MATERIAL

SELECTION FOR
SHAFT & KEY

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SHAFT
A shaft is a common and important machine
element. It is a rotating member, in general has a
circular cross section and is used to transmit
power.
The shaft maybe hollow or solid.

The shaft is supported on bearings and it rotates

a set of gears or pulleys for the purpose of power
transmission.
The shaft is generally acted upon by bending
moment, torsion and axial force.
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 The material used for ordinary shafts is mild
steel.
When high strengh is required, an alloy steel
such a nickel, nickel_chromium or chromium-
vanadium steel is used.
Shafts are generally formed by hot rolling and
finished to size by cold drawing or turning and
grinding.

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 Shafts can be made from low carbon, cold-drawn or hot-
rolled steel, such as ANSI 1020-1050 steels.

A good practice is to start with an inexpensive, low or

medium carbon steel for the first time through the design
calculations.

Typical alloy steels for heat treatment include ANSI 1340-

50, 3140-50, 4140, 4340, 5140, and 8650.

Typical material choices for surface hardening include

carburizing grades of ANSI 1020, 4320, 4820 and 8620.

Cast iron may be specified if the production quantity is

high, and the gears are to be integrally cast with the 4
shaft.
KEY
A key is a machine element used to connect a
rotating machine element to a shaft.The stresses
induced in key shaft is same as that of shaft or
hub.

So, the material used in key should be same as

that of shaft to avoid failures due to overload.

Key stress equals shaft stress when the key

length is 1.6 times the shaft diameter.
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 But modern coupling, particularly those made
from alloy steels have shorter hubs than this.
They are usually equal to or only slightly longer
than the shaft diameter.
In this case, key stress is about 50% higher than

shaft stress.
This would appear to require that the key
material be 50% stronger than that of the hub;
however, because part of the torque is
transmitted through friction between the shaft
and hub bore, the key material need only be as
strong as shaft material.
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 Keys are usually made of steels or stainless steel
and plated with zinc for wear and oxidation
resistance.

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SCREW JACK
A screw jack is a portable device consisting of a
screw mechanism used to raise or
lower the load.

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DESIGN OF HANDLE FOR SCREW
JACK

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APPLICATIONS OF SCREW JACK
Paper, press, printing industry
Gypsum factories
Sheet metal forming machinery
Mechanical lifting applications
Platform lifting applications
Food processing machinery
Construction sector
Bridge jacks for road and bridge lifting
Shipyards
Opening and closing of penstocks
Industrial process
Roll form machinery
Mining industry
Defence industry
Lift tables 13
Stage setup applications
THANK YOU!!!

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