Presentation of Data

Methods of Presenting Data

1. Textual method
2. Tabular method
3. Graphical method
 Textual method
data presented in paragraph or in sentences
includes enumeration of important
characteristics,
emphasizing the most significant features
highlighting the most striking attributes of the
set of data
 Example:
Math test scores of 15 students out of 50 items:
47, 48, 49, 42, 42, 36, 38, 40, 35, 50, 44, 45, 45, 50, 50

Writing the data in 35, 36, 38, 40, 42, 42, 44,
numerical order may help 45, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 50,
analyse the data. 50
Findings: The lowest score is 35 and the
highest is is 50. Three students got a perfect
score of 50; one go t35, 36, 38, 40, 44, 47, 48,
and 49, while 2 got 42 and 45. If the passing
rate is 70%, it shows that nobody failed in the
test.
Conclusion: I conclude therefore that the
students performed well.

Inference: If this trend will continue, then it is

likely that nobody will fail in this Math class.
 Tabular method
useful for clear presentation and comparison
of large number of data items
presented at a level of detail which cannot
usually determined from a text
 Parts of a table
Table number
for easy reference, written at the top of the table
Table title
briefly explain the content of the table, follows
after the table number
Column headers
describe each entry in the column
Row classifier
classify rows
 Parts of the table
Source note
acknowledge the sources of the data
Frequency
show the number of entry per category
Total frequency
have a general picture of the total population
 Table Title Table Number

Parts of a table
Table 3a: Column Header
Distribution of students in
ABS High School According
to Year Level
Year Level No. of Percentage
Students Frequency
Row Classifier

(frequency)
Freshman 350 0.3182
Body
Sophomore 300 0.2727
Junior 250 0.2273
Senior 200 0.1818
Total 1100 1.0000
Source: ABS High School Registrar Source Note
 Frequency Distribution Table
Table which shows the data arranged into
different classes, and the number of cases
which fall into each class.
 Ungrouped frequency table
there is only one category per row or per
class
used if the range of the set of data is not so
wide, for example 10 or less
 Table 3b
Example:
Ungrouped frequency distribution table
For the age of 50 service crews at Mc
Age Frequency Percentage
frequency
18 8 0.1600
19 7 0.1400
20 6 0.1200
21 11 0.2200
22 4 0.0800
23 6 0.1200
24 4 0.0800
25 4 0.0800
Total 50 1.0000
 Grouped frequency table
A table with several categories or multiple
values in one row or class
Used when the range of the set of data is so
wide, i.e. 11 and above
 Example:
Table 3c
Grouped
Classfrequency table for the Class Mark
Frequency
test scores of 50 students in Statistics
Interval(C.I)
4-9 2 6.5
10-15 7 12.5
16-21 8 18.5
22-27 4 24.5
28-33 11 30.5
34-39 8 36.5
40-45 6 42.5
46-51 4 48.5
Total 50
 Stem-and-leaf Table
a table that sorts data according to a certain
pattern
separating number into two parts
 Example:
Table 3d
Stem-and-leaf table

Stem Leaves
0 8,9,9,9
1 0,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,7,7,8,8,9,9
2 0,0,0,0,0,5,6,9
3 0,1,2,3,4,9
4 2,3,3,3,4,5,6,7,8
5 1,1,2,5,5,5,5,6
6 2,4,5
10 0,0,0,0,9,9,9
11 0,0,0,2,3,4,4,4,5
 Graphical Method
Method of presenting data by the used of
graphs
 Types of graphs
Bar chart
Histogram
Frequency polygon or Line graph
Pie chart
Ogive
Relative frequency
Pictograph
Bar Graph
Histogram
Frequency Polygon
Pictograph
Ogive
Relative Frequency
Pie Chart