SIMPLE PAST VS.

PRESENT PERFECT

A N N I S A N U R U L H A N I FA H
NURUL IZZAH SOFIA
S H O FA R I N A I H Z A FA D I A H M
S Y I FA FAT I M A H
T S A B I TA Z A H RA
Simple past
tense

The simple past is used to

talk about a completed
action in a time before
now. Duration is not
important. The time of the
action can be in the recent
past or the distant past.
 Patterns of simple past tense for
regular verbs

Affirmative
Subject + verb
+ ed
I skipped.
Negative Subject + did not + infinitive
without to
They didn't go.

Interrogative Did + subject +

infinitive without to Did she arrive?

Interrogative negative Did not +

subject + infinitive without to Didn't
you play?
 To
Walk
Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I walked I didn't walk Did I walk?

You walked You didn't walk Did you walk?

He walked He didn't walk Did he walk?

We walked We didn't walk Did we walk?

They walked They didn't walk Did they walk?

 Simple past tense of to be, to
have, to do

Subject Verb

Be Have Do

I was had did

You were had did

He/She/It was had did

We were had did

You were had did

They were had did

Notes on affirmative, negative, &
interrogative forms
Affirmative
The affirmative of the simple
past tense is simple.
I was in Japan last year
She had a headache yesterday.
We did our homework last night.

Negative and interrogative

For the negative and interrogative
simple past form of "do" as an
ordinary verb, use the auxiliary "do",
e.g. We didn't do our homework last
night.
The negative of "have" in the simple
past is usually formed using the
auxiliary "do", but sometimes by
simply adding not or the contraction
"n't".
The interrogative form of "have" in
Examples
They weren't in Rio last summer.
We didn't have any money.
We didn't have time to visit the Eiffel Tower.
We didn't do our exercises this morning.
Were they in Iceland last January?
Did you have a bicycle when you were young?
Did you do much climbing in Switzerland?

Note: For the negative and interrogative form of

all verbs in the simple past, always use the
auxiliary 'did''.
Simple past, irregular verbs
Some verbs are irregular in the simple
past. Here are the most common ones.

to go
He went to a club last night.
Did he go to the cinema last
night?
He didn't go to bed early last
night.
to come
My parents came to visit me last July.
We didn't come because it was
raining.
Did he come to your party last
to give week?
We gave her a doll for her birthday.
They didn't give John their new
address.
Did Barry give you my passport?
Definition of Present
Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense is a
verb form used to express an
action or situation that has
started in the past and still
continues to present or have
been completed in a certain
point of time in the past but
its effects still continue.
Bentuk present perfect tenseuntukkalimatpositif,
negatif,daninterogatifadalahsebagaiberikut.

Contoh Present
Kalimat Rumus
Perfect Tense

S + aux. I have read the book

positif verb(have/has) +
(+) V-3/past participle He has left
S + aux. I have not read the
verb(have/has) + book
negatif not + V-3/past
(-) participle He hasnt left
aux.
verb(have/has) + S Have I read the book
interogatif + V-3/past
(?) participle Has he left
Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Tense
Fungsi Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tenseuntuk Can you recommend the most delicious
mengungkapkan kejadian di masa lalu seafood restaurant in this town? Yes, Ive
tanpa peduli kapan tepatnya terjadi. visitedall of them.
(Dapatkah kamu merekomendasikan restoran
seafood paling lezat di kota ini? Ya, saya telah
mengunjungi semuanya.)
Ive readthis book.
(Saya sudah membaca buku ini.)
Present perfect tenseuntuk
menunjukkan bahwa suatu aksi terjadi
berulang kali dimasa lampau ( Shehas calledyou three times.
adverb of numberdapat digunakan). (Dia sudah meneleponmu tiga kali.)
Present perfect tenseuntuk Ihave livedin Cilegonfor 3 months.
mengungkapkan aktivitas atau situasi (Saya telah tinggal di Cilegon selama 3 bulan.)
yang dimulai pada masa lampau
Shehas studiedin French since April.
kemudian dilanjutkan sampai
(Saya telah sekolah di Perancis sejak bulan
sekarang (belum selesai).
April.)
Present perfect tenseuntuk The rainsjuststopped.
membicarakaneventyang baru saja (Hujan baru saja berhenti.)
terjadi (adverb justdapat [the rains = the rain has; lihat
digunakan). contraction & apostrophe]
CERTAIN TIME IN THE PAST OR JUST /
ALREADY / YET

Simple past : tindakan yang terjadi pada waktu

tertentu di masa lalu (bahkan jika itu hanya
beberapa detik lalu)
Present perfect : tindakan baru saja / belum
terjadi

Simple Past Present Perfect

certain time in the past just / already / not yet

Example: I phoned Mary 2 Example: I have just phoned
minutes ago. Mary.
 CERTAIN EVENT IN THE PAST OR HOW OFTEN SO FAR

Simple past : Kapan tindakan tertentu

terjadi
Present perfect : seberapa sering
suatu tindakan yang terjadi sampai
sekarang
Simple Past Present Perfect

whether / how often till now

certain event in the past
Example: Have you ever been to
Example: He went to Canada last
Canada? / I have been to Canada
summer.
twice.
 EMPHASIS ON ACTION OR RESULT

Simple past : mengungkapkan apa yang

terjadi di masa lalu
Present Perfect : menekankan hasil (akibat
tindakan masa lalu di masa sekarang)?

Simple Past Present Perfect

Emphasis on action
Example: I bought a new bike.
(just telling what I did in the past.)
Emphasis on result
Example: I have bought a new
bike. (With this sentence I actually
want to express that I have a new
bike now.)
 SIGNAL WORDS

Simple Past Present Perfect

just
already
yesterday
up to now
... ago
until now / till now
in 1990
ever
the other day
(not) yet
last ...
so far
lately / recently
1. You have worked so hard
today, you had better
take a rest
a. Present perfect tense
b. Past perfect tense
c. Simple past tense
2. Oh my God, I have not
turnthe stove off
d. Present perfect tense
e. Past perfect tense
f. Simple past tense
3. have you already finished
answering the questions?
g. Present perfect tense
h. Past perfect tense
i. Simple past tense
4. She crossed over the
bridge by motorcycle
last night
a. Present perfect
tense
b. Past perfect tense
c. Simple past tense
5. She did not get what
she expected from
the seminar hold last
week
d. Present perfect
tense
e. Past perfect tense
f. Simple past tense
6. Why did you come
home so late?
g. Present perfect
tense
h. Past perfect tense
i. Simple past tense