the microstructure of the two
type of bones
To explain the growth of bone
To explain the fracture healing process

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Functions :
To support the body
To protect the internal
organs
Mechanical movement
To store several minerals
(Calcium, Phosphorous,
dan Magnesium)
The production of blood
cells
To store triglyceride

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 Composed of :
Bone Matrix
Cells :
Osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteoprogenitor

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 Bone matrix
INORGANIC ORGANIC MATTER
MATTER Collagen Fibers
Calcium Phosphate Amorphous Ground
Bicarbonate substance :
Chondroitin 4-sulfate
Citrate
Chondroitin 6-sulfate
Magnesium
Keratan Sulfate
Potassium
Sodium

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 TYPE
TYPE OF
OF BONE
BONE
MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION
Primary, immature or woven bone
Secondary, mature or lamellar bone

GROSS OBSERVATION (CROSS SECTION)

Dense area without cavities : Compact Bone
Areas with numerous interconnecting cavities : Cancellous
(spongy) bone

ANATOMY
long bone
short bone
flat bone
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Long bone

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 Thick ground section of tibia illustrating
the cortical compact bone and the lattice
of trabeculae of cancellous bone
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Haversian system (a part)

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 PRIMARY BONE TISSUE
(immature, woven bone)
First bone tissue

Temporary, replace by secondary bone tissue, except :

Near the sutures of the flat bones of the skull
In tooth sockets
In the insertion some tendons

Characteristics :
Irregular array of collagen fibers
Smaller mineral content
Higher proportion of osteocytes than in secondary bone tissue

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 SECONDARY BONE TISSUE
(mature, lamellar bone)
Usually found in adults
Characteristics :
- Haversian system or osteon
Lacunae
Haversian canals
Cementing substance
Collagen fibers : Lamellae
The lamellae exhibit a typical organization consisting of
Haversian system
Outer circumferential lamellae
Inner circumferential lamellae
Interstitial / intermediate lamellae

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 Histogenesis of bone
Intramembranous Ossification
Endochondral Ossification

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The beginning of intramembranous
ossification

Mesenchyme Bone Blastema Primary bone

Tissue 16
 Endochondral Ossification
Resting zone

Proliferative zone

Hypertrophic cartilage
zone
Calcified zone
Degenerative &
Ossification zone
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 Fracture Repair
Periosteal Newly formed primary
Periosteum proliferation Bone bone

Callus

Newly formed secondary

Hyaline Cartilage
bone

Healed fracture
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 Now I know
the microstructure of the two type of bones
the growth of bone
the fracture healing process

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Thank you
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